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SOUTH UNIVERSITY NSG 3036 Introduction to Nursing Research, Exams of Nursing

Northwest UniversityNursing

An overview of key concepts and terms related to nursing research. It covers topics such as evidence-based practice, research ethics, research design, and statistical analysis. The document also includes definitions of important terms such as blinded review, external validity, and informed consent. This resource is useful for nursing students and researchers who are new to the field of nursing research.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 10/10/2023

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SOUTH UNIVERSITY NSG 3036 Introduction to
Nursing Research
1. Blinded - A type of review in which the peer reviewer is
unaware of the author's identity, so personal influence is
avoided.
2. Evidence-based practice guideline - A guide for nursing
practice that is the outcome of an unbiased, exhaustive
review of the research literature, combined with clinical
expert opinion and evaluation of patient preferences. It is
generally developed by a team of experts.
3. Evidence-based practice - The use of the best scientific
evidence, integrated with clinical experience and
incorporating patient values and preferences in the practice
of professional nursing care.
4. External validity - The ability to generalize the findings from a
research study to other populations, places, and situations.
5. Journal club - A formally organized group that meets
periodically to share and critique contemporary research in
nursing, with a goal of both learning about the research
process and finding evidence for practice.
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SOUTH UNIVERSITY NSG 3036 Introduction to

Nursing Research

  1. Blinded - A type of review in which the peer reviewer is unaware of the author's identity, so personal influence is avoided.
  2. Evidence-based practice guideline - A guide for nursing practice that is the outcome of an unbiased, exhaustive review of the research literature, combined with clinical expert opinion and evaluation of patient preferences. It is generally developed by a team of experts.
  3. Evidence-based practice - The use of the best scientific evidence, integrated with clinical experience and incorporating patient values and preferences in the practice of professional nursing care.
  4. External validity - The ability to generalize the findings from a research study to other populations, places, and situations.
  5. Journal club - A formally organized group that meets periodically to share and critique contemporary research in nursing, with a goal of both learning about the research process and finding evidence for practice.

6.. Magnet status - A designation for organizations that have characteristics that make them attractive to nurses as workplaces.

  1. National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) - A federal agency responsible for the support of nursing research by establishing a national research agenda, funding grants and research awards, and providing training.
  2. Nursing process - A systematic process used by nurses to identify and address patient problems; includes the stages of assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation.
  3. Nursing research - A systematic process of inquiry that uses rigorous guidelines to produce unbiased, trustworthy answers to questions about nursing practice. 10.. Outcomes measurement - Measurement of the end results of nursing care or other interventions; stated in terms of effects on patients' physiological condition, satisfaction, or psychosocial health.
  4. Peer review - The process of subjecting research to the appraisal of a neutral third party. Common processes of peer review include selecting research for conferences and evaluating research manuscripts for publication.
  5. Principal investigator - The individual who is primarily responsible for a research study. The principal investigator is responsible for all elements of the study and is the first author listed on publications or presentations.
  6. Quality improvement - The systematic, data-based monitoring and evaluation of organizational processes with the end goal of continuous improvement. The goal of data

effectiveness of an intervention. Subjects are selected and randomly assigned to groups to represent the population of interest.

  1. Longitudinal studies - Studies conducted by following subjects over a period of time, with data collection occurring at prescribed intervals.
  2. Mixed methods - A research approach that combines quantitative and qualitative elements; it involves the description of the measurable state of a phenomenon and the individual's subjective response to it
  3. Paradigm - An overall belief system or way of viewing the nature of reality and the basis of knowledge.
  4. Prospective studies - Studies planned by the researcher for collection of primary data for the specific study and implemented in the future.
  5. Qualitative research - A naturalistic approach to research in which the focus is on understanding the meaning of an experience from the individual's perspective.
  6. Quantitative research - A traditional approach to research in which variables are identified and measured in a reliable and valid way.
  7. Quasi-experimental designs - Studies of cause and effect similar to experimental designs but using convenience samples or existing groups to test interventions.
  8. Retrospective studies - Studies conducted using data that have already been collected about events that have

already happened. Such secondary data were originally collected for a purpose other than the current research.

  1. A priori - Conceived or formulated before an investigation.
  2. Beneficence - A basic principle of ethics that states that persons should have their decisions respected, be protected from harm, and have steps taken to ensure their well-being.
  3. Ethics - A type of philosophy that studies right and wrong
  4. Exempt review - A review of study proposals that pose no risk to subjects; the full institutional review board is not required to participate.
  5. Expedited review - A review of study proposals that pose minimal risk to subjects; one or two institutional review board members participate.
  6. Full disclosure - Reporting as much information about the research as is known at the time without threatening the validity of the study. This practice allows the subject to make an informed decision as to whether to participate.
  7. Full review - A review of study proposals that pose more than minimal risk to subjects, that do not qualify for exempt status, and in which the full institutional review board committee participates.
  8. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - Legislation passed by Congress in 1996, which protects the privacy of personal health information

individuals with cognitive disorders, prisoners, and pregnant women.

