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Prenatal genetic counseling, Cheat Sheet of Community Health

Info-graphics and lectures for genetic counseling in community health nursing.

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2020/2021

Uploaded on 12/13/2021

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-Barnedo DJ Lorenne Zoe R.
Prenatal
Genetic
Counselling
Prenatal diagnostic testing involves
testing the fetus before birth
(prenatally) to determine whether the
fetus has certain abnormalities,
including certain hereditary or
spontaneous genetic disorders.
Prenatal diagnostic
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-Barnedo DJ Lorenne Zoe R.

Prenatal

Genetic

Counselling

Prenatal diagnostic testing involves testing the fetus before birth (prenatally) to determine whether the fetus has certain abnormalities, including certain hereditary or spontaneous genetic disorders.

Prenatal diagnostic

Genetic Disorder Genetic disorders are disorders caused by abnormalities in one or more genes or chromosomes. Some genetic disorders are hereditary and others are spontaneous.

  • (^) Hereditary genetic disorders are passed down from generation to generation.
  • (^) Spontaneous genetic disorders
  • (^) Before women become pregnant, they and their partner should speak with their health care practitioner about their risk of having a baby with a genetic disorder.
  • (^) Risk factors include older age in the woman, a family history of genetic abnormalities, a previous baby with a birth defect or miscarriage, and a chromosomal abnormality in one of the prospective parents. Visit (www.acog.org) for more info.

Risk Factors Abnormalities due to several factors Some birth defects, such as cleft lip or palate, result from abnormalities in one or more genes plus exposure to certain other factors, including substances in the environment (called multifactorial inheritance). That is, the abnormal gene makes the fetus more likely to develop a birth defect, but the birth defect usually does not develop unless the fetus is exposed to specific substances, such as certain drugs or alcohol. Many common birth defects, such as heart malformations, are inherited in this way.  (^) Family history: The risk of having a baby with a neural tube defect is increased by having a family member, including the couple’s children, with such a defect (family history). For couples who have had a baby with spina bifida or anencephaly, the risk of having another baby with one of these defects is 2 to 3%. For couples who have had two children with one of these defects, the risk is 5 to 10%. However, about 95% of neural tube defects occur in families without a history of neural tube defects.  (^) Folate deficiency: Risk may also be increased by a diet that is low in folate, a vitamin. Folate supplements help prevent neural tube defects. Therefore, daily folate supplements are now routinely recommended for all women of childbearing age, particularly for pregnant women. Folate is usually included in prenatal vitamins.  (^) Geographic location: Risk also varies based on where a person lives. For example, risk is higher in the United Kingdom than in the United States.  (^) A few neural tube defects result from hereditary abnormalities in a single gene, from chromosomal abnormalities, or from exposure to drugs.

Several factors increase the risk of having a baby

with a chromosomal abnormality:

● (^) Woman’s age ● (^) Family history ● (^) Birth defect in a previous baby ● (^) Previous miscarriages ● (^) Chromosomal abnormality in a prospective parent

Post conception reproductive options

 (^) Pregnancy termination  (^) Transfer care to tertiary center for delivery with more extensive neonatal services

Do you have any concerns?

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik

Thanks!

Does anyone have any questions? djlorennebarnedo@gmail.com