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NSG552 / NSG 552 Exam 2 (Latest 2025 / 2026):
Psychopharmacology | Grade A | Questions and
Answers (Verified Elaborations) 100% Correct –
Wilkes
EXAM 2
Question:
Occurs when a person develops emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to a stressful event or situation; symptoms aren't those of normal bereavement and resolve within 6 months of the stressor
Answer:
Adjustment disorders
Question:
Which of the following class of meds are used as first-line therapy for PTSD?
Answer:
SSRIs (sertraline and duloxetine)
Question:
What do you need to monitor if a patient is on Prazosin?
Answer:
Blood pressure
Question:
Why are benzodiazepines contraindicated in PTSD treatment?
Answer:
They interfere with the psychological processes needed to benefit from CBT: there is a high rate of comorbid SUD w/PTSD and benzodiazepines are highly addictive
Question:
What medications are FDA approved to treat PTSD?
Answer:
Sertraline and Paroxetine
Question:
When would you augment treatment of PTSD with an atypical antipsychotic?
Answer:
Only in SEVERE cases
Question:
What co-occurring disorder do patients with DID typically have?
Question:
What are the suggested treatments for excoriation disorder?
Answer:
Psychotherapy; SSRIs to treat concurrent anxiety/depression; antipsychotics; ansiolytics
Question:
What disorder has the following characteristics: recurrent skin picking that results in lesions despite attempts to stop?
Answer:
excoriation disorder
Question:
What is the suggested treatment for tricholillomania?
Answer:
Psychotherapy; SSRIs for concurrent anxiety/depression; Clomipramine, Atypical antipsychotics (lithium, N-acetylcyteine
Question:
What disorder has the characteristic of recurrent pulling out one's hair despite repeated attempts to stop?
Answer:
Trichotillomania
Question:
What is the suggested treatment for hoarding disorder?
Answer:
CBT specific for hoarding; SSRIs to treat concurrent anxiety/depression
Question:
What disorder has the following characteristics: persistant difficulty discarding possessions regardless of value resulting in accumulation of possessions that compromise living space/ability to function. Person is resistant to treatment
Answer:
Hoarding disorder
Question:
What is the suggested treatment for body dysmorphic disorder?
Answer:
Psychotherapy, SSRIs for concurrent anxiety/depression/OCD
Question:
What disorder has the following characteristics? Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance; spends significant time trying to correct perceived flaws w/makeup, dermatological procedures, or plastic surgery
Answer:
Body dysmorphia disorder
Are there any medications effective in treating dissociative amnesia?
Answer:
No
Question:
What is a sudden unexpected travel away from home accompanied by amnesia for identity or other autobiographical information?
Answer:
Dissociative fugue
Question:
In what disorder is the person unable to remember important personal information, history of traumatic in nature, inconsistent w/ordinary forgetfulness?
Answer:
Dissociative amnesia
Question:
What are some predisposing factors to depersonalization and derealization?
Answer:
Trauma and severe stress
Question:
What is unreality or detachment from ones surroundings
Answer:
derealization
Question:
What is a feeling of unreality or detachment from one's body, thoughts, feeling, or actions?
Answer:
Depersonalization
Question:
What is a lapse in autobigraphical memory?
Answer:
Amnesia
Question:
What is a defense mechanism that protects a person from overwhelming anxiety by emotionally separating A disruption in the integrated sense of self?
Answer:
Dissociation
Question:
What part of the brain is implicated in PTSD that is responsible for memory and learning?
Answer:
Hippocampus
What disorder presents as; binge-eating w/behaviors to counteract weight gain (vomit, laxatives, diuretics, etc), embarrassed by binge eating, overly concerned about body weight, usually maintains normal body weight or may be overweight
Answer:
Bulimia nervosa
Question:
With OTC sedatives/hypnotics- does a tolerance to sedating effects develop rapidly?
Answer:
Yes
Question:
Which phase of sleep is eszopiclone (lunesta) used?
Answer:
Both- onset and maintenance
Question:
What is nonrestorative sleep?
Answer:
Waking up feeling fatigued and unrefreshed
Question:
What is the MOA of Rameltzon (remeron)
Answer:
M1 and M2 agonist (selective melatonin)
Question:
What are non-pharmacologic treatments for sleep apnea?
