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TEST 1 UNITEK FUNDAMENTALS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Linda Richards - Correct Answers -Responsible for developing the first nursing and hospital records Know who founded the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses. - Correct Answers -Lillian Kuster Know the history of the National League for Nursing Education NLN[?] and the position on - Correct Answers -Keywords: Robb(er), Dock, Superintendent (Chalmers), National (Football League) Clara Barton - Correct Answers -Red Cross Know about the requirements for licensure. - Correct Answers -Complete a nursing program to be eligible to take the NCLEX, program must meet minimum state standards and complete program 12-18 months maslow's law of hierarchy - Correct Answers -Highest needs physical, safety, love and belonging, self esteem, self actualización how you present yourself can affect patients - Correct Answers -when presenting yourself you want to make the patient trust you and you can do this by using therapeutic communication verbal(conveying acceptance, closed/open ended questions, etc.) or nonverbal (listening, touch, silence), also how you present yourself visually make sure you dont stink, dress appropriately, etc. ANA's position statements - Correct Answers -support nurses by offering an explanation, a justification, or a recommendation for a course of action in particular situations. How did Nightingale improve hospitals? - Correct Answers -ventilation light bedding cleanliness food
what benefits the soldiers saw in the Crimean war from florence - Correct Answers - Florence Nightingale was known as lady with the lamp and she pioneered the first correlation between infection and unclean conditions, careful with note taking, hand drawn graphs/charts to illustrate correlation of cleanliness and health What is the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses? - Correct Answers - delivery of nursing care working with other organizations and groups in a cooperative progressive spirit to build strong professional and public relationships. Self-actualization (Maslow) - Correct Answers -(4)hope, spiritual well being, enhanced growth Self-Esteem (Maslow) - Correct Answers -(2) control, competence, positive regard, acceptance/worthiness Love and Belonging (Maslow) - Correct Answers -(3)Maintain support systems Protect from isolation Safety and Security (Maslow) - Correct Answers -(4) protection from injury, promote feeling of security, trust in nurse-client relationship Physiological Needs (Maslow) - Correct Answers -(5) airway, respiratory tract, heart rate, nutrition, elimination Dorothea Dix (1802-1887) - Correct Answers -pioneer crusader for elevation of standards of care for the mentally ill. Mary Ann Ball (1817-1901) - Correct Answers -Championed the rights and comforts of soldiers; organized diet kitchens, laundries, and ambulance service Isabel Hampton Robb (1860-1910) - Correct Answers -Organized the first graded system of theory and practice in schools of nursing ( think principle) Lavinia Dock (1858-1956) - Correct Answers -Responsible, with Robb, for the organization of the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools, which evolved into the National League for Nursing Education Mary Eliza Mahoney (1845-1926) - Correct Answers -The first African-American professional nurse Which patient typifies the demographic changes of the population in the twenty-first century and represents an increased need for nursing care?1. A 3-month-old infant with developmental disabilities2. A 15-year-old homeless adolescent3. A 45-year-old man with diabetes4. A 78-year-old woman with chronic illness - Correct Answers -:4-The population is aging rapidly and there is an increased need for nursing services for this growing segment of the population.
