1
The Internet and World
Wide Web
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
Gordon College
BUSA 2101
Internet
• Internet – Network of networks that began in
1969 in the US (Military project)
–http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/
• Widespread usage came in the 1980’s
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
–
Many networks appeared due to the creation of the
modem
• The Internet is setup as a Client-Server network
World Wide Web
• Internet was cryptic (text-based) before 1991
– Gopher and Telnet – two popular text-based applications for
using the Internet
• Hyperlinks
– A way to reference or “link” to other documents on the Internet
1960
’
s idea of Ted Nelson used in database processing
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
–
1960 s
idea
of
Ted
Nelson
used
in
database
processing
– First used by encyclopedia companies on CD-ROM
• Tim Berners-Lee conceived of an idea to link documents
across networks using Hypertext
– Worked at a consortium called CERN
• The World W ide Web is a subset of the Internet
HTML
• HTML ÆHyperText Markup Language
• Web Documents have .htm or .html extension
• Lots of programs (e.g. Word) will convert documents to
HTML today
•
Clients (Browsers such as Internet Explorer) must be able
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
Clients
(Browsers
such
as
Internet
Explorer)
must
be
able
to display the document properly
– They can do this because of HTTP – HyperText Transfer
Protocol
• Commonly used browsers are:
– Internet Explorer, FireFox, others
– Lots of browsers available now, especially for children
Protocols – How the Internet Works
• Protocol – literally means “greeting” or method of
greeting
• Computers on the Internet today communicate
primarily using HyperText Transfer Protocol
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol –
backbone protocols for the Internet
• Other Protocols
– SMTP and POP – for e-mail
– Telnet – for remote logins
– FTP – File Transfer Protocol
Using the Web
• We are able to locate sites on the Web by linking
to the site or typing the physical address known
as an IP address
– Gordon’s IP address is 168.26.242.11
A
d
URL
Uif
Ric Calhoun, Ed. D.
•
A
s en
d
-users we can use a
URL
–
U
n
if
orm
Resource Locator – to locate information on the
Web http://dogs.about.com/pets/dogs/msub13.htm
Mode of transfer
Website Folders
Document
