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This quiz covers key concepts in pharmacology and prescribing for nurse practitioners, focusing on topics such as drug metabolism, cultural considerations in prescribing, pharmacoeconomics, and medication adherence. It includes multiple-choice questions that assess understanding of drug interactions, patient education, and ethical considerations in prescribing.
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nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by ✔✔the state board of nursing for each state
the benefits to the patient of having an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) prescriber include ✔✔nurses care for the patient from a holistic approach and include the patient in decision making regarding their care
clinical judgment in prescribing includes ✔✔factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed
criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include ✔✔consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
nurse practitioner practice may thrive under health-care reform because of ✔✔the demonstrated ability of nurse practitioners to control costs and improve patient outcomes
cultural factors that must be taken into account when prescribing include ✔✔all of the above
ethnic differences have been found in drug ✔✔hepatic metabolism
the national standards of culturally and linguistically appropriate services are required to be implemented in all ✔✔organizations that receive federal funds
according to the national standards of culturally and linguistically appropriate services, an interpreter for health care ✔✔must be a professionally trained medical interpreter
according to the U.S. office of minority health, poor health outcomes among African Americans are attributed to ✔✔discrimination, cultural barriers, and lack of access to health care
the racial differences in drug pharmacokinetics seen I American Indian or Alaskan Natives are ✔✔largely unknown due to lack of studies of this population
pharmacokinetics among Asians are universal to all the Asian ethnic groups ✔✔False
alterations in drug metabolism among Asians may lead to ✔✔slower metabolism of antidepressants, requiring lower doses
when a pharmacoeconomic analysis looks at two or more treatment alternatives that are considered equal in efficacy and compares the costs of each it is referred to as ✔✔cost- minimization analysis
cost-effectiveness analysis compares two or more treatments or programs that are ✔✔not necessarily therapeutically equivalent
when the cost of a specific treatment or intervention are calculated and then compared with the dollar value of the benefit received it is referred to as ✔✔cost-benefit analysis
Mary has two tiered prescription benefit plan, which means ✔✔she pays a higher copay for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs
prescribing less-expensive generic drugs or drugs off the $4 retail pharmacy list ✔✔increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug cost to the patient
James tells you that he is confused by his Medicare Part D coverage plan. An appropriate intervention would be ✔✔refer him to the Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the benefit to him
the ''donut hole" in Medicare Part D ✔✔refers to the period between when the annual individual drug costs are $2970 and $4750 and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name drugs
research has shown that when patients who are covered by Medicare Part D reach the "donut hole" in coverage they ✔✔Fill their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such as warfarin or a statin
what impact does developmental variation in renal function has on prescribing for infants and children ✔✔lower doses of renally excreted drugs may be prescribed to infants younger than six months
Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological complaints in young women. The first line of drug treatment for this disorder is ✔✔nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Gender differences between men and women in pharmacokinetics include ✔✔higher proportion of body fat so that lipophilic drugs have relatively greater volumes of distribution
The U.S. drug enforcement administration (DEA) ✔✔registers the manufactures of , and those who are prescribers of controlled substances
to improve positive outcomes when prescribing for the elderly the NP should ✔✔assess cognitive functioning in the elderly
Sadie is a 91 year old patient who requires a new prescription. what changes in drug distribution with aging would influence prescribing for Sadie ✔✔decreased plasma proteins
drugs that are absolutely contraindicated in lactating women include ✔✔antineoplastic drugs such as methotrexate
electronic health records (EHRs) ✔✔allow for all patient data to be centralized in one location for access by multiple providers
the U.S. food and drug administration (FDA) regulates ✔✔the official labeling for all prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs
the factor that has the greatest effect on males developing in male sexual characteristic is ✔✔androgen production
Off-label prescribing is ✔✔legal if there is scientific evidence for the use
the health-care delivery system itself can create barriers to adherence to a treatment regime. which of the following system variables creates such a barrier ✔✔increasing copayments for care
Nonadherence is especially common in drugs that treat asymptomatic conditions, such as hypertension. One way to reduce the likelihood of nonadherence to these drugs is to prescribe a drug that: ✔✔Has a tolerability profile with fewer of the adverse effects that are considered "irritating," such as nausea and dizziness
factors in chronic conditions that contribute to nonadherence include ✔✔all of the above
what patient education about their drugs is important, information alone does not necessarily lead to adherence to a drug regime. Patients report greater adherence when ✔✔their concerns and specific area of knowledge deficit were addressed
Elena Vasquez's primary language is Spanish, and she speaks very limited English.
Which technique would be appropriate to use in teaching her about a new drug you have just prescribed ✔✔Use a professional interpreter or a reliable staff member who can act as an