Which nursing actions are appropriate to the roles/responsibilities of the LPN/LVN? Select all that apply.1. Uses active listening techniques when interacting with a depressed patient2. reports changes in vital signs to the health care provider in a timely fashion3. takes initiative to create a comprehensive care plan for a newly admitted patient4. ensures that the correct medication is given to the correct patient at the correct time5. collects data from the patient, the family, and previous medical records - Correct Answers -1,2,4,5-The LPN/LVN communicates findings to members of the health care team, demonstrates caring and empathy by using therapeutic communication skills with patients, administers care according to professional standards and collects data from multiple sources.-The LPN/LVN would collaborate with the RN but would notindependently create the care plan for a newly admitted patient. Which statement by a male nursing student is most likely to represent a factor associated with the high attrition rate of male students from nursing education programs?1. " The course of study is too prolonged and difficult."2." I can make more money if I become a doctor."3. "The nursing instructors claim that I am not caring."4. "It's difficult for men to advance in the nursing profession." - Correct Answers -3- Reports indicate that challenges related to feelings of social isolation, stereotyping about men who choose nursing, nursing instructor's inability to incorporate masculine styles of caring in to the curriculum, and a lack of male role models in the profession may be to blame for the high attrition of male nursing students from nursing programs. (more on page 8) A patient suddenly becomes unresponsive; therefore, he is unable to make decisions about health care options. What is the health care team most likely to do to determine the patient's wishes?1. contact the patient's closest adult relative2. determine if the patient has a personal attorney3. seek opinions from the patient's primary care provider4. review the patient's advance directives. - Correct Answers -Answer: 4- Advance directives could include a health care power of attorney that states who should make health care decisions if the person is unable to make them.-A "living will" outlines wishes about end-of-life care. Ideally, everyone should carefully consider advance directives and have discussions with family members, caregivers and the health care team.(more on page 6) One of the major problems of hospitals of the early nineteenth century has been addressed by which measure in contemporary health?1. Focusing on women's health issues, such as heart disease.2. Using Standard Precautions and improving hygienic practices3. Encouraging men to enter the nursing profession4. Reducing the nursing shortage during war-time. - Correct Answers -2-One of the primary problems of the early nineteenth century hospitals was poor hygienic practices. Hospitals were dirty and overcrowded and care was mostly given by untrained persons. Which patient is most at risk for being one of the "medically undeserved" in the United States1. A 30-year-old woman with newly diagnosed breast cancer2. An 86-year-old man who resides in a long-term care facility3. A 3-year-old whose parents recently emigrated for work4. A 65-year-old Vietnam veteran who lives on the street - Correct
Answers -4:-Poverty, homelessness, and unemployment are barriers to accessing health care. A mother tells the nurse that her 17-year-old son, who is wheelchair-bound for 1 year following an accident, has been depressed because basketball season is starting and he was a star player for high high school team. Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which intervention would address the adolescent's priority need?1. Advise the mother to check the wheelchair access ramps for safe access to the gym2. explore other interests and activities that would increase his self-esteem3. initiate a review of body systems to identify the cause of depression4. suggest the mother and son seek out a wheelchair basketball team - Correct Answers -4:-Adolescence is time when love and belonging to a peer group are very important. Being part of a team isthe best way to help him meet this need. The nurse has identified that a 56 year old woman has increased risk for heart problems because of family history. Which modifiable factor(s) should be included in the teaching plan to promote health and self-help practices for wellness for this patient? Select all that apply.1. smoking cessation and stress reduction2. use of advanced technology and new medications3. weight reduction and decreased alcohol consumption4. cost of health insurance and specialist care5. control over decision-making that affects the patient's own body and health - Correct Answers -1, 3, 5:-Patient can participate in smoking cessation; stress, weight, and alcohol intake reduction; and control over own body and health.-Giving information about technology, new medications, and costs may be of interest tothe patient, but these topics are less useful in helping the patient to take an active role in her own health. Which set of tasks should be assigned to an unlicensed assistive personnel who has been cross-trained as a unit secretary?1. Direct visitors and give out patient information2. take vital signs and restock medications3. validate transcriptions and interpret vital signs4. ambulate patients and order unit supplies - Correct Answers - Answer 4:-Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs) are trained to assist patients with activities of daily living.