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Oncology |! certification |! exam |! with |!
verified |! answers
Polypharmacy |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Use |! of |! multiple |! medications |! in |! the |! management |! of |! Cancer |! and/or |! any |! of |! its |! associated |! side |! effects |! includes |! careful |! periodic |! Eval |! of |! the |! whole |! pharmacologic |! picture |! for |! the |! patient Hematopoiesis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Stem |! cell |! (mother |! cell) |! through |! the |! lineage |! of |! the |! development |! of |! the |! cell |! into |! red |! blood |! cells, |! white |! blood |! cells, |! and |! platelets Hematopoiesis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Stem |! cell-multi |! potent |! progenitor, |! committed |! progenitor- |! Mature |! cells Anemia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Occurs |! in |! 30-90% |! of |! Cancer |! patients. |! A |! decrease |! in |! hgb |! concentration, |! as |! well |! as |! a |! decreased |! # |! of |! functioning |! red |! blood |! cells, |! insufficient |! to |! support |! optimal |! levels Pathophys |! of |! anemia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Increased |! destruction |! of |! red |! blood |! cells, |! decreased |! production |! of |! red |! blood |! cells, |! blood |! volume |! loss Causes |! of |! anemia |! in |! cancer |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Multiple |! origins |! such |! as |! frank |! bleeding, |! renal |! insufficiency, |! hemolysis, |! or |! chronic |! anemia. |! Cancer |! may |! directly |! exacerbate |! anemia |! by |! suppression |! of |! hematopoiesis |! or |! by |! cytokine |! production |! that |! kills |! red |! blood |! cells |! prematurely. |! Tumors |! may |!
cause |! chronic |! blood |! loss, |! chemo |! causes |! myelosuppressive |! effects, |! and |! radiation |! can |! cause |! myelosuppression. S/s |! of |! anemia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Decreased |! activity |! tolerance, |! mild |! SOB, |! increased |! fatigue Moderate |! to |! severe |! anemia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Cardio |! effects(murmurs, |! tachycardia,dysthymias, |! postural |! hypotension), |! pulmonary |! effects |! (dyspnea, |! hypoxia, |! tachypnea, |! pulmonary |! edema) |! Genitourinary(h2o |! retention, |! menorrhagia |! or |! amenorrhea, |! impotence |! and |! proteinuria) |! central |! nervous |! system( |! h/a's |! dizziness, |! confusion, |! inability |! to |! concentrate, |! irritability, |! ataxia, |! weakness, |! retinal |! hemorrhage |! and |! loss |! of |! sensation) |! GI |! (indigestion, |! decreased |! motility, |! as |! cites, |! stomatitis, |! hepatosplenomegaly, |! blood |! loss) |! musculoskeletal |! (bone |! pain) |! integumentary |! (pale |! skin, |! poor |! skin |! turgor, |! hair |! loss, |! brittle |! nails, |! ecchymosis, |! poor |! wound |! healing, |! cyanosis |! , |! hyperthermia |! and |! edema Lab |! anemia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔GR |! 1- |! (mild) |! hgb |! 10 GR |! 2 |! (mod) |! hgb |! 8- GR |! 3 |! severe |! hgb |! 6.5- GR |! 4 |! life |! threatening GR |! 5 |! death Mgmt |! of |! anemai |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔RBC |! transfusion Erythropoietic |! therapy
Thrombocytopenia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Platelet |! count |! <150, 1/3 |! of |! platelets |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Stored |! in |! the |! spleen Innate |! response |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Generic |! immune |! response |! to |! antigens Adaptive |! response |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Secondary |! line |! of |! defense |! (T-cell: |! cell |! mediated |! immunity) |! B |! cell: |! Humoral |! immunity) Lymphedema |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Obstruction |! of |! the |! lymphatic |! system, |! causing |! a |! fluid |! collection |! of |! excess |! interstitial |! fluid, |! water |! bacteria, |! and |! cellular |! waste |! in |! the |! interstitial |! spaces Oral |! Mucositis |! (stomatitis) |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Inflammation |! and |! ulceration |! of |! the |! oral |! mucosa Xerostomia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Subjective |! feeling |! of |! dryness |! in |! the |! mouth Cisplatin |! and |! delayed |! CINV |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔80% |! experience CINV |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Common |! with |! Cisplatin, |! carboplatin, |! cyclophosphamide |! and |! anthracyclines
