Psychology 300
Social Psychology
Study Guide for Exam 4
TERMS
Note: You should be familiar with the terms and people below and be able to provide a concrete example of
each concept. If two or more terms have a “vs.” between them, you need to be able to differentiate between
those concepts. For any research studies mentioned below, you will need to remind yourself what the
researchers did and what they found.
Relationships & Chapter 11
Stages of Relationship Development
Social Exchange Theory
Equity Theory
Social Penetration Theory
Superficial vs. Emotional Disclosure
Positive Illusions vs. Self-Verification
Negative Affect Reciprocity
Genderlects
Demand/Withdraw Interaction Pattern
Attributional trap
Helping & Chapter 12
Bystander Effect
Kin Protection
Burnstein et al (1994) “helping relatives study”
Reciprocity Norm
Social Responsibility Norm
Egoistic vs. Altruistic Helping
Empathy-Altruism Theory
Negative State Relief Theory
Distraction
Latane & Darley (1968) “noticing smoke study”
Pluralistic Ignorance
Shotland & Straw (1976) “staged fight study”
Diffusion of Responsibility
Incompetence
Direct vs. indirect helping
Cramer et al (1988) “helpful nurse study”
Audience inhibition
Time Pressure
Darley & Batson (1973) “Good Samaritan study”
Belief in a Just World
Religiosity
Moral inclusion
Social exchange theory
Clinical Applications & Chapter 14
“Spiraling”
Depression
Depressive realism
Depressive vs. Optimistic explanatory style
Loneliness
Sociometer hypothesis
Social anxiety
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Self-perception theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Self-presentation
Efficacy training
Michaelangelo phenomenon
Behavioral confirmation
Social support
Illusory correlations
Hindsight bias
Overconfidence
Leading questions
Clinical vs. Statistical prediction
Stress
Primary vs. Secondary appraisal
Weiss (1970) “electric shock” study
Type A vs. Type B personalities
Dispositional Optimism
Stress buffers
Fitness
Brown (1990) “fitness & stress” study
Emotional Disclosure
Social Support
Emotional vs. Esteem vs. Tangible vs. Informational
Berkman & Syme (1979) “support & death” study