-The unit secretary orders supplies using electronic or hard copy requisition forms. While the UAP or unit secretary can direct visitors, extreme caution should be used in giving out patient information. (Note to student: Even acknowledging that a patient has been admitted to the hospital can be viewed as a violation of confidentiality.)-Taking vital signs is acceptable; however, the pharmacist generally restocks medications.-Validating and interpreting are nursingresponsibilities. Which action best demonstrates the nurse's consistent effort to contribute to cost- containment?1. Obtains malpractice insurance2. Uses time and materials economically3. Questions excessive diagnostic testing4. Ambulate patients and order unit supplies - Correct Answers -Answer 2:-Economic use of time and materials is the best way to contain costs for individual patients.-Malpractice insurance does not help to contain costs. While it is appropriate to question the provider about safety issues, it is not appropriate to question use of diagnostic testing.-Diagnosis is an extremely complicated process, which requires anextensive knowledge about pathology. Referring
--This patient has some health problems and some changes in her life, but she has a relatively high level of wellness.-Her blood pressure is under control and she has adapted to a major change (retirement), by taking on a new challenge of volunteering.- Her positive outlook on life allows her to find joy in the prospect of sharing time with a newgeneration. a. compare and contract the historical significance of the white pleated cap and the apron that were originally part of the nurse's uniform with contemporary mandatory dress codes for nursing students and nurses. - Correct Answers --Originally, the white pleated cap and the apron signified respectability, cleanliness, and servitude. Caps gradually became symbolic of office and achievement and were celebrated with capping ceremonies.-Uniforms became more informal and nurses complained that caps interfered with care, caused hair loss, took too much time for washing and starching, and were a source of bacteria. Health care facilities and nursing schools typically have dress codes for style of uniform and/or color. Staff are generally required to wear name tags and identification badges.-Many nurses do not approve of mandatory dress codes. They argue that other health care professionals do not depend on uniforms for their authority. b. compare and contrast your personal point of view about uniforms with patients' and families points of view - Correct Answers --It is likely that as a nursing student and a soon-to-be nurse that looking professional is important to you.-You may feel anxious to be rid of your current student uniform for a variety of reasons. Freedom of choice, unattractive style, and not being marked as a student are frequent reasons cited by students. From the patients' point of view, they feel more comfortable and confident when they are easily able to distinguish nurses from other staff members.-Some research studies also suggest that patients believe that nurses who wear white are better nurses than those who do not wear white. The patient is admitted too the medical-surgical hospital unit for exacerbation of a chronic respiratory disease. While in the hospital, he requires medication, oxygen therapy, and diagnostic testing. In addition, the nurse notes that he smokes. He is overweight and making very poor food choices for between-meal snacks. He is unsteady when he ambulates and requires some assistance for activities that require bending and lifting, such as tying his shoelaces or picking up his suitcase. On further assessment, the nurse finds out that the patient lives by himself in a second-story apartment and his primary source of income is from a small pension.a.) Identify all of the participants in the health care delivery system who will be involved in this patient's care and briefly describe their roles and responsibilities.b.) how could the nurse apply the concepts of health promotion and illness prevention to assist this patient? - Correct Answers -a.) This patient has complex physical problems and he has some lifestyle, social, and financial issues that need extraattention.-Registered nurse (RN)—provides direct patient care in the hospital and an RN from a home health agency could also be involved in the care of this patient.-LPN/LVN—works under the supervision of the RN in
providing patient care.-Physician—provides medical diagnosis and prescription of treatment and medications.-Social worker—provides counseling and referral to community resources.-Physical therapist—teaches and monitors exercise and will assist this patient in learning techniques for safe ambulation, bending, and lifting.-Dietitian— provides nutritional counseling.Respiratory therapist—supervises oxygen administration and performs pulmonary assessments.-Technologist—will obtain and analyze specimens and perform other diagnostic procedures.-Pharmacist—prepares the medication in the hospital. The community pharmacist can help this patient monitor his home medications.-Unlicensed assistive personnel—assists the patient in the hospital and at home with bathing and other activities of daily living.-Hospitals will also have financial counselors to assist the patients in understanding the hospital bill and to make arrangements in paying out-of-pocket costs.b.)-For primary prevention, the nurse would encourage wellness activities and preemptive screening programs such colonoscopy or glucose screening. For secondary prevention, to reduce the impact of the chronic respiratory disease, the nurse would encourage smoking cessation and weight loss.-For tertiary prevention, the nursewould get a referral for home health assistance, including physical therapy, which will improve quality of life and reduce further loss of function.
