ID’S Ch 1.
Democracy- political system whose leaders are elected in competitive multi-party and multi-candidate
processes, and opposition parties have a fair chance of electing their representatives, elections are held
at regular intervals, and all members of political community are able to express their preferences
Consolidated democracy- political system which is fully democratic and regarded at legitimate
Social cleavages- deep and persistent differences in society such as objective social differences (race,
religion, region) are aligned with subjective awareness of these differences and are organized by political
parties, groups or organizations
State- set of sovereign government institutions which controls a well-defined contiguous territory which
has a single legal code, and the right to use force to implement code
Liberalism- stresses autonomy and dignity of individual, demands more civil liberties, religious freedom,
and the free market (conflict within Church in Spain)
State-building- acquisition of territory and establishing a common set of laws
Iberia- mainland Spain and Portugal
Feudalism- geographically decentralized sociopolitical order in which strongest political authority is
possessed by aristocrats which land
The Cortes- 2 houses of Spain’s present day parliament (congress of deputies and senate) are
collectively referred to as the Cortes Generales
-Cortes of Castile
-Cortes of Aragon
Fueros- charters of privileges and some self government rights that were granted to regions, towns, and
the Church. Expansion of power weakened and abrogated this.
Plurinational States- those who identify themselves as belonging to more than one national group (ex-
Spanish and catalonian)
Pronuncianientos- rebellions against the government by military officers. Do not attempt to set their
own government in place. Just to change current government.
The Generalitat- name of regional government of Catalonia
Latifundia- “brood estates”- huge agricultural properties
Anarchism- rejects all forms of authority: the state, religious leaders, and property owning elites
