Download NURS190 PA MIDTERM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2025-2026 | GRADED A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NURS190 PA MIDTERM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| 2025-2026 | GRADED A+
What are the basic techniques of physical assessments? Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation What is the assessment technique for swollen extremities? Palpation Assessment technique for physical assessment of the abdomen of a client that complains of abdominal pain? Palpate the abdominal area last Equipment used during the physical assessment on a client if unable to palpate the pedal pulses Doppler Assessment of skin on lower extremities with several scabs present, what is the most appropriate response by the nurse? Ask, "can you tell me what caused the scabs on your legs?"
Assessment of clients upper back show multiple areas of ecchymosis, what should the nurse ask? "i see some bruising on your back can you tell me about this?" Assessment of an area of inflammation due to localized infection, what is this finding? Erythema Nurse notices client has extremely dry and brittle hair, which question would be most appropriate to ask? "how do you care for your hair?" Physical assessment of an obese client is required to place in supine position. What should the nurse monitor for this client? Respiratory distress Performing physical assessment on a client who is diaphoretic, what does the nurse observe?
Physical assessment of the neck, which pulse point is the nurse assessing? Carotid pulse During the focused interview, the client was asked have you noticed any lumps or swelling on your neck. What is the nurse assessing for? Symptoms Deviation on the head on one side Torticollis Five phases of the nursing process in the appropriate sequence Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation Phase of the nursing process that identify the health care needs of the client Nursing diagnosis Which category would a client's blood pressure 180/110 belong to? Objective data`
Client's mother informs the nurse that her daughter has no been sleeping due to headache and stomach pain. Which category of data would this belong to? Subjective data Tapping the body's surface to produce vibration and sound Percussion What is the 5th vital sign? Pain During a focused interview with a nurse and client it is important to... Interact easily Explain to a client that will receive corrective lenses for myopia... The lenses will help to see objects in the distance
When assessing extra ocular movements, what do you expect? Smooth, coordinated movement of the eyes Normal assessment findings of middle-aged client eyes Yellow-white fatty material around the corneas Blue-eyed young adult sensitive to sunlight Blue eyes are more sensitive to bright sunlight and artificial light Beginning a focused interview for clients vision, what do you ask? Do you wear contacts or glasses? What is anisocoria? Unequal pupil size Eye assessment of older adult, what are normal findings for this age group?
Presbyopia (loss of ability to focus) and dryness of the eyes Normal eye examination findings Sclera is white, eyes moist, and red reflex visible bilaterally Assessment of clients eyes for accommodation response Constriction of the pupils with near vision and convergence of the axes of the eyes Client c/o headache, pressure above the nose, eyes, stuffy nose. Possible diagnoses? Infection or inflammation frontal Older adults report decrease in hearing. What is this caused by? Loss of hair cells- organ of corti Normal findings assessment sinuses No tenderness to palpation or percussion of the sinuses
Oldcart O- onset L- location D- duration C- characteristics A- aggravating factors R- relieving factors T- treatment Ice Ice Compression elevation Asthma A chronic hyperactive condition resulting in bronchospasm, mucosal edema, and increased mucus secretion. This condition usually occurs in response to inhaled irritants or allergens.
Atelectasis A collapsed or impaired inflation of one or more areas of the lung. The alveoli or an entire lung may collapse from airway obstruction, such as a mucus plug, lack of surfactant, or a compressed chest wall Chronic bronchitis Chronic inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree leads to increased mucus production and blocked airways. A productive cough is present. Emphysema A condition in which chronic inflammation of the lungs leads to destruction of alveoli and decreased elasticity of the lungs. As a result, air is trapped and the lungs hyper-inflate. Pleural effusion Fluid accumulation in the pleural space Pneumothorax Condition in which air collects in the pleural space; categorized as traumatic, spontaneous, or tension, and commonly called collapsed lung
or decrease in lung tissue density, which can be caused by diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. How to assess for tactile fremitus To assess for tactile fremitus, ask the patient to say "99" or "blue moon". While the patient is speaking, palpate the chest from one side to the other Placement of stethoscope auscultating apices of the lung Above the clavicles anterior thorax Self-breast examination Extends into the axilla Male breast examination preparation Position client sitting for inspection and position client supine for palpation of the breasts Objective findings - carcinoma male breast
Bloody or clear nipple discharge, nipple inversion, breast lump or thickening of local area, hard nodule fixed to the nipple and underlying tissue S gynecomastia permanent in a teenage boy? (breast enlargement in males) Temporary condition in puberty Breast inspection - "orange peel" Appearance peau d' orange Inflamed skin, red warm edema from blocked lymphatic drainage in advanced cancer causes "orange peel' appearance Which of the following describes the function of the coronary arteries. Transport blood bringing nutrients and oxygen to the myocardial muscle True or false The major functions of the cardiovascular system are transporting nutrients and oxygen to the body removing wastes and carbon dioxide, and maintaining adequate perfusion of organs and tissues.
Select which diseases of the myocardium and pumping capacity of the heart do these findings belong to. Subjective findings: pain in the chest, neck, jaw, or other region. Objective findings: diaphoresis, pallor and vomiting. Myocardial ischemia Myocardial ischemia Ischemia is a common problem where the oxygen needs of the body are heightened, thus increasing the work of the heart Heart failure This condition is the inability of the heart to produce a sufficient pumping effort Select which diseases of the myocardium and pumping capacity of the heart do these findings belong to. Dyspnea, shortness of breath. Objective findings: decreased oxygen saturation, frothy sputum.
Heart failure Myocardial infarction This condition, there is complete disruption of oxygen and nutrient flow to the myocardial tissue in the area below a total occlusion Select which diseases of the myocardium and pumping capacity of the heart do these findings belong to. Subjective findings: pain in the chest, neck, jaw, or other region. Objective findings: diaphoresis, pallor, and vomiting Myocardial infarction Allen's test Determines potency of the radial and ulnar arteries Allen's test procedure
ask pt to place the hands on the knees palms up compress the radial arteries of both wrists with your thumbs
When performing an assessment on a client, the nurse notes the presence of an enlarged epitrochlear lymph node. The nurse anticipates further assessment will reveal Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid, removing any pathogens before the fluid is returned to the bloodstream located on the medial surface of the arm above the elbow drains the ulnar surface of the forearm and the 3rd third, 4th fourth and 5th fifth digits Venous insufficiency Inadequate circulation in the venous system usually due to incompetent valves in deep veins or blood clot in the veins Select which peripheral vascular complication do these abnormal findings belong to. Subjective findings: exacerbation of leg discomfort due to prolonged standing or sitting. Objective findings: edema is usually present, thickening and brown discoloration of skin around the ankles Venous insuffiecency
Varicose veins Veins that become dilated and have a diminished rate of blood flow and increased intravenous pressure. Select which peripheral vascular complication do these abnormal findings belong to. Subjective findings: aching, burning heaviness, tiredness, or pain in legs. Objective findings: distended twisted veins near the skin's surface Varicose veins Deep vein thrombosis Occlusion of a deep vein, such as in the femoral or pelvic circulation by a blood clot Select which peripheral vascular complication do these abnormal findings belong to. Subjective findings: absence of symptoms or the patient may describe intense sharp pain along the iliac vessels in the popliteal space or in the calf muscles. Objective findings: unilateral edema, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat).
