pathophysiology eaq review questions test 1 Q&A, Exams of Pathophysiology

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pathophysiology eaq review questions

test 1 Q&A

a patient develops bilateral lower extremity weakness after a prolonged period of bed rest. which condition has most likely developed - Correct Answers: disuse atrophy a patient has hypertrophy of a muscle. the nurse finds which of the following are increased - Correct Answers: cell size a patient has an asphyxial injury causing oxygen molecules not to reach the blood. the nurse is caring for which patient - Correct Answers: a patient involved with suffocation a nurse is bandaging a tear/rip in the patient's skin that has abraded and irregular edges. the patient has which condition - Correct Answers: a laceration which term does the nurse use to describe a reversible response to a normal condition, such as when the uterus enlarges when pregnant - Correct Answers: adaptation a patient has acetaminophen toxicity. which organ is the priority assessment - Correct Answers: liver which patient does the nurse assess first - Correct Answers: a patient with heat stroke a patient steps on a nail. which type of injury does the nurse report the patient has sustained - Correct Answers: puncture wound a patient has a hypoxic injury. a nurse recalls this type of injury causes damage to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and results in which process - Correct Answers: decreased protein synthesis a nurse teaches the staff about methods to prevent medical errors. which information does the nurse include in the teaching session - Correct Answers: use checklists to ensure completion of tasks which bodily change does the nurse expect in an older patient - Correct Answers: total body potassium levels decrease

a nurse cares for a patient who has hemosiderosis. which lab result does the nurse monitor most closely

• Correct Answers: iron the nurse assessing a patient with a gunshot wound notices fragments of unburned gunpowder forcefully struck the skin and embedded in the epidermis. how does the nurse document this finding - Correct Answers: tattooing a patient has a benign form of a pigmented mole called a nevus. which colors does the nurse expect to see upon assessment of the mole - Correct Answers: brown black a nurse provides care for a patient with an asphyxial injury. the nurse is caring for which patient - Correct Answers: a child who was found in the pool unconscious a nurse teaches about cell injury and death. which themes does the nurse include in the teaching session - Correct Answers: calcium entry alterations protein misfiling defects increased reactive oxygen species which term does the nurse use to describe the condition in which a patient has a loss of muscle mass and strength - Correct Answers: sarcopenia a patient has vascular degeneration from hypoxia. which information does the nurse remember when planning care for this patient - Correct Answers: potassium moves out of the cell an infant has criminal du chat syndrome. the nurse realizes this syndrome is caused by deletion of the short arm in which chromosome - Correct Answers: 5 a patient is homozygous for a recessive trait. how does the nurse document this finding on the punett square - Correct Answers: aa a patient's condition has cells that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes. which term does the nurse use to describe this finding - Correct Answers: aneuploidy

which information indicates the nurse has an accurate understanding of ribonucleic acid (RNA) - Correct Answers: it occurs as a single strand which term does the nurse use to describe the protein that checks the accuracy of the patient's DNA replication - Correct Answers: DNA polymerase a nurse provides care for a child with down syndrome. which type of transmission occurred - Correct Answers: aneuploidy a coworker asked a nurse what the primary constituent of chromatin is. what is the nurse's best response - Correct Answers: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) a nurse reads a pedigree chart and notices a double bar. how does the nurse interpret this finding - Correct Answers: mating of close relatives or consanguinity which information indicates the nurse has a correct understanding of mutations in patients - Correct Answers: mutations are any inherited alteration of genetic material a nurse teaches a group of patients with hereditary disease about deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). which information indicates a correct understanding of the teaching - Correct Answers: DNA is the genetic code for making all the body's proteins a patient has two alleles at a given locus that are the same. how does the nurse report this finding - Correct Answers: the patient is homozygous a nurse describes adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. which subject is the nurse discussing - Correct Answers: rungs of the ladder in DNA a nurse discusses genetics by using the words silent, missense, and nonsense. which pathophysiologic mechanism is the nurse describing - Correct Answers: mutations a nurse discusses the outward appearance of a patient. which term does the nurse use to describe this appearance - Correct Answers: phenotype

ovarian cancer what is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at a specific point in time - Correct Answers: prevalence rate which gene mutations are the most common known causes of inherited breast cancer - Correct Answers: brca brca mouse studies have shown the genes that encode which hormone may play an important role in obesity and weight loss - Correct Answers: leptin which genes are associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes - Correct Answers: mhc ctla ptpn what is the term for risks based on direct observation of data - Correct Answers: empirical risks which lipoprotein gene is responsible for the uptake of circulating low density (ldl) particles - Correct Answers: ldl receptor polymorphism of chromosome 8q24 increases the risk of which types of cancer - Correct Answers: colon cancer prostate cancer pancreatic cancer esophageal cancer why are genetic studies of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder particularly challenging - Correct Answers: the disorders are heterogenous in nature

susceptibility to alcoholism has been connected to genes that encode components of gamma aminobutyric (gaba) receptors. what effect does the gaba system have on a person's mood - Correct Answers: makes the person feel calmer if a pregnant woman uses retinoic acid during her pregnancy, which body parts and systems of the baby will be adversely affected - Correct Answers: ears heart central nervous system which population is most susceptible to developing stomach cancer - Correct Answers: japanese the nurse discusses autoimmunity with the patient. what information will the nurse include about autoimmunity - Correct Answers: there is a genetic component to autoimmune disease a pediatric patient presents with an arthur's reaction in the right upper arm. which allergic incident does the nurse suspect for this reaction - Correct Answers: vaccination what knowledge does the nurse use to care for a patient with primary immune deficiency disorder - Correct Answers: primary immune deficiency is caused by genetic anomaly a nurse prepares a teaching poster about routes of transmission for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). which routes are included - Correct Answers: contact with infected blood breast feeding by an infected mother sexual intercourse with an infected partner which sexually transmitted infection is caused by treponema pallidum - Correct Answers: syphilis a nurse assigned to provide care for a patient notes the patient has an infection that produces endotoxins. which piece of equipment will the nurse obtain to monitor for the clinical manifestation of this type of disease - Correct Answers: thermometer who should be screened for chlamydia - Correct Answers: pregnant women