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This document provides a comprehensive overview of surgical instruments, covering their materials, manufacturing, and maintenance. It delves into the properties and applications of various steel grades, forging and finishing techniques, and common instrument issues. This resource is invaluable for healthcare professionals involved in the procurement, maintenance, and use of surgical instruments.
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David Mungai [Date] [Course title]
400 Series Steel - Answer>> Scissors, osteotomes, chisels, rongeurs, forceps, hemostats, and needle holders 400 Series Steel - Answer>> Martensitic Stainless Steel, 400 Series Steel - Answer>> hardened steel 300 Series Steel - Answer>> retractors, cannulas, rib- spreaders, and suctions 300 Series Steel - Answer>> Austenitic Stainless Steel 300 Series Steel - Answer>> workable and malleable Titanium - Answer>> lightweight instruments non-magnetic Silver - Answer>> malleable Silver - Answer>> trachea tubes and lacrymal probes Copper - Answer>> malleable Copper - Answer>> trachea tubes and lacrymal probes Forging - Answer>> Stamp of the rough outline of an instrument Flash - Answer>> The excessive steel surrounding the forging
400 Series Steel - Answer>> Subject to corrosion due to lack of nickel 300 Series Steel - Answer>> Highly corrosion resistant and cannot be heat-hardened Pakistan Instruments - Answer>> made from 420 Stainless Steel Titanium - Answer>> used for microsurgical instruments Titanium - Answer>> identified with a blue color Tungsten Carbide - Answer>> extremely hard metal Tungsten Carbide - Answer>> scissors and needle holders Tungsten Carbide - Answer>> identified with gold handles Magnetic - Answer>> new instruments tend to be _________ in the box locks, serrations, and ratchets due to the manufacturing process Enemies of Surgical Instruments - Answer>> allowing blood to dry onto instruments soaking in hard water soaking in saline long-term soaking improper use rough handling improper cleaning solutions and lubricants allowing water to dry onto instruments Soaps to avoid - Answer>> Housekeeping soaps
Laundry soaps Surgeon's hand scrub Iodine based soaps Brown/Orange Stain - Answer>> high pH surface deposit Brown/Orange Stain - Answer>> caused by chlorhexidine usage, improper soaps and detergents, cold sterilization solution, possibly baked on blood, soaking in saline, or using laundry soap Dark Brown/ Black Stains - Answer>> Low ph (less than 6) acid stain Dark Brown/ Black Stains - Answer>> caused by improper detergents and soaps and/or dried blood Bluish Black Stains - Answer>> reverse plating when different metals are ultrasonically processed together Bluish Black Stains - Answer>> exposure to saline, blood, or potassium chloride Multicolor Stains - Answer>> excessive heat by a localized "hot spot" in the processing cycle Light and Dark Spots - Answer>> water spots from allowing instruments to air-dry. With slow evaporation, the minerals (sodium, calcium, and magnesium) are left on the instrument's surface Bluish Gray Stains - Answer>> cold sterilization solution being used outside manufacturer's guidelines Black Stains - Answer>> exposure to ammonia