  1. Concepts - Abstract ideas or topics of interest that must be narrowed to researchable questions to be investigated.
  2. Deductive - A process of reasoning from the general to the specific.
  3. Directional hypothesis - A one-sided statement of the research question that is interested in only one direction of change.
  4. Hypothesis - A restatement of the research question in a form that can be analyzed statistically for significance.
  5. Inductive - A process of reasoning from specific observations to broader generalizations
  6. Nondirectional hypothesis - A two-sided statement of the research question that is interested in change in any direction.
  7. Null hypothesis - A statement of the research question that declares there is no difference between groups as a result of receiving the intervention or not receiving the intervention.
  8. Problem statements - Statements of the disparity between what is known and what needs to be known and addressed by the research. 52.. Purpose statements - Declarative and objective statements that indicate the general goal of the study and often describe the direction of the inquiry.
  1. Replication study - A study generated from previous research studies in which the research is reproduced to validate findings, increase generalizability, or eliminate or minimize limitations.
  2. Research question - A question that outlines the primary components to be studied and that guides the design and methodology of the study.
  3. Altmetrics - The creation and study of new metrics based on the Social Web for analyzing and informing scholarship.
  4. Bibliometrics - The study of publication patterns.
  5. Boolean operators - The words AND, OR, and NOT, which are used to join or exclude search terms.
  6. Cited reference search - A search that finds articles that are cited by another article.
  7. Empirical literature - Published works that demonstrate how theories apply to individual behavior or observed events.
  8. Information literacy - The competencies necessary to access, retrieve, and analyze research evidence for application to nursing practice.
  9. Journal impact factor - A way to measure the visibility of research by calculating a ratio of current citations of the journal to all citations in the same time period.

based on the secondary author's interpretation of the primary work.

  1. Seminal work - A classic work of research literature that is more than 5 years old and is marked by its uniqueness and contribution to professional knowledge
  2. Subject headings - Fixed "official" keywords used by many databases to describe major concepts and assigned by indexers to bibliographic records.
  3. Systematic review - A highly structured and controlled search of the available literature that minimizes the potential for bias and produces a practice recommendation as an outcome.
  4. Theoretical literature - Published conceptual models, frameworks, and theories that provide a basis for the researcher's belief system and for ways of thinking about the problem studied.
  5. Confirmatory studies - Research in which a relationship between variables has been posed and the study is designed to examine this hypothesis.
  6. Correlation research - Research designed to quantify the strength and the direction of the relationship of two variables in a single subject or the relationship between a single variable in two samples.
  7. Dependent variable - An outcome of interest that occurs after the introduction of an independent variable; the "effect" of "cause and effect."
  1. Descriptive studies - Research designed to describe in detail some process, event, or outcome. Such a design is used when very little is known about the research question.
  2. Descriptive variables - Characteristics that describe the sample and provide a composite picture of the subjects of the study; they are not manipulated or controlled by the researcher.
  3. Exploratory studies - Research to explore and describe a phenomenon of interest and generate new knowledge.
  4. Extraneous variables - Factors that exert an effect on the outcome but that are not part of the planned experiment and may confuse the interpretation of the results.
  5. Independent variable - A factor that is artificially introduced into a study explicitly to measure an expected effect; the "cause" of "cause and effect."
  6. Predictive research - Research designed to search for variables measured at one point in time that may forecast an outcome that is measured at a different point in time.
  7. Research design - The overall approach to or outline of the study that details all the major components of the research.
  8. Convenience sampling - A nonprobability method of selecting a sample that includes subjects who are available conveniently to the researcher.
  9. Ecological validity - A type of external validity where the findings can be generalized and applied to other settings.
  1. Purposeful selection - A technique used in qualitative research in which the subjects are selected because they possess certain characteristics that enhance the credibility of the study.
  2. Random selection - A method of choosing a random sample using mathematical probability to ensure the selection of subjects is completely objective
  3. Sample - A carefully selected subset of the population that reflects the composition of that population.
  4. Sampling error - A number that indicates differences in results found in the sample when compared to the population from which the sample was drawn.
  5. Sampling frame - The potential participants who meet the definition of the population and are accessible to the researcher.
  6. Selection bias - Selecting subjects or assigning them to groups in a way that is not impartial. This type of bias may pose a threat to the validity of the study.
  7. Snowball (referral, respondent-driven) sampling - A non -probability sampling method that relies on referrals from the initial subjects to recruit additional subjects. This method is best used for studies involving subjects who possess sensitive characteristics or who are difficult to find.
  8. Unit of analysis - The definition of the major entity that will be considered a "subject" for analysis