Dysphagia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Difficulty |! swallowing Anorexia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Involuntary |! loss |! of |! interest |! in |! eating |! (80% |! reported |! as |! having |! anorexia |! in |! late |! stages |! of |! cancer) Cachexia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Wasting |! syndrome |! that |! combines |! weight |! loss |! of |! muscle |! and |! protein |! and |! includes |! anorexia, |! nausea |! and |! weakness |! (often |! end |! stage |! disease) Causes |! of |! constipation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Direct |! tumor |! invasion, |! chemo, |! biologic |! response |! modifiers, |! small |! molecular |! inhibitors, |! opioids, |! antinausea |! meds, |! dehydration, |! anorexia, |! inflammatory |! bowel, |! extraluminal |! problems |! (ascites, |! carcinomatosis, |! scarring), |! spinal |! cord |! lesions, |! autonomic |! neuropathy, |! hypercalcemia Radionuclide |! angiotherapy |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Used |! to |! test |! cardiac |! functioning. |! Ejection |! fraction |! <45 |! % |! of |! a |! 5% |! decrease |! from |! baseline |! is |! abnormal Pulmonary |! fibrosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Late |! effect |! of |! thoracic |! radiation |! exposure |! and |! is |! chronic. |! 6-24 |! months |! after |! completion |! of |! therapy Pleural |! effusions |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Accumulations |! of |! excessive |! fluid |! in |! the |! pleural |! space
The |! general |! oncology |! nurses |! role |! in |! genetic |! testing |! includes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Performing |! risk |! assessments |! that |! include |! personal, |! occupational, |! and |! family |! risk |! factors Primarily |! determines |! the |! nursesscope |! of |! practice |! from |! a |! legal |! perspective |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Nursing |! practice |! Act |! in |! their |! state |! of |! residence/licensure According |! to |! the |! WHO |! Analgesic |! ladder |! which |! medication |! should |! be |! avoided |! due |! to |! CNS |! toxicity |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Meperidine |! (Demerol)! Risk |! factors |! for |! cardiac |! tamponade |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Malignancies |! to |! the |! chest |! (lung |! cancer |! and |! mets |! 80% |! of |! cases) |! , |! lymphatic |! dysfunction |! of |! the |! chest, |! HIV, |! hematologic |! malignancies, |! radiation |! therapy, |! chemo |! (high |! dose) |! , |! infections Hypercalcemia |! of |! malignancy |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔High |! risk |!! |! Solid |! tumor |! cancers |! ( |! breast |! and |! squamous |! cell |! lung) |! compromise |! more |! than |! 1/2 |! followed |! by |! MM |!. |! Others |! are |! T |! cell |! lymphoma, |! Hodgkin |! lymphoma |! and |! other |! types |! of |! non |! Hodgkin |! lymphoma. |! Rare |! in |! mets |! to |! the |! bone |! (prostate |! and |! small |! cell |! lung) Type |! of |! oncologic |! pain |! syndrome |! resulting |! in |! tight, |! burning |! pain |! in |! the |! surgical |! site |! with |! dysesthesias |! and |! shock |! like |! pains |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Post |! radical |! neck |! dissection Peripheral |! Neuropathy |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Drugs |! which |! can |! cause: |! Cisplatin, |! vincristine, |! taxanes
Paresthesia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Pins |! and |! needles Hyperesthesia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Abnormal |! increase |! in |! sensitivity |! to |! stimuli |! of |! the |! sense Hypoasthesia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔An |! unusually |! reduced |! sensitivity |! to |! touch Dysesthesia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Painful |! neuro |! stim Chemo |! associated |! with |! PN |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Cisplatin, |! (cumulative-dose |! related, |! majority |! will |! fully |! recover), |! Oxaliplatin |! (pharyngo-laryngo- dyesthesia |! aggravated |! by |! cold, |! dyesthesia |! of |! hands |! and |! feet, |! feeling |! of |! jaw |! tightening, |! feeling |! of |! loss |! of |! breath) |! Taxanes, |! (increases |! with |! cumulative |! doses) |! Vinca |! Alkaloids, |! Proteasome |! Inhibitors |! (velcade) Lhermitte's |! sign |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔"Lightening-like |! sensation" |! r/t |! PN DEXA |! scan |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Specialized |! x-ray |! that |! can |! measure |! bone |! mineral |! density Osteolytic |! lesions |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Common |! in |! MM, |! lung, |! thyroid, |! breast, |! and |! kidney Osteoblastic |! lesions |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Common |! in |! prostate |! and |! breast
Tx |! of |! TTP |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Plasma |! therapy |! (inherited) |! and |! Plasmapharesis |! (acquired) DIC |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Bleeding |! that |! occurs |! simultaneously |! from |! at |! least |! 3 |! unrelated |! sites Syndrome |! of |! Inappropriate |! Antidiuretic |! Hormone |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Endocrine-based |! dysfunction |! causing |! abnormal |! production |! and |! release |! of |! anti |! diuretic |! hormone |! (ADH) |! (arginine |! vasopressin) Causes |! of |! SIADH |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Nervous |! system |! disorders Pulmonary |! disorders |! Drug |! induced |! Neoplasms Systemic |! Inflammatory |! Response |! Syndrome |! (SIRS) |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Is |! the |! systemic |! response |! to |! the |! presence |! of |! an |! infection |! in |! the |! blood.