Key Elevator - Answer>> used to separate muscle from bone Langenbeck Periosteal Elevator - Answer>> used to separate muscle from bone Doyen Elevator Rasp - Answer>> used to scrape tissue and cartilage from ribs Alexander-Farabeuf Periosteotome - Answer>> used to scrape tissue and cartilage form ribs and bones Lebsche Sternum Knife - Answer>> Bailey Rib Contractor - Answer>> Strabismus Scissor - Answer>> Littauer Stitch Scissors - Answer>> Castroviejo Corneal Scissors - Answer>> Sims Uterine Scissors - Answer>> Braun Episiotomy Scissor - Answer>> Caplan Nasal Bone Scissor - Answer>> Cottle Dorsal Scissor - Answer>> Derf Needle Holder - Answer>> Olsen Hegar Needle Holder - Answer>>
Baron Suction tube - Answer>> Allison Lung Retractor - Answer>> Davidson Scapula Retractor - Answer>> Carmalt Forceps - Answer>> Jones Towel Forcep - Answer>> Ferguson Angiotribe - Answer>> Doyen Forcep - Answer>> Bonney Tissue Forcep - Answer>> Potts-Smith Dressing Forcep - Answer>> Jansen Dressing Forcep - Answer>> Lucae Forcep - Answer>> Gerzog Mallet - Answer>> Mead Mallet - Answer>> Langenbeck Periosteal Elevator - Answer>> Lowman Bone Holding Clamp - Answer>> Martin Cartilage Clamp - Answer>> Kern Bone Holding Forceps - Answer>>
Iowa Trumpet Pudendal Needle Guide - Answer>> Novak Uterine Curette - Answer>> Kogan Endocervical Speculum - Answer>> Heaney Hysterectomy Forceps - Answer>> Jacobs Uterine Vulsellum Forcep - Answer>> Schroeder Uterine Tenaculum - Answer>> Gomco clamp - Answer>> Mogen Circumcision Clamp - Answer>> Sheldon Circumcision Clamp - Answer>> Desmarres Chalazion Retractor - Answer>> Jameson Strabismus Hook - Answer>> Castroviejo Eye Speculum - Answer>> Eye Dressing Forcep - Answer>> Iris Tissue Forcep - Answer>> Graefe Fixation Forcep - Answer>> Nail Splitter - Answer>> Nail Nipper - Answer>>
Cleaning - Answer>> The removal of contamination from an item to the extent necessary for further processing or the intended use. Cleaning and thorough rinsing - Answer>> first and most critical step in instrument processing sterilized - Answer>> instruments that have not been properly cleaned cannot be __________ new instruments - Answer>> must be decontaminated before use ultrasonic - Answer>> chrome-plated, ebonized, or plastic instruments should not be cleaned in an ________ thermal disinfection - Answer>> hot water Green Goiter Retractor - Answer>> Spring Wire Retractor - Answer>> Cushing Vein Retractor - Answer>> Murphy Gall Bladder Retractor - Answer>> Sistrunk Retractor - Answer>> Mayo-Collins Retractor - Answer>> Ferguson Gall Stone Scoop - Answer>> Key Biopsy Punches - Answer>>
Billeau Ear Curette - Answer>> Jennings Mouth Gag - Answer>> Tydings Tonsil Snare with Automatic Ratchet - Answer>> Coakley Sinus Curettes - Answer>> Sickle Knife - Answer>> Somers Uterine Elevating Forceps - Answer>> Hulka-Kenwick Uterine Elevating and Manipulating Forceps - Answer>> Thomas Uterine Curette Blunt - Answer>> Kevorkian Endocervical Curette - Answer>> Heaney Uterine Curette - Answer>> Ballentine Hysterectomy Forceps - Answer>> Heaney-Simon Retractor - Answer>> Dee Lee Retractor - Answer>> Murless Head Extractor - Answer>> Capsule Forceps - Answer>> Vannas Scissors - Answer>> Barraquer Eye Speculum - Answer>>
Eyelid Retractor - Answer>> Lacrimal Dilators - Answer>> Enucleation Scissors - Answer>> Cryer Elevator - Answer>> Apical Elevator - Answer>> Henahan Elevator - Answer>> Crane Pick - Answer>> Pennington Hemorrhoidal Forceps - Answer>> Pratt-Smith Hemostatic Forceps - Answer>> Hegar Dilators - Answer>> Hank Dilators - Answer>> Van Buren Urethral Sounds - Answer>> Otis Bougies Dilators - Answer>> Zipser Meatus Clamp - Answer>> LASER - Answer>> Light Amplification of Stimulated Emission of Radiation FFE - Answer>> Flexible fiberoptic endoscopes
Finochietto Rib Spreader - Answer>> Killian Septum Speculum - Answer>> Lewin Bone Forcep - Answer>> Tischler Biopsy Punch - Answer>>