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Television Programming Strategies: A Comprehensive Guide to Network Scheduling, Exams of Nursing

A detailed overview of classic and contemporary television programming strategies employed by broadcast networks. It explores various techniques for building audience flow, protecting new programs, and challenging competitors. The document delves into the intricacies of scheduling seasons, primetime programming, and non-primetime strategies, highlighting the importance of audience demographics and revenue enhancement. It also examines the impact of media consolidation and the evolving landscape of television programming.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/09/2025

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MPM 24,25,26 Questions With Complete Solutions
affiliation agreement Correct Answers the network agrees to
provide its program service to affiliate on an exclusive basis-
network (local access, three quarters of the commercial time),
affiliate- network compensation (comp) station breaks
(adjacencies)
anchoring Correct Answers beginning an evening with an
especially strong program(the anchor show or the lead-off)
which sets the tone for the network's entire evening
the network winning the ratings for the first hour of prime time
also usually wins the entire night
blocking (stacking) Correct Answers placing several similar
programs together to create a unit that has audience flow
works best during the first two hours of prime time & typically
loses effectiveness later in the evening; burn out
blunting Correct Answers the strategy of airing a program of
the same type that another competition carries in order to share
the audience; often don't last long as one show usually proves
more popular than the other
brand-building Correct Answers affiliates with number one
news are generally number one in prime time
bridging Correct Answers useful to public broadcasting and
cable networks; the regular use of long-form programs (one-and-
a-half hours or more) that start during the access to hours and
continue into prime time, thus running past the broadcast
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MPM 24,25,26 Questions With Complete Solutions affiliation agreement Correct Answers the network agrees to provide its program service to affiliate on an exclusive basis- network (local access, three quarters of the commercial time), affiliate- network compensation (comp) station breaks (adjacencies) anchoring Correct Answers beginning an evening with an especially strong program(the anchor show or the lead-off) which sets the tone for the network's entire evening the network winning the ratings for the first hour of prime time also usually wins the entire night blocking (stacking) Correct Answers placing several similar programs together to create a unit that has audience flow works best during the first two hours of prime time & typically loses effectiveness later in the evening; burn out blunting Correct Answers the strategy of airing a program of the same type that another competition carries in order to share the audience; often don't last long as one show usually proves more popular than the other brand-building Correct Answers affiliates with number one news are generally number one in prime time bridging Correct Answers useful to public broadcasting and cable networks; the regular use of long-form programs (one-and- a-half hours or more) that start during the access to hours and continue into prime time, thus running past the broadcast

networks' lead-offs and negating their strategies ; starting and ending program at odd times; to run past the starting and stopping points for shows on other networks; scheduling half- hour shows against hour-long shows on the competing networks broadcast networks Correct Answers the big four- NBC,ABC, CBS, FOX- the small ones- the CW, the spanish-language three- univision, telemundo, UniMas building audience flow Correct Answers network strategies are usually directed to achieving flow-through from program to program within prime time challenges to classic scheduling strategies Correct Answers little reason to believe any has an overwhelming impact on viewing, the audience has little reluctance to change channels , and there is no shortage of places to go; nonetheless, most experts believe that well-defined and executed application of programming strategies helps a broadcast network hold onto significant portions of the viewership changes to the scheduling landscape Correct Answers more summer series, more specials, more limited series, more prime- time sports coverage children's shows Correct Answers cable networks now dominate, networks lease shows from cable networks, education requirements classic scheduling strategies Correct Answers anchoring, lead- in, hammocking, tentpoling, blocking (stacking), doubling,

lead-in Correct Answers placing a strong series before a weaker (or any new) series to give it a jump start the networks often shift strong series to new nights or times main scheduling season Correct Answers September- May averages- 22 original episodes in 40 weeks; reruns so frequent because the networks can show each episode twice for one payment; new shows often get shorter episode order (typically 13 episodes) media consolidation Correct Answers networks no longer dominant non prime-time hours, media conglomerates offer a combination of network programming, syndicated shows and cable programming morning shows Correct Answers fairly low ratings, but intense competition for viewers high advertising revenue make enough profits to subsidize other news shows network programming for affiliates Correct Answers network model- maximizing the economies of scale, the cost of producing one program can be spread over hundreds of affiliates, exclusively for local affiliates, local presence for networks new show contracts Correct Answers initial contract- network in control, talent and producers have little bargaining power, second contract-usually occurs after 5 years- talent and producers have majority of the bargaining power; group casts/writers often negotiate together

news Correct Answers morning, noon, evening, and late night news evening network news declining in rating, but still cornerstone of network news organizations, weekend news shows non-prime-time audience Correct Answers more homogenous than prime-time audiences, same types of programs scheduled during non-prime-time hours, advertisers hold more power non-prime-time strategies Correct Answers low risk programming, stripped programs, capitalize audience flow, HUT levels around 10% (vs. 60% in primetime)- people may watch for longer periods of time non-primetime network programming strategies Correct Answers clearance- affiliate station, clear the program (run when the network schedules it), not clear the program (preemption), delayed carriage (run at later time) non-primetime network programming- high value audiences Correct Answers women 18-29 most likely to make household buying decision men 18-29- hard to reach; thus advertisers pay premium for media that deliver them high education/ high income non-primetime network programming- low-value audiences Correct Answers over age 49- believed to have established brand preferences and to be less influence by advertising

revenue enhancement Correct Answers the station owns all of its news inventory; news as prestigious programming risk mitigation Correct Answers news programs are rarely abject failures in comparison to syndicated programs rotating Correct Answers scheduling multiple series for the same time slot- largely limited to reality shows on the broadcast networks scheduling seasons- SCHEDULE CHURN Correct Answers shows are pre-empted in their current time slots, or time slots are shifted; networks function most effectively in their current time slots, or time slots are shifted; networks function most effectively when churn is kept to a minimum; declining ratings on once-popular shows can hurt overall schedule scheduling strategies Correct Answers building audience flow, protecting new programs, challenging competitors seamless transition Correct Answers intended to accelerate the flow between programs; eliminating the breaks between key programs, avoiding the opportunity for remote use, cutting out all long title and credit sequences and beginning every program with an up-tempo, attention-getting sequence; split screens and squeezed credit at the end of programs; running a "next" icon or a promotional crawl for the upcoming series over the last segment of the preceding show

sources of television programs Correct Answers network programs (O&O's and affiliates), syndicated programs, local programs sports Correct Answers mainly on weekends, broadcast/cable partnerships, male audience station promotion Correct Answers on-air- criteria: the potential profitability of the program, the importance of the program to the station's overall branding strategy paid media: radio, newspaper, billboards, etc. strip sampling (horizontal stripping) Correct Answers new series aired on several different nights across their premier weeks; cross-media scheduling (both network and cable channels during the first week) stripping Correct Answers across-the-board scheduling; putting successive episodes of a program into the same time period every day, five days per week (ex: placing Stark Trek every evening at 7 pm) stunting Correct Answers scheduling specials such as hit films, adding guest stars, having unusual series promotion, and otherwise altering the regular program schedule at the last minute supersizing Correct Answers a form of stunting used mainly for the sweeps months, now common for hit sitcoms and reality shows; pulling questionable series off the air without having to

or primetime hits and resulting in a sameness; but if lifespan is longer than 10 years ago- vertical integration, network parent companies often own the shows