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NURS 320 NURSING RESEARCH FINAL
EXAM 2025 - 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
Which of the following is an example of a clinical nursing research question that a nurse might ask?
A. What is the appropriate course of action when a nurse is faced with a moral dilemma?
B. In what ways do nursing students benefit from a course on evidence-based practice?
C. What factors influence clients' weight gain following a smoking cessation intervention?
D. What percentage of nurses has a master's or doctorate degree?
What factors influence clients' weight gain following a smoking cessation intervention?
In the United States, research has come to play an important role for the nursing profession with respect to:
A. Credentialing and improving nurses' status.
B. Strengthening nurses' bargaining power.
C. Supporting better avenues for advanced degrees.
D. Providing opportunities to serve on important government policy-making boards
A. Credentialing and improving nurses' status.
Which of the following is the purpose of a journal club?
D. A journal club occurs in many practice settings, as an opportunity to share and discuss the new evidence of relevance to clinicians. Journals clubs sometimes involve face-to-face group meetings but also can involve online discussions to accommodate diverse schedules. Participants in a journal club do not develop ideas for a journal article, hear a presentation by a researcher, or get tested on journal article content.
Developing a strong base of evidence for nursing practice aims to best serve...
A. Nursing administrators
B. Practicing nurses
C. Health care policymakers
D. Nurses' clients
D. Nurses' clients
ulcers among ICU clients?" In this question, which of the PICO components is the "incidence of pressure ulcers"?
A. Population
B. Outcome
C. Intervention or influence
D. Comparison
B. Outcome
A nurse begins an evidence-based practice (EBP) endeavor with the following question: "Does alcohol hand sanitizer reduce microbial counts on nurses' hands in surgical ICUs?" In this question, which of the PICO components is hand sanitizer?
A. Outcome
B. Comparison
C. Population
D. Intervention or influence
D. intervention or influence
A nurse begins an evidence-based practice (EBP) endeavor with the following question: "In children aged 8-12 years does suffering from asthma affect the children social development?" In this question, "suffering from asthma" is which of the following PIO components?
A. (I) Influence or exposure
B. (O) outcome
C. (I) Intervention
D. Comparison
E. Population
A. Influence or exposure
An ICU nurse is proposing an evidence-based practice project to a group of fellow nurses. The nurse is explaining the evidence-based practice process. Which of the following is the last step of the evidence- based practice process for individual evidence-based practice efforts?
A. Searching for and acquiring relevant research evidence
B. Evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
C. Applying evidence, integrated with other factors such as client preferences, to clinical practice
D. Asking a clinical question that can be answered with research evidence
E. Appraising and synthesizing the evidence
B. Evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
True or False
False
O=Outcome
Which of the following is a cause-probing research question?
A. Do men exercise more than women?
B. Do people who exercise have better nutritional habits?
C. Does rigorous exercise reduce the risk of obesity?
D. What amount of exercise is optimal for adolescents?
C. Does rigorous exercise reduce the risk of obesity?
"Baccalaureate degree-prepared nurses practice more rehabilitative nursing measures on a client in an ICU than associate degree-prepared nurses"
In the above study hypothesis, what is the dependent variable?
A. Associate degree-prepared nurses
B. Type of educational background of nurses
C. Rehabilitative nursing measures
D. Baccalaureate degree-prepared nurses
C. Rehabilitative nursing measures
In terms of the PICO framework for asking well-worded questions in an evidence search, an independent variable in a quantitative study corresponds to which component?
I=Intervention
During which phase of a quantitative study does the researcher make decisions regarding how many study participants are needed and how they would be recruited?
A. The conceptual phase
B. The design and planning phase
C. The empirical phase
D. The analytic phase
B. The design and planning phase
Which term do quantitative researchers use when referring to people who participate in a study?
D. Hypotheses
D. Hypotheses
"Is the quality of life of nursing home residents affected by their functional ability or hearing acuity?"
In the above research question, what is the dependent variable?
A. Quality of life
B. Hearing acuity
C. Functional ability
D. Nursing home residents
A. Quality of life
Which statement about quantitative research design is true?
