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NAME __________________________________________ DATE __________________
SPMD 202 – Human Physiology for Sports Medicine Physiology of Cells Chapter 3
Multiple Choice
______1. The plasma membrane:
A. separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell. B. is a rigid protein membrane. C. regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell. D. has a single layer of phospholipids.
______2. The environment outside of the cell is most appropriately referred to as:
A. intracellular. B. extracellular. C. multicellular. D. centrocellular.
______3. The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane suggests that:
A. cholesterol forms the outermost layer of the membrane. B. proteins form a “liquid” sea in the membrane. C. phospholipids form a single lipid layer in the center of the membrane. D. the membrane is neither rigid nor static in structure.
______4. Plasma membrane phospholipids:
A. have polar (charged) tails. B. form a bilayer. C. have tails that face the exterior of the membrane. D. are 95% cholesterol.
______5. Messenger RNA:
A. is synthesized when a portion of a DNA molecule is transcribed. B. directs the synthesis of DNA. C. determines the sequence of nucleotides in the anticodons of tRNA. D. directs the synthesis of centrioles in the cytoplasm.
______6. The transfer of information from DNA to mRNA is known as:
A. transduction. B. translocation. C. translation. D. transcription.
______7. Which of the following sequences is correct?
A. translation → protein synthesis → transcription B. transcription → translation → protein synthesis C. transcription → protein synthesis → translation D. translation → transcription → protein synthesis
______8. Translation:
A. requires three types of DNA. B. requires the pairing of codons on mRNA with anticodons on tRNA. C. involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA molecules. D. takes place in the nucleus.
______9. A DNA base sequence is A-T-G-C-C-G. The sequence of bases in a strand of mRNA transcribed from this sequence of bases in DNA would be:
A. T-A-C-G-G-C. B. U-T-C-G-G-U. C. U-A-C-G-G-C. D. A-U-G-C-C-G.
______10. Endocytosis:
A. is the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane. B. is a process that requires a carrier molecule but does not use cellullar energy. C. is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formation. D. moves material out of the cell.
______11. Pinocytosis:
A. is a form of exocytosis. B. involves the ingestion of liquids rather than particles. C. does not require ATP. D. forms vesicles only when large amounts of material are being transported.
______18. Which of the following would increase the rate of mediated transport?
A. increase the number of available carrier molecules B. change the shape of the binding site on the carrier molecule C. increase the number of competitive molecules D. fill all binding sites on the carrier molecules
______19. A red blood cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution,
A. gains water. B. loses water. C. neither gains nor loses water.
______20. A particular membrane transport process exhibits saturation, uses carrier molecules, but does not require ATP. The process is probably:
A. active transport. B. facilitated diffusion. C. osmosis. D. pinocytosis.
Alternate Choice
- If I were to put a cell (i.e., a red blood cell) into a hypotonic solution, it would shrink / swell (circle one).
- Diffusion requires / does not require (circle one) energy.
- The building blocks of DNA are called amino acids / nucleotides (circle one).
- Filtration is driven by a concentration / pressure (circle one) gradient.
- Movement of large material into / out of (circle one) cells in vesicles is referred to as endocytosis.
- Substances transported across the plasma membrane by mediated transport tend to be large, lipid- / water- (circle one) soluble molecules.
- Diffusion of water (solvent)across a selectively permeable membrane is referred to as osmosis / filtration (circle one).
- The sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid is called a(n) anticodon / codon (circle one).
- Increasing the concentration of a molecule to be actively transported across a cell membrane beyond the point where the carriers are saturated will / will not (circle one) increase the rate of transport.
- The process where RNA polymerase uses the genetic information to assemble mRNA is transcription / translation (circle one).
- The term anticodon refers to mRNA / tRNA (circle one).
- Movement of a liquid and small particles through a partition with holes is referred to as filtration / osmosis (circle one).
- A hyper- / hypo- (circle one) osmotic solution has a greater concentration of solute.
- The nucleotide sequence, AUG, would be found in a strand of DNA / RNA (circle one).
- Lipid-soluble molecules require / do not require (circle one) a carrier protein to pass through the cell membrane.
Fill-In
- A sequence of three nucleotides in DNA is referred to as a ____________________.
- Movement of a liquid and small particles through a partition with holes, resulting from a pressure difference is called ____________________.
- A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is a chemical set of instructions for making a specific protein is called a(n) ____________________.
- The process by which transfer RNA, which carries amino acids, interacts at the ribosome with messenger RNA to form chains of amino acids is referred to as ____________________.
- The nucleotide that pairs with adenine in RNA is ____________________.
- Transport of large materials into a cell is referred to as ____________________.
- Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is referred to as ____________________.
- The characteristic of mediated transport which describes the degree to which carrier molecules are in use is called ____________________.
Multiple Choice
- C 6. D 11. B 16. B
- B 7. B 12. D 17. B
- D 8. B 13. D 18. A
- B 9. C 14. C 19. B
- A 10. C 15. A 20. B
Alternate Choice
- swell 6. water- 11. tRNA
- does not require 7. osmosis 12. filtration
- nucleotides 8. codon 13. hyper-
- pressure 9. will not 14. RNA
- into 10. transcription 15. do not require
Fill-In
- triplett 6. endocytosis
- filtration 7. diffusion
- gene 8. saturation
- translation
- uracil
