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SPI PREPY EXAM 2025-2026 VERIFIED QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Typology: Exams
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What are the 3 acoustic variables?
pressure, density, distance
Which way do sound waves travel?
In a straight line
What unit is used to measure frequency?
Hz
What is the frequency range that is associated with INFRAsound?
0-20Hz
What is the standard unit of measurement for the power of a sound wave in US imaging?
Watts
Which parameter is primarily influenced by the properties of the medium through which the sound waves propagate?
Propagation Speed
How much would the power of a sound wave increase if its amplitude were doubled?
4X
Recall: Power is directly proportional to the square of its amplitude.
So..2 to the power of 2=
What is the term used to describe the number of pulses transmitted by an ultrasound transducer per unit of time (per second?)
PRF
What parameter should the operator adjust to affect the PRF in an ultrasound exam?
Depth
goes up by 3, then its doubled
How is intensity measured?
W/cm^
What describes the spreading of the sound beam energy at the end of the far field?
Divergence
When using an unfocused continuous wave disc transducer, how does the width of the beam diameter at the end of the near zone compare to the diameter of the transducer face?
Half the size of the transducer
An example of a non specular reflector is?
RBCs
SPL is determined by
Both the source and the medium
Axial resolution is determined by?
SPL , which is a product of the wavelength
Lateral resolution is equal to
beam width
What is lateral resolution?
ability to distinctly identify two structures that are side by side or perpendicular to beam's main axis
What is axial resolution?
ability to distinguish two structures that are close to each other front to back, parallel to, or along the beam's main axis
Which transducer has one circular disc shaped crystal, sector shaped image, mechanical steering, and fixed focusing?
mechanical transducer
What is the process that is preformed in the beam former where the output voltage is varied to decrease the formation of lobe artifacts?
Apodization
What media will have the highest propagation speed?
bone
What optimization technique created an image by combining multiple images created at different frequencies?
frequency compounding
What change in system controls can reduce the appearance of color displayed over vessel walls?
decreasing color priority
The magnitude of the Doppler shift in color Doppler determines:
The color luminance
Increasing the frequency improves?
Axial resolution, lateral resolution, beam width
Resistance to blood flow is primarily controlled by?
The radius of the vessel
Steering is beneficial in 2D and Doppler imaging because?
It allows variation in the incident angle of the ultrasound beam
You are scanning a thyroid gland with a 5cm wide linear transducer and unable to obtain upper and lower poles in one image. Which technique would assist in documenting the entire thyroid gland on a single image? `
Utilize panoramic image
Define Read Magnification.
Post processing; reads original data; number of pixels is unchanged; pixels larger when zoomed in.
Define Write Magnification
Aliasing artifact does not occur with CW doppler because?
CW doppler transducers use 2 separate elements, so they are not limited by pulse echo parameters
Increasing the edge enhancement setting will?
increase image contrast
The spatial pulse length is 4mm. What is the minimum axial resolution?
2mm
Axial resolution is ___________ the SPL
1/
The entire image is too dark, what console adjustment should you make first?
increase the overall gain
As the frequency of a wave doubles, the wavelength will?
Decrease by half
Increasing __________will increase the ability of the system to display fine details on the image
pixel density
What happens to the frame rate when changing from duplex to triplex imaging?
It will decrease
What is the best way to increase beam penetration?
Decrease the frequency
The best obtainable angle of insonation for vascular evaluation that is most commonly used to provide Doppler shift information is ___________ degrees.
60 degrees
Increasing the edge enhancement setting will:
increase image contrast
Axial resolution equals _______of the_________
1/2 SPL
The cine-loop function on the ultrasound system:
Is a type of post-processing
Activating harmonic imaging will result in?
improved contrast resolution; improved lateral resolution
Increasing the transducer frequency on a millihertz trasducer will?
Improve the axial resolution in the near and far field
What will improve lateral resolution on the image?
increase the focal zone number
Decreasing the transducer frequency will ______penetration and ________resolution
increase; decrease
What is an advantage of using a 2d linear phased array over a 1d linear phased array?
The ability to adjust elevation focus and perform 3d images
Increasing the frequency will_______lateral resolution and _______ sound divergence
improve; narrow
Narrow divergence improves?
Lateral resolution
_________pulses improve axial resolution
In A-mode the X axis is?
depth
In A-mode the Y axis is?
amplitude
In B-mode X axis is?
Depth
In B-mode Z axis is?
amplitude
In M-mode, the x-axis represents?
time
In M-mode the y axis represents _______
depth
Increasing the number of pulses in a color packet will?
Increase frame time
What is a difference of pulsed and continuous wave doppler?
CW doppler tracings do not display a spectral window with any flow type.
Define Range Resolution
detecting a doppler shift at a specific depth
CW cannot deterct?
Range resolution; doppler shift
Increasing the frequency improves__________, _____________, and _________.
axial resolution, lateral resolution, beam width
Increasing the edge enhancement setting will:
As frequency increases, the SPL_____
decreases
What is Snells law?
It explains why refraction occurs
What is sine?
a unitless number with a value from 0 to 1
Refraction occurs when?
there is an oblique incidence at different speeds
Can refraction occur with a Normal Incidence?
NO
Define refraction
a change in direction of wave propagation when traveling from one medium to another
Near Field is aka?
Fresnel zone
Far zone is AKA?
Fraunhofer zone
Low frequency = __________divergence
more
Hi frequency = __________divergence
less
Hygens principle is?
why sound beam has its shape