Answer:
weight loss, avoidance of ETOH, CPAP, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Question:
What are some side effects of Zolpidem (Ambien)?
Answer:
antegrade amnesia, hallucinations, parasomnias (sleep walking and eating), increased fall risk, GI effects
Question:
What are treatments for RLS?
Answer:
Remove offending agent, iron replacement; 1st line= dopamine agonists (pramipexole and ropinirole); Gabapentin/pregabalin, benzos
Question:
What is the MOA of zolpidem?
Answer:
Selectively binds to Omega=1 receptor on GABA-A receptor (responsible for sedation)
Answer:
early morning awakening
Question:
What happens during middle/sleep maintenance insomnia?
Answer:
Frequent nocturnal awakenings
Question:
What is an example of an activating serotonergic agent?
Answer:
Venlafaxine
Question:
In waht disorder do people present with one physical symptom that is present >6 months, believe they are ill, and do not intentionally produce symptoms?
Answer:
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Question:
What is the treatment of anorexia?
Answer:
SSRIs for concurrent depression, alprazolam, and olanzipine, CBT
Question:
What disorder presents with the following: preoccupation w/weight, body image, being thin; 2 types (restricting and binging/purging), intense fear of gaining weight/being fat, restrict calories, low body weight
Answer:
anorexia nervosa
Question:
What medication is contraindicated in eating disorders and why?
Answer:
Bupropion bc it lowers seizure thresholds
Question:
What are some ways to manage narcolepsy?
Answer:
sleep hygiene, daytime naps, no shift work, Modanfinil= 1st line
Question:
What class of medications can help reduce obsessions and severe fearful preoccupations associated with psychosomatic disorders?
Answer:
SSRIs
Question:
Priaprism is commonly associated with which antidepressant commonly used for sleep?
Answer:
Trazadone
Question:
What are recommended treatments for factitious disorder?
Answer:
Collaboration w/PCP, confrontation in a non-threatening manner
Question:
What antidepressants may be used for sedating properties?
Answer:
Amitriptyline, doxepin, mirtazapine, trazadone
Question:
What disorder presents with the following: Falsifying physical and/or psychological signs and symptoms to assume a sick role, absence of external reward, repeated and long hospitalizaitons?
Answer:
Factitious disorder
Question:
Why should flurazepam be avoided in the elderly?
Answer:
long half life/ may cause excessive drowsiness
Question:
What are recommended treatments for illness anxiety disorder
Answer:
SSRIs to treat depression/anxiety, regular visits with PCP, CBT
Question:
What are recommended treatments for conversion disorder?
Answer:
Education about illness; CBT
Question:
What are recommended treatments for somatic symptom disorder
Answer:
regular visits with PCP/ slowly address psychological issues
Question:
What disorder? Preoccupation with having/getting serious illness, somatic symptoms or mild symptoms, persists>/= 6 months, performs excessive health related behaviors?
Answer:
Illness anxiety disorder
Answer:
Benzodiazepines
Question:
Is buspirone (Buspar) a high or low risk for abuse/addiction?
Answer:
low risk
Question:
What are some common non-benzo anxiolytics?
Answer:
buspirone, hydroxyzine, barbituates, propanolol
Question:
If a patient is experiencing SSRI sexual dysfunction what medication is a good alternative?
Answer:
Buspirone
Question:
What are some key things to consider regarding hydroxyzine?
Answer:
wide dosage range b/c it affects people differently, can be sedating, may cause weight gain, may have a paradoxical response, best for patients who are benzo naive
Question:
What is diazepam most often prescribed for?
Answer:
GAD, severe ETOH withdrawal, seizures
Question:
What are the risks of benzo use for the elderly?
Answer:
Increased fall risk, Increased risk of hip fracture
Question:
What is the first-line treatment of chronic anxiety, GAD, and panic disorder and why?
Answer:
SSRIs- treat comorbid depression, lack abuse risk, low risk of side effects
Question:
What medical conditions can precipitate anxiety?
Answer:
COPD, DM, thyroid disease, Seizures
Question:
What is the mechanism of action of buspirone?
