Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome
NUR-6400 Advanced Pathophysiology
Dr. Gail Jones
Daniela Crowley, Lisa Floyd & Kayla Gunderson
December 21,-2024
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Pathophysiology, Symptoms, and Mental Health, Slides of Pathophysiology
A comprehensive overview of polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos), a hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It delves into the pathophysiology of pcos, explaining the complex interplay of hormones, insulin resistance, and androgen levels. The document also outlines the various symptoms associated with pcos, including menstrual irregularities, excess androgen symptoms, and metabolic changes. Notably, it highlights the significant impact of pcos on mental health, discussing the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with pcos and the underlying hormonal and psychosocial factors contributing to these conditions. The document emphasizes the importance of early intervention and integrated care for both physical and mental health aspects of pcos.
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Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome
NUR-6400 Advanced Pathophysiology Dr. Gail Jones Daniela Crowley, Lisa Floyd & Kayla Gunderson December 21, 2024
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic Ovaries are numerous cysts filled
with follicles
- Produce immature follicles
- Contain immature eggs
- Failure to trigger ovulation
Lack of Ovulation causes changes in
hormone levels
- Alters estrogen, progesterone, follicle- stimulating hormone, and Luteinizing Hormone.
- High Androgen "male" hormone levels
PCOS Epidemiology
- (^) Affects 8-13% of women in reproduction age
- (^) 70% of women with symptoms go undiagnosed
- (^) Ethnic variations in manifestations and effects differ
- (^) Long-term health problems that affect physical and emotional health without a cure
Symptoms of PCOS
Menstrual Irregularities Excess Androgen Symptoms Metabolic Changes Infrequent periods Heavy Bleeding Missed periods Short luteal phase Excessive facial Hair Male-pattern baldness Increased body hair Acne, Oily skin Insulin resistance High Blood Pressure Weight gain Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Psychological Effects Depression, Anxiety, Low-self-esteem Body image Issues
References
Awonuga, A. O., Camp, O. G., & Abu-Soud, H. M. (2023). A review of nitric oxide and oxidative stress in typical ovulatory women and in the pathogenesis of ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 21, 111. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01159- Dokras, A., Clifton, S., & Futterweit, W. (2018). Increased prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with PCOS. Fertility and Sterility, 109(5), 828–835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.02. Dong, J., & Rees, D. A. (2023). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities. BMJ Medicine, 2, e000548. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmed-2023- Dybciak, P., Raczkiewicz, D., Humeniuk, E., Powrózek, T., Gujski, M., Małecka-Massalska, T., Wdowiak, A., & Bojar, I. (2023). Depression in polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(20), 6446. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm Mukerjee, N. (2020). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Symptoms, causes, and treatments—A review. International Journal of Science and Research, 9(7), 1949–1957. Teede, H. J., Deeks, A. A., & Moran, L. J. (2018). Management of psychological features in PCOS. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 48, 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.06. Witchel, S. F., Oberfield, S. E., & Peña, A. S. (2019). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathophysiology, presentation, and treatment with emphasis on adolescent girls. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 3(8), 1545–1573. https://doi.org/10.1210/js.2019- World Health Organization. (2023, June). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Xu, X. L., Deng, S. L., Lian, Z. X., & Yu, K. (2021). Estrogen receptors in polycystic ovary syndrome. Cells, 10(2), 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells Zehra, B., & Khursheed, A. A. (2018). Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Symptoms, treatment, and diagnosis—A review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(6), 875–880.