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NSG 500/ NSG500 EXAM 2: (NEW 2025/ 2026 UPDATE) ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT GUIDE| Q&As, Exams of Nursing

Wilkes UniversityNursing

1. What is the normal RR to HR ratio?: 1:4 2. How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?: 2-3 cm 3. Distance person is from chart is what a normal person can see at 20 feet: 20/20 vision 4. Abnormal breath sounds: Crackles Rhonchi Wheezes Friction Rub Mediastinal crunch 5. What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?: Decreased diaphragmatic excursion

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/15/2025

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NSG 500 1 / 39
NSG 500/ NSG500 EXAM 2: (NEW 2025/ 2026
UPDATE) ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT GUIDE|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- WILKES
1. What is the normal RR to HR ratio?: 1:4
2. How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep
breath?: 2-3 cm
3. Distance person is from chart is what a normal person can see
at 20 feet: 20/20 vision
4. Abnormal breath sounds: Crackles
Rhonchi
Wheezes
Friction Rub
Mediastinal crunch
5. What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung
disease?: Decreased diaphragmatic excursion
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Partial preview of the text

Download NSG 500/ NSG500 EXAM 2: (NEW 2025/ 2026 UPDATE) ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT GUIDE| Q&As and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NSG NSG 500 1 /^39

NSG 500/ NSG500 EXAM 2: (NEW 2025/ 2026

UPDATE) ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT GUIDE|

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT

(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- WILKES

  1. What is the normal RR to HR ratio?: 1:
  2. How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?: 2 - 3 cm
  3. Distance person is from chart is what a normal person can see at 20 feet: 20/20 vision
  4. Abnormal breath sounds: Crackles Rhonchi Wheezes Friction Rub Mediastinal crunch
  5. What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?: Decreased diaphragmatic excursion

2 / 39

  1. What are some abnormal findings of aging ears, nose and throat?: Presbycusis Conductive hearing loss
  2. Abnormal findings of aging eyes: Macular degeneration Decreased accommodation Cataracts d/t compressed fibers
  3. What is macular degeneration?: Decreased central vision
  4. How do you detect macular degeneration?: Use Amsler grid
  5. What is decreased accommodation called?: Presbyopia, focusing power 11. What are abnormal findings of aging in HEENT?: Neck pain Crepitus Dizziness Jerkiness Limitation of movement
  6. What are abnormal respirations?: Tachypnea Bradypnea

4 / 39

  1. What are the landmarks of the ear?: Umbo Handle of Malleus Light Reflex Concavity at umbo
  2. What is the relationship between AC and BC sound?: Air- conducted should be 2x as long as bone-conducted.
  3. Altered resonance: bronchophony whispered pectoriloquy egophony
  4. What does an anterior pointed cervix indicate?: Retroverted uterus
  5. What does a prominent lateral pulsation suggest?: Aortic aneurysm
  6. How do you identify an aortic regurgitation murmur?: Heard with diaphragm with pt sitting and leaning forward.
  7. How can you hear an Austin-Flint murmur?: Heard w/ bell at apex
  8. What is an Austin-Flint murmur?: Severe aortic regurge murmur

NSG NSG 500 5 /^39

  1. Where is an ejection click heard?: In the second intercostal space
  2. What is an aortic stenosis murmur?: Ejection sound at second right intercostal border.
  3. Where can an aortic stenosis murmur be heard?: Over the aortic area 28. How to you identify the aortic valve area?: In the second right intercostal space at the right sternal border.
  4. What special tests can help identify appendicitis?: Rebound tenderness Rovsing's sign Iliopsoas sign Obturator's sign Cutaneous hyperesthesia Markle test
  5. What do you inspect when examining nipples?: Shape Color Texture Eversion Retraction/Deviation

NSG NSG 500 7 /^39

  1. What tool do you use to auscultate chest/lungs?: Stethoscope diaphragm 38. How should the patient breath during auscultation?: Slowly and deeply through mouth
  2. What should the patient's position be for auscultation of posterior chest?: head bent forward Arms crossed
  3. What should the patient's position be for auscultation of lateral chest?: Raise arms
  4. What should the patient's position be for auscultation of anterior chest?: Erect w/ shoulders back
  5. Cardiac Auscultation Mnemonic: All Patient Easily Take Medicine
  6. What does the Cardiac Auscultation Mnemonic stand for?: A= Aortic P= Pulmonic E= Erb's Point T= Tric

8 / 39 uspi d M= Mitr al

  1. What position do you put a baby for a otoscopic examination?: Supine or prone
  2. How to perform an otoscopic examination for babies?: Turn head to side Pull auricle down
  3. What are normal findings of otoscope exam for babies?: Tympanic membrane extremely oblique. Light reflex may appear diffuse.
  4. What sounds are best heard with the bell of the stethoscope?: Low-pitched sounds
  5. How do you perform a bimanual digital palpation?: One palm under the right breast Walk fingers of other hand across tissue Feeling for lumps while compressing tissue

