Download Radiology Questions and Answers: Positioning and Projections and more Exams Radiology in PDF only on Docsity!
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Which of the following positions will provide an AP projection of the L5-S interspace? (A) Patient AP with 30 to 35º angle cephalad (B) Patient AP with 30 to 35º angle caudad (C) Patient AP with 0º angle (D) Patient lateral, coned to L5 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) Patient AP with 30 to 35º angle cephalad Which of the following anatomic structures is indicated by the number 2 in Figure 2-7? (A) Talus (B) Medial malleolus (C) Lateral malleolus (D) Lateral tibial condyle (Cornuelle & Gronefeld, pp 193-195) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) Medial malleolus The four major arteries supplying the brain include the
- brachiocephalic artery.
- common carotid arteries.
- vertebral arteries. (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 2 and 3 only
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What process is best seen using a perpendicular CR with the elbow in acute flexion and with the posterior aspect of the humerus adjacent to the image recorder? (A) Coracoid (B) Coronoid (C) Olecranon (D) Glenoid CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) Olecranon What are the positions most commonly employed for a radiographic examination of the sternum?
- Lateral
- RAO
- LAO (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) 1 and 2 only Which of the positions illustrated in Figure 2-1 should be used to demonstrate the cervical apophyseal articulations?
- A
- B
- C
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- raises the ribs.
- depresses the abdominal viscera. (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 2 and 3 only Standard radiographic protocols may be reduced to include two views, at right angles to each other, in which of the following situations? (A) Barium examinations (B) Spine radiography (C) Skull radiography (D) Emergency and trauma radiography CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (D) Emergency and trauma radiography Which of the localization lines seen in Figure 2-35 is used for the SMV (Schüller method) projection of the skull? (A) Line 1 (B) Line 2 (C) Line 3 (D) Line 4 (Saia, p 144) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) Line 3 #3 is the infraorbitomeatal line (IOML)
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Which of the following projections of the abdomen may be used to demonstrate air or fluid levels?
- Dorsal decubitus
- Lateral decubitus
- AP Trendelenburg (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) 1 and 2 only Blowout fractures of the orbit are best demonstrated using the (A) lateral projection of the facial bones. (B) parietoacanthial projection (Waters' method). (C) posteroanterior projection with a 15º caudal angle. (D) Sweet's localization method. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) parietoacanthial projection (Waters' method). Which of the following positions demonstrates all the paranasal sinuses? (A) Parietoacanthial (B) PA axial (C) Lateral (D) True PA CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) Lateral
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(D) acromioclavicular joint separation. (Fig. 2-59) (Ballinger & Frank, vol 1, p 496) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) complete or incomplete rotator cuff tears. The position illustrated in the radiograph in Figure 2-26 may be obtained with the patient
- supine and the central ray angled 30º caudad.
- supine and the central ray angled 30º cephalad.
- prone and the central ray angled 30º cephalad. (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 2 and 3 only (Ballinger & Frank, vol 2, pp 134, 139) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) 2 only Which of the following is demonstrated in a 25º RPO position with the central ray entering 1 in medial to the elevated ASIS? (A) Left sacroiliac joint (B) Right sacroiliac joint (C) Left ilium (D) Right ilium CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) Left sacroiliac joint
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In the posterior oblique position of the cervical spine, the intervertebral foramina that are best seen are those (A) nearest the film. (B) furthest from the film. (C) seen medially. (D) seen inferiorly. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) furthest from the film. The junction of the transverse colon and the descending colon forms the (A) hepatic flexure. (B) splenic flexure. (C) transverse flexure. (D) sigmoid flexure. (Ballinger & Frank, vol 2, p 89) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) splenic flexure. In order to better demonstrate the mandibular rami in the PA position, the (A) skull is obliqued toward the affected side. (B) skull is obliqued away from the affected side. (C) central ray is angled cephalad. (D) central ray is angled caudad. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) central ray is angled cephalad. Inspiration and expiration projections of the chest may be performed to demonstrate
- pneumothorax.
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(C) nonionic water-soluble. (D) gas. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) nonionic water-soluble. The axiolateral position (Law method) of examining the mastoids uses which of the following?
- OML
- MSP parallel to the tabletop
- 15º caudad angulation (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 2 only (D) 2 and 3 only CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (D) 2 and 3 only Which of the following can be used to demonstrate the intercondyloid fossa?
- Patient PA, knee flexed 40º, central ray directed caudad 40º to the popliteal fossa
- Patient AP, cassette under flexed knee, central ray directed cephalad to knee, perpendicular to tibia
- Patient PA, patella parallel to film, heel rotated 5 to 10º lateral, central ray perpendicular to knee joint (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only
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(D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) 1 and 2 only Knee arthrography may be performed to demonstrate a
- torn meniscus.