A. The generalizability of findings from quantitative studies is not possible.
B. The published research report incorporates the themes and categories that emerge from data analysis.
C. Study protocols for the study design are finalized during the design and planning phase.
D. The design for many quantitative studies emerges and evolves during the course of data collection
C. Study protocols for the study design are finalized during the design and planning phase.
AD
A nurse researcher compared men's and women's levels of anxiety following cardiac surgery and made sure that both groups were comparable with regard to having a history of complications of surgery or anesthesia by excluding all patients with any history of surgical or anesthesia complications. History of surgical or anesthesia complications is which of the following?
A. Confounding variable
B. Independent variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Outcome (O component of the PIO)
E. Intervention/Influence/Exposure (I component of the PIO)
A. Confounding variable
Which of the following sections of a quantitative research report includes a literature review of the research studies that addressed the research problem under study?
there were no significant differences between groups was stress related to issues of Lack of Support."
A. Results section
B. Discussion
C. Method section
D. Introduction
A. Results section
In which section would the following sentence most likely appear?
"The results of this study need to be considered with regard to limitations. The primary limitation is the small sample size, which makes it difficult to generalize the effectiveness of the intervention beyond our population. The sample size may also have made it difficult to detect significant relationships between the intervention and the outcomes of interest. A second limitation is the degree of program utilization. Several nurses in the experiment group did not access the program, thereby diluting observed differences between the experimental and control groups. The reasons why these nurses did not access the program is worthy of further consideration as is exploring ways in which utilization could have been bolstered. It is encouraging, however, that despite the small sample size and limited utilization the results clearly revealed that the intervention had beneficial effects on nurses' perception of stress lending additional support to the findings that programs focusing on personnel support can be an effective workplace stress management approach for nurses (Mimura & Griffiths, 2003). "
A. Method section
B. Results section
C. Introduction
D. Discussion
D. Discussion
In which section would the following sentence most likely appear"
"Study participants were 104 nurses employed either by one of five hospitals included in a suburban Virginia hospital system (n=36) or a large metropolitan hospital in New York (n=68)."
A. Introduction
B. Discussion
C. Results section
D. Method section
D. Method section
Which section of the research report includes information about the level of significance of the study findings?
A. Discussion
B. Introduction
Which of the following is the most effective method for protecting the confidentiality of the study participants?
A. Obtaining informed consent from participants before the study
B. Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
C. Placing all identifying information on computer files rather than manual files
D. Performing a risk/benefit assessment
B. Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
AD
A researcher who is studying interactions among patients in a psychiatric hospital collected data without participants' knowledge and without their consent. This refers to which of the following?
A. Covert data collection
B. Breach of confidentiality
C. Research misconduct
D. Deception
A. Covert data collection
Informed consent is needed in which of the following situations?
A. The researcher pays the participants a stipend
B. Informed consent is always needed
C. Certificate of Confidentiality has been obtained
D. The risk/benefit ratio is low
B. Informed consent is always needed
Which of the following is done to protect the study participants?
A. Performing a risk/benefit assessment to evaluate the cost compared with the benefit of participation.
B. Proposing a study that ultimately benefits society despite the risk to the participants
C. Preventing psychological discomfort during and after the study.
D. Keeping painful procedure information from the study participant until the study is completed.
A. Performing a risk/benefit assessment to evaluate the cost compared with the benefit of participation.
Which of the following refer to the mechanism by which no one including the researcher can link the study participants with the information they provided during data collection?
C. Infants and toddlers
D. Young adults between 19 and 24 years of age
A. Prisoners
B. Pregnant women
C. Infants and toddlers
The Belmont Report articulates which of the following ethical principles? Select all that apply.
A. Anonymity
B. Respect for human dignity
C. Justice
D. Beneficence
B. Respect for human dignity
C. Justice
D. Beneficence
Which of the following are correct statements about Statistical analysis in research? (Select all that apply)
A. "Statistical analysis always support the study hypothesis"
B. "Statistical analysis might lead a researcher to reject a hypothesis."
C. "Statistical analysis allows the formal testing of hypotheses."
B. "Statistical analysis might lead a researcher to reject a hypothesis."
C. "Statistical analysis allows the formal testing of hypotheses."
The hypothesis, "Women who live in rural areas are unlikely to practice breast self-examination" is which of the following?
Testable or nontestable?
Non-testable
"This study aimed to explore the meaning of the experience of receiving a cancer diagnosis" is which of the following?
A. hypothesis
B. statement of purpose
C. portion of a problem statement
D. research question
B. statement of purpose
