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NUR 1290 Midterm Questions and
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4 frameworks of nursing โโ- valuing
- environment
- humanity
- health
sub- concepts of nursing โโ- knowledge
- responsibility
- accountability
- leadership/ management
- research
- professional role
humanity โโunique human being, functioning as an integrated whole, reflecting bio- psycho- socio- spiritual- cultural dimensions
environment โโsum total of all internal and external dimensions that influence human beings
health โโa dynamic state of bio- psycho- spiritual cultural wellbeing
valuing โโhold in high esteem the inherent worth and dignity of all individuals
knowledge โโbased on liberal arts and sciences and incorporates humanity/ environment health/ valuing
responsibility/ accountability โโheld accountable to maintain standards of practice and adhere to code of ethics
Florence Nightingale โโ- Established sanitary nursing care units.
- focus of caring for patients
- keeping statistics
- Founder of modern nursing.
- Began professional education of nursing. (theory and critical practice)
- believed women should question role in society
- nurses must care for the mind and body
- influences the ability to collaborate with other health care professionals
- it is the way a profession appears to others
- it impacts the ability to recruit students
- introduce oneself to other patients, families, colleagues
- NOT simple to explain
- important b/c it influences the attitudes of how others perceive nursing
nurses voice is... โโtypically silent
ANA definition of nursing โโthe protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
Florence Nightingale definition of nursing โโchange of the personal health of somebody and what nursing has to do is put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him
Nursing Responsibilities โโ- perform physical exams and health histories
- provide health promotion and education
- administer medications
- interpret patient information and make critical decisions
- coordinate care with other professionals
- direct and supervise care delivered (delegate to LPN and CNA)
- conduct research
7 essential features of nursing โโ1. caring relationship
- attention to range of human experiences
- integration of assessment data and knowledge
- application of scientific knowledge and use of judgment
- advancement of the profession through scholarly inquiry
- influence on social and public policy to promote social justice
- assurance of safe, quality, evidence based practice
nursing programs โโ- need to understand (conceptualizing)
- classroom + clinical + skills
- clinical experience is critical component
- position provides basic RN care in hospitals & agencies
- More clinical hours than AD or BSN
- Based on Needs of Hospital
Associate Degree in Nursing โโ- Created by Mildred Montag
- Focuses more on technical nursing with fewer liberal arts classes
- NCLEX to get title of RN
Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing โโ- a degree from a 4-year nursing program in a higher education institution
- generic
- accelerated
- LPN to RN
- RN to BSN
- has the greatest number of graduates
- one disadvantage is loss of connection to hospitals and negative impact on clinical experiences
Graduate Education in Nursing โโ-APRN-advance practice registered nurse ex. nurse practitioner
-PHD-more research intensive
-DNP- less research oriented
Nursing education reports โโ- addressed the need for better preparation of nurses to practice
- stated that students should be engaged in learning process
- greater emphasis on clinical experience throughout the curriculum
Issues in Nursing Education โโ-Faculty shortage
-Limited number of clinical placements
- both of these lead to clinical simulation (valuable tool to provide students the opportunity to experience real health care event)
Accreditation โโ- process by which an educational program is evaluated and then recognized as having met certain predetermined standards of education
- ACEN, CCNE, NLN CNEA are programs that conduct accreditation
standard of care โโwritten by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm.
most working nurses โโdo not have a graduate degree
Esther Lucille Brown โโ- a list of accredited schools should be published and distributed
- nursing programs should be operated by universities of higher learning
- programs should be periodically examined
- nursing programs should provide professional education
- nursing education should no longer be an apprenticship
nursing today โโhas become more diverse then in previous decades
professional organizations โโcollectively advocate on behalf of their members and other constituents, publicly representing the core values of the nursing profession to others
Professional Nursing Organizations โโmust include:
- nursing education
- political advocacy
- clinical concerns
regulatory matters
professional area
- have the ability to impact nursing practice, nursing education, health policy, healthcare standards
American Nurses Association (ANA) โโ- Professional organization that represents all registered nurses.
social policy statement
- does not believe nurses should participate in assisted suicide
Social Policy Statement (ANA) โโ- It is about the relationship the social contract between the nursing profession and society and their reciprocal expectations
- knowledge base for nursing practice
- scope of nursing practice
- nurses who want to practice in a country not where they earned their license may contact ICN to learn requirements
National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) โโ- This organization developed the on-going Image of Nursing program designed to improve and protect the image of nursing.
- for students, financed and ran by students
- act as public voice for all nursing students
- major project: recruit and maintain minorities
- enrollment open to students from all programs
National League for Nursing (NLN) โโ- advances excellence in nursing education to prepare nurses to meet the needs of a diverse population in a changing health care environment
- 1893
- provides accreditation to nursing programs- primarily to associate degree programs
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) โโ- National voice for baccalaureate- & higher-degree nursing education programs
- Establishes quality standards for baccalaureate- & graduate-degree nursing education
- assists in implementation of those standards
Benefit of inter professional collaboration โโ- decreased fragmentation of care
- effective use of multiple types of expertise
- decreased replication of services
- increased creative solutions
- provision of motivation
- sharing responsibility
- empowerment of members
critical components of effective teams โโ- communication
- collaboration
- coordination
communication โโ- effective communication takes practice and awareness
-important of organizational culture and relational coordination
- assertivness vs. aggression
- suggestions for improving assertiveness
- allows for improved problem solving
- requires the nurse to be an excellent communicator, have negotiation skills, and engage in conflict resolution
- end result: improved patient care
Politics โโinfluencing the allocation of resources
policy โโa plan to guide action or decisions
Advocacy โโpromoting/ protecting rights, values, access, interests, and equality in health care
public policy โโpolicy formed by government bodies and the regulations written from the policy
social policy โโpolicy decisions that are made to promote the welfare of the public
Affordable Care Act โโ- example of health policy
- An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-existing condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.
state concerns โโ- prohibition of mandatory overtime
- nurse staffing system and ratio
- nursing work force data collection
- nursing education incentives
- ergonomics
- needle stick injury prevention
- nursing quality indicators
- violence in the workplace
- whistleblower protection
public health services โโ- CDC
- NIH (national institutes of health)
- FDA
- Health resources administration (HRA)
- center for medicaid and medicare services
- send emails and phone calls
as an RN โโyou can help shape the public opinion
ANA-PAC โโ- political action committee; support candidates who promote nursing issues
- ANA uses this to affect political process
when you are employed in a government agency... โโ- you are NOT free to engage in any political activity without restrictions
Civil Law โโ- laws concerned with private relations between members of a community
- law dictates behavior between private parties (lawsuit)
common law โโ- law developed primarily from judicial decisions based on custom and precedent, unwritten in statute code, and constituting the basis of the system, a decision
Tort Law โโ- civil wrong that unfairly causes someone else to suffer loss or harm resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the act
- person who commits the act is called tortfeasor
Statutory Law โโ- term used to define written laws
- enacted by legislative body
- a bill proposed in legislature and voted upon
Assult โโ- attempting to or threatening to touch a person without his/ her consent (use physical force)
- EX: threatening a patient if they do not comply
Battery โโ- touching a person without his/ her consent
- EX: carrying out treatment without consent
res ispa loquitur โโ- acts speaks for itself
- EX: principle that the occurrence of an accident implies negligence
false imprisionment โโ- confining a person without his/ her consent
- EX: using unwarranted restraints: physical or chemical