- Baker's cyst.
- torn rotator cuff. (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) 1 and 2 only Which of the following articulations may be described as diarthrotic?
- Knee
- Intervertebral joints
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 1 and 3 only Which of the following statements are true regarding Figure 2-28?
- The radiograph was made in the RAO position.
- The central ray should enter more inferiorly.
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The structure(s) best demonstrated on an AP axial projection of the skull with the central ray directed 40 to 60º caudally is (are) the (A) entire foramen magnum and the jugular foramina. (B) petrous pyramids. (C) occipital bone. (D) rotundum foramina. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) entire foramen magnum and the jugular foramina. AP stress studies of the ankle may be performed
- to demonstrate fractures of the distal tibia and fibula.
- following inversion or eversion injuries.
- to demonstrate a ligament tear. (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 2 and 3 only In the AP axial projection (Towne method) of the skull, with the central ray directed 30º caudad to the orbitomeatal line (OML) and passing midway between the external auditory meatus, which of the following is best demonstrated? (A) Occipital bone (B) Frontal bone (C) Facial bones
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(D) Basal foramina (Fig. 2-40) (Ballinger & Frank, vol 2, p 270) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) Occipital bone Lateral deviation of the nasal septum may be best demonstrated in the (A) lateral projection. (B) PA axial (Caldwell method) projection. (C) parietoacanthial (Waters' method) projection. (D) AP axial (Grashey / Towne method) projection. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) parietoacanthial (Waters' method) projection. Which of the following structures is (are) located in the LUQ?
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Cecum (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 2 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 1 and 2 only Which of the following equipment is necessary for ERCP?
- A fluoroscopic unit with spot film and tilt table capabilities
- A fiberoptic endoscope
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(D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) 1 and 2 only Which of the following positions is required in order to demonstrate small amounts of fluid in the pleural cavity? (A) Lateral decubitus, affected side up (B) Lateral decubitus, affected side down (C) AP Trendelenburg (D) AP supine CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) Lateral decubitus, affected side down All of the following positions are likely to be employed for both single-contrast and double-contrast examinations of the large bowel except (A) lateral rectum. (B) AP axial rectosigmoid. (C) right and left lateral decubitus abdomen. (D) RAO and LAO abdomen. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) right and left lateral decubitus abdomen. Which of the following are demonstrated in the oblique position of the cervical spine?
- Intervertebral foramina
- Apophyseal joints
- Intervertebral joints (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only
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(C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (A) 1 only The AP axial projection, or "frog leg" position, of the femoral neck places the patient in a supine position with the affected thigh (A) adducted 25º from the horizontal. (B) abducted 25º from the vertical. (C) adducted 40º from the horizontal. (D) abducted 40º from the vertical. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (D) abducted 40º from the vertical. The AP Trendelenburg position is often used during an upper GI examination to demonstrate (A) the duodenal loop. (B) filling of the duodenal bulb. (C) hiatal hernia. (D) hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) hiatal hernia. The advantages of digital subtraction angiography over film angiography include
- greater contrast medium sensitivity.
- immediately available images.
- increased resolution. (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only
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- A ring when performing hand radiography
- An antishock garment
- A pneumatic splint (A) 1 and 2 (B) 1 and 3 (C) 2 and 3 (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) 2 and 3 Which of the following articulations participate(s) in formation of the ankle mortise?
- Talotibial
- Talocalcaneal
- Talofibular (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 3 only (Fig. 2-55) (Ballinger & Frank, vol 1, p 228) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (B) 1 and 3 only To better visualize the knee joint space in the radiograph in Figure 2-29, the radiographer should (A) flex the knee more acutely. (B) flex the knee less acutely. (C) angle the CR 5 to 7º cephalad.
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(D) angle the CR 5 to 7º caudad. (Ballinger & Frank, vol 1, p 293) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) angle the CR 5 to 7º cephalad. Which of the following examinations require(s) special identification markers in addition to the usual patient name and number, date, and side marker?
- IVP
- Tomography
- Abdominal survey (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (D) 1, 2, and 3 Which of the following is a condition in which an occluded blood vessel stops blood flow to a portion of the lungs? (A) Pneumothorax (B) Atelectasis (C) Pulmonary embolism (D) Hypoxia CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (C) Pulmonary embolism In which projection of the foot are the sinus tarsi, cuboid, and tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal best demonstrated? (A) Lateral oblique foot
