Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine Exam Questions and Answers 2025 | Exams Medical imaging

Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine

Exam Questions and

Answers 2025

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about insulin injections. The client's

prescription includes evening doses of insulin glargine and regular insulin. Which of the

following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER Draw up the insulins into separate

syringes.

The nurse should instruct the client to draw up the insulins into separate syringes because

insulin glargine is not compatible with other insulins.

A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the

following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER Ingest alcohol with food to

reduce alcohol-induced hypoglycemia.

Alcohol inhibits the liver from producing glucose. Consuming carbohydrates while drinking

alcoholic beverages helps prevent hypoglycemia.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a pheochromocytoma. Which of the following actions

should the nurse take? - ANSWER Elevate the head of the client's bed.

The nurse should elevate the head of the client's bed to reduce blood pressure and abdominal

pressure.

A nurse has administered propranolol by IV bolus to a client who is having a thyroid storm.

Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having a therapeutic response? -

ANSWER Reduction of the effects of thyroid hormone on the heart

Propranolol is a beta2-adrenergic blocking agent that decreases the rapid heart rate that

excessive thyroid stimulation causes.

A nurse is monitoring a client's status 24 hours after a total thyroidectomy. Which of the

following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - ANSWER Laryngeal stridor

Laryngeal stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound with inspiration that indicates respiratory

obstruction. The nurse should take immediate action to preserve the client's airway.

A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long-

term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following effects should the nurse include? (select all

that apply) - ANSWER Osteoporosis is correct. Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of long-term

corticosteroid therapy due to the suppression of bone formation and the acceleration of bone

resorption that corticosteroid therapy can cause.

Moon-shaped face is correct. Long-term corticosteroid therapy causes characteristics of

iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, including a moon-shaped face, a potbelly, and a buffalo hump.

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Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine

Exam Questions and

Answers 2025

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about insulin injections. The client's prescription includes evening doses of insulin glargine and regular insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER Draw up the insulins into separate syringes. The nurse should instruct the client to draw up the insulins into separate syringes because insulin glargine is not compatible with other insulins. A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER Ingest alcohol with food to reduce alcohol-induced hypoglycemia. Alcohol inhibits the liver from producing glucose. Consuming carbohydrates while drinking alcoholic beverages helps prevent hypoglycemia. A nurse is caring for a client who has a pheochromocytoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Elevate the head of the client's bed. The nurse should elevate the head of the client's bed to reduce blood pressure and abdominal pressure. A nurse has administered propranolol by IV bolus to a client who is having a thyroid storm. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having a therapeutic response? - ANSWER Reduction of the effects of thyroid hormone on the heart Propranolol is a beta2-adrenergic blocking agent that decreases the rapid heart rate that excessive thyroid stimulation causes. A nurse is monitoring a client's status 24 hours after a total thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - ANSWER Laryngeal stridor Laryngeal stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound with inspiration that indicates respiratory obstruction. The nurse should take immediate action to preserve the client's airway. A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long- term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following effects should the nurse include? (select all that apply) - ANSWER Osteoporosis is correct. Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy due to the suppression of bone formation and the acceleration of bone resorption that corticosteroid therapy can cause. Moon-shaped face is correct. Long-term corticosteroid therapy causes characteristics of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, including a moon-shaped face, a potbelly, and a buffalo hump.

Increased risk of infection is correct. Increased risk of infection is an adverse effect of long- term corticosteroid therapy due to suppression of the immune system. It reduces the phagocytic actions of macrophages and neutrophils, thus increasing the risk of infection. Hearing loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy can cause cataracts and glaucoma, but it does not cause hearing loss. Weight loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy is more likely to cause weight gain due to the fluid and sodium retention these medications cause. A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes melliltus and has hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Serum pH of 7. A client who has HHS produces enough insulin to prevent ketosis, but not enough to prevent hyperglycemia. Therefore, the serum pH is within the expected reference range. Glucose levels will be above 600 mg/dL. To screen a client for pheochromocytoma, a nurse schedules a vanillylmandelic acid test. When teaching the client about this test, which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER "Restrict coffee intake 2 to 3 days prior to the test." The client should avoid coffee and tea (even if they are decaffeinated), bananas, chocolate, and vanilla for 2 to 3 days prior to the test. A nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who has a diabetic foot ulcer about foot care. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - ANSWER "I will apply lotion to the dry areas of my feet, but not between my toes." Lotion can be used for dry areas of the feet, but the client should avoid applying lotion between the toes, as this area is prone to bacterial growth. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include as an expected finding of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? - ANSWER Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL are an expected finding with DKA. Levels above 600 mg/dL are an expected finding with hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state. A nurse is admitting a client who has hyperthyroidism. When assessing the client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings? - ANSWER Tremors