10 / 39 Pleural effusion

  1. In pneumothorax, what would shown in abnormal excursion?: Asymmetrical Chest
  2. Pleural effusion: Not enough thoracic pressure to push the fluid to perform excursion over the chest
  3. When would abnormal diaphragmatic excursion be decreased?: Emphysema Massive Ascites Tumor Superficial pain
  4. What is tactile fremitus?: Palpable vibration of the chest wall that results from speech
  5. How do you perform tactile fremitus?: Conducted with palmar surface or both hands and ulnar aspect. Pt says 99 or Mickey Mouse
  6. What can decreased or absent fremitus indicate?: Emphysema Pleural effusion

NSG NSG 500 11 /^39 Bronchial obstruction Excess air COPD = related to alveoli collapse.

  1. What can increased fremitus indicate?: Consolidation Heavy bronchial secretions Compressed lung Fluid in lungs Mass in lungs
  2. Where is fremitus most prominent?: Posteriorly and Laterally at the level of the bifurcation of the bronchi. Between the scapulae and around the sternum, sites where the major bronchi are closest to the chest wall.
  3. Which population shouldn't you percuss during a respiratory exam?: Pediatrics
  4. How do you differentiate between crackles and rhonchi?: Auscultate lungs before and after the patient coughs. Rhonchi clears with coughing.

NSG NSG 500 13 /^39

  1. What does a systolic murmur indicate?: Regurgitation and/or ejection
  2. When is a mitral valve prolapse murmur best heard?: While the patient is changing positions.
  3. What can magnify the sounds of a mitral murmur?: Listening while the patient goes from sitting to standing position.
  4. Explain murmur grade scale: The higher you go, the worse and more severe the murmur.
  5. How can the murmurs of higher grades be heard?: Can be heard with stethoscope off the chest
  6. Murmur, Grade I: barely audible
  7. Murmur, Grade II: quiet, but audible
  8. Murmur, Grade III: moderately loud
  9. Murmur, Grade IV: loud, associated with thrill
  10. Murmur, Grade V: very loud, thrill easily palpable
  11. Murmur, Grade VI: very loud, thrill palpable and visible

14 / 39

  1. Jugular vein distention can indicate what?: Left sided heart failure
  2. What can JVD pulsation indicate?: Back up of venous system seen with right heart failure.
  3. What does back up of venous system in heart indicate?: Edema Venous congest ion Enlarge d liver portal vein
  4. How does S1 and S2 differ?: S2 is shorter and higher pitch.
  5. What is a S3 heart sound.: An adventitious sound
  6. What does an S3 heart sound indicate?: Early sign of heart failure

16 / 39 High cholesterol

  1. What risk increases with the carotid bruit?: Stroke MI
  2. What should provider do when they hear a carotid bruit?: Get an ultrasound to see how blocked the carotids are
  3. Is venous hum normal in children?: No, but it is usually benign.
  4. Does a venous hum have any pathologic significance?: No.
  5. What position can a venous hum in children be heard the best?: Sitting position
  6. What does a venous hum in children indicate?: Turbulence of blood flow in the internal jugular veins
  7. What does venous disease look like?: Warm, thick skin Ulcers found on the medial or lateral aspects of the lower limbs
  8. What are symptoms of venous disease?: Induration Dependent edema Prolonged capillary refill hyperpigmentation

NSG NSG 500 17 /^39

  1. What does arterial disease look like?: Cool, thin skin Necrotic feet/toes
  2. What causes arterial disease?: Damage to arteries due to lack of blood flow to tissue.
  3. What are symptoms of arterial disease?: Pain with activity, relieved at rest 115. What are some symptoms of arterial disease?: Intermittent claudication angina
  4. What temp does raynaud's disease occur?: cold
  5. What temp does arterial disease occur?: Any temperature
  6. How does blood volume change in pregnancy?: Blood volume increases 119. What is the purpose of the bell end of the stethoscope?: Best to hear low pitched sounds (S3 and S4)
  7. What are signs and symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot?: dyspnea with feeding poor growth exercise intolerance cyanosis with crying/agitation paroxysmal dyspnea with loss of consciousness
  8. What symptoms present in older children that have Tetralogy of Fallot?: Clubbing in fingers and toes

NSG NSG 500 19 /^39

  1. Which lumps should be investigated further?: New solitary or dominant masses
  2. What are fibrocystic changes?: Benign fluid filled cysts
  3. What are the characteristics of fibrocystic changes?: Tender Usually bilateral s o f t t o f i r m t e n

20 / 39 s e r o u n d m o b i l e well-delineated borders

  1. Why should you ask a woman c/o breast lumps about their menses?: Fibrocystic changes fluctuate with menses
  2. What are fibroadenomas?: benign, painless tumors.