Peripheral neuropathy makes it difficult to determine if bath water is too hot. Therefore, to prevent injury, the client should use a bath thermometer to ensure a water temperature below 43.3° C (110° F). A nurse is assessing a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - ANSWER Sodium 110 mEq/L A client who has SIADH retains fluids, which causes dilutional hyponatremia. A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following results should the nurse expect? - ANSWER pH 7.32, PaCO2 36 mm Hg, HCO3- 14 mEq/L Metabolic acidosis is a common manifestation of DKA, with pH characteristically low, carbon dioxide within the expected reference range, and bicarbonate low. A nurse is assessing a client who has adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Calcium 12.8 mg/dL A client who has adrenal insufficiency has a calcium level above the expected reference range. A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of Cushing's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Hirsutism Increased hair growth, or hirsutism, is an expected finding of Cushing's disease due to increased androgen production. A nurse is monitoring the laboratory values of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking insulin. Which of the following results indicates a therapeutic outcome of insulin therapy? - ANSWER Fasting blood glucose 96 mg/dL This is within the expected reference range for a fasting blood glucose level and indicates that insulin therapy is effective. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling anxious. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the client is hypoglycemic? - ANSWER Cool, clammy skin Hypoglycemia causes cool, clammy skin, in addition to anxiety, nervousness, tachycardia, and confusion.

A nurse is managing the care of a client who is postoperative and has acute adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Administer IV hydrocortisone sodium. Hydrocortisone sodium is necessary to replace the cortisol deficiency that occurs with adrenal insufficiency. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about how to prevent complications during illness. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - ANSWER "I will call my doctor if my blood sugar is more than 250 milligrams per deciliter." The client should call the provider if her blood glucose levels exceed 250 mg/dL during illness. A home health nurse is assessing a client who requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy for the treatment of hypothyroidism. The client has not been taking his medication regularly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Hypotension Hypotension is an expected finding with hypothyroidism, along with bradypnea, dysrhythmias, cold intolerance, and cool, dry skin. A nurse is teaching a client about the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. The nurse should explain that the purpose of the test is to assess for which of the following disorders? - ANSWER Addison's disease The nurse should instruct the client that the ACTH stimulation test is the standard test for Addison's disease. It measures the cortisol response to ACTH. The response is absent or very decreased in clients who have primary adrenal insufficiency. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has diabetes insipidus and has a new prescription for desmopressin nasal spray. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER "Blow your nose gently prior to using the nasal spray." The nurse should instruct the client to blow his nose gently prior to use of the spray. This action prevents dilution of the medication with nasal secretions. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? - ANSWER Increased hematocrit An increased hematocrit is an expected finding resulting from dehydration.

transfusion reaction? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Heart rate changes from 88/min to 120/min Client appears flushed A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for. client who requests autologous donation in preparation for a scheduled orthopedic surgical procedure. Which go the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER "you can donate blood each week if your hemoglobin is stable." A nurse preceptor is observing a newly licensed nurse on the unit who is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to an older adult client. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the procedure? - ANSWER Obtains vital signs every 15 min throughout the procedure A nurse is planning care for a client who has Hgb 7.5g/dL and Hct 21.5%. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER Provide assistance w/ ambulation monitor O2 sat Obtain a stool specimen for occult blood schedule daily rest periods A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in teaching? - ANSWER Foods high in Vitamin. C will promote absorption A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who had a gastrectomy for stomach cancer. Which of the following information should the nurse include in teaching? (select all that apply.) - ANSWER "you will need a monthly injection of B12 for the rest of your life" "use the nasal spray form of vitamin b12 on a daily basis can be an option" A nurse is completing an integumentary assessment of a client who has anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Spoon shaped nails A nurse in a clinic receives a phone call from a client seeking information about a new prescription for erythropoietin. Which of the following information should the nurse review for the client? - ANSWER The client should have their hemoglobin checked twice a week A nurse is caring for a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following lab values indicate that the clients clotting factors are depleted? (select all that apply.) - ANSWER Platelets 100,000/mm Fibrinogen levels 120mg/dL

A nurse is assessing a client and suspects the client is experiencing DIC. Which of the following physical findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Epistaxis A nurse is caring for a client who has idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura. The nurse should notify the provider and report small-vessel clotting when which of the following is assessed? - ANSWER Cyanotic nail beds A nurse is caring for a client who has DIC. Which of the following meds should the nurse anticipate administering? - ANSWER Heparin A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Which of the following risk factors for this disorder should the nurse include in this teaching? - ANSWER Heparin therapy for DVT A nurse is caring for a client who asks why the provider bases the medication regimen on HbA1c results instead of the log of morning fasting blood glucose results. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? - ANSWER "HbA1c indicates how well you have regulated your blood glucose over the past 120 days." A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for a client who might have hyperthyroidism. The nurse should identify an elevation of which of the following substances as an indication that the client has this disorder? - ANSWER Triiodothyronine A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has SIADH, Which of the following lab findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply.) - ANSWER Low sodium increased urine osmolality high urine sodium increased urine specific gravity A nurse is caring for a client who has primary adrenal insufficiency and is preparing to undergo an ACTH stimulation test. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect after an IV injection of cosyntropin? - ANSWER No change in plasma cortisol A nurse is assisting a client during a water deprivation test. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor the client? - ANSWER Orthostatic hypotension A nurse is caring for a client who has SIADH. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply.) - ANSWER Decreased blood sodium blood osmolarity 230 mosm/L A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following urinalysis lab findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Decreased specific gravity

A nurse in a providers office is reviewing lab results of a client who is being evaluated for secondary hypothyroidism. Which of the following lab findings is expected? - ANSWER Decreased T A nurse is collecting an admission hx from a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Menorrhagia Dry skin hoarseness A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Medication should not be discontinued without the advice of the provider Follow up blood TSH levels should be obtained take the medication on an empty stomach A nurse in an intensive care unit is planning care for a client who has myxedema coma. Which of the following actions should the nurse include? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Observe cardiac monitor for dysrhythmias observe for evidence of UTI Initiate IV fluids using 0.9% NaCl Administer a levothyroxine bolus A nurse in a providers office is assessing a client who recently began taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might need a decrease in dosage of the medication? - ANSWER Hand tremors A nurse is planning care for a client who has Cushing's disease. The nurse should identify that clients who have Cushing's disease are at increased risk for which of the following? (Select all that apply). - ANSWER Infection Gastric Ulcer Bone fractures At the beginning of a shift, a nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following findings is the priority? - ANSWER Weight gain A nurse is reviewing the lab findings of a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect for this client? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Sodium 150 mEw/L Potassium 3.3 mEq/L Calcium 8.0mg/dL Fasting glucose 145mg/dL

A nurse is caring for a client who is 6hr post following a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The nurse should test the clients nasal drainage for the presence of which of the following? - ANSWER Glucose A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply). - ANSWER eat a high fiber diet notify the provider of increased swallowing A nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who has Addison's disease and is taking hydrocortisone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Notify the provider of any illness or stress Report any manifestations of weakness or dizziness Do not discontinue the medication suddenly A nurse is reviewing lab results for a client who has Addison's disease. Which of the following lab results should the nurse expect for this client? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Sodium 130 Potassium 6. Calcium 11. BUN 28 A nurse is admitting a client who has acute adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect? (select all that apply). - ANSWER Regular insulin Hydrocortisone sodium succinate Sodium polystyrene sulfonate Furosemide A nurse is planning to teach a client who is being evaluated for Addison's disease about the ACTH stimulation test. The nurse should base the instructions on which of the following? - ANSWER ACTH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland A nurse is caring for a client who has a blood glucose 52mg/dL. The client is lethargic but arousable. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? - ANSWER Provide 15g of simple carbs A nurse is preparing to administer a morning dose of insulin aspart to a client who has T1DM. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Administer insulin when breakfast arrives A nurse is preparing to administer morning doses of insulin glargine and regular insulin to a client who has a blood glucose of 278 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should

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Download Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine Exam Questions and Answers 2025 and more Exams Medical imaging in PDF only on Docsity!

Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine

Exam Questions and

Answers 2025