Download NSG 3280 Exam 2: Skin Conditions and Infections - Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSG 3280 EXAM 2 (Latest 2025 Update)
Questions and Answers (Already GRADED A)
CM of Scabies? Most commonly seen on what parts of the body? Linear rash that goes up. Most common areas:
- arms wrist and webs of the fingers epidermal barrier protein. Chronic genetic defect that causes thickening of skin (lichenficiation) with an environmental irritant. Atopic Dermatitis HSV 1 & 2 Lay? dormant in trigeminal nerve and other ganglia HSV 1 & 2 persist in? Latent form CM of Herpes Simplex Virus begin with burning or tingling sensation followed by pustules, vesicles, and erythema (redness) HSV 1 is located? Face and lips
HSV 2 is located? Genitalia area A pt may describe this as discomfort or low level pain. Herpes Simplex Virus How long is Herpes Simplex Virus is considered 'self limiting' 2 wks; 10-14 days Shingles or chicken pox Herpes Zoster Virus this viral infection lays dormant on the dorsal root ganglia and usually occurs in pt's that have had chicken pox. Herpes Zoster Virus acute localized inflammatory disease of a dermatomal segment of the skin Shingles Patient complains of extreme pain. s/s: unilateral vesicles/ tingling Herpes Zoster Virus
Superficial fungal infection Tinea capitis fungal infection of the scalp Tinea barbae fungal infection of the beard Tinea faciei fungal infection of the face Tinea corporis fungal infection of the trunk Tinea manus and pedis fungal infection of the hand and foot Tinea cruris fungal infection of the groin; jock itch CM of Superficial fungal infection
- lesions w/ dry scaley patches
- erythematous macules/papules or plaques onychomycosis or tinea unguium fungal infection of the nail Etiology of yeast infections Candida albicans Pathology for candida albicans undiagnosed immunodeficiency disorder If a pt is currently using or has used antibiotics what are they at most risk for? Yeast infection treatment for candida albicans oral candidiasis or topical antifungals Candida Albicans can manifest as? mucocutaneous candidiasis (immunocompromised) A bacterial infection that can be spread even if asymptomatic Impetigo
Patho of Seborrheic Dermatitis High oil gland secretion Inherited autoimmune disease; immune system attacks itself. Psoriasis Chronic skin of papules and plaque of 'silvery scales'; prone to bleeding patho of psoriasis Arises when sludging of sebaceous oils; causing obstruction of follicular canal (Accumulation of oil) Acne Vulagris involves sex hormones, heredity, bacterial flora of skin, stress and cosmetic use Acne Vulgaris Can be chronic; excessive dryness and inflammation; most common in children. Atopic Skin Dermatitis patho of Contact dermatitis Exposed to high levels of irritant; sensitive to certain agents If a pt is presenting with contact dermatitis what is the most important nursing intervention
remove the irritant pt is presenting with the following s/s:
- Scaling and redness in areas of high oil concentration
- dandruff
- high oil production not curable only controlled Seborrheic Dermatitis Sebacous cells cause obstruction of follicles; build up of oil Acne vulgaris unknown itiology and can be described as prickling or burning sensation Psoriasis inherited form of internal gene (Chromosome 11) that causes loss of moisture Atopic Dermatitis Can be described as priuritic, dry, scaling lesions with erythema Atopic Dermatitis Diagnostic for contact dermatitis patch test
Ticks only burrow? Their head Lyme disease is endemic to? in an area with white tailed deer three stages of Lyme disease (stage 1) Papules that itch and burn Lyme disease (stage 2) meningitis, CN palsies, and peripheral neuropathy Lyme Disease (stage 3) oligoarticular arthritis if a pt present with a bullseye rash what would this indicate? Lyme disease Eggs Laid in your skin Scabies
Pathogenesis of scabies Eggs are laid by the mite on the stratum corneum and hatch into larvaes in 3-4 days What kind of precautions for a pt with scabies? Contact, gloves and gowns ISOLATION! Sarcoptes scabiei is a? another name for mite pediculosis lice Patho of lice louse bite the skin, eats every 4-6 hrs, females lay eggs (nits) and lives for 30 days Etiology of Lice Contact from surface Feed on human blood bite only seen on the surface lice
How do you as the nurse assess a mole? the ABCDE'S
- A=Asymmetry
- B=Border
- C=Color
- D=Diameter
- E=Evolving The larger and raised a mole is? the more likely it is malignant if a client says "i have ten moles" what is your first step? Assess all 10 moles MOST common Benign Tumors squamous from keratinocytes list other BENIGN tumors
- melanocytes (moles),
- lipomas (Adipose cells),
- hemangiomas
- dermatofibromas
- neuromas
Benign Moles form from melanocytes Benign lipomas form from Adipose tissue Benign Hemangiomes form from Blood vessels Benign dermatofibroma form from fibroblasts Benign Neuormas form from Nerves if you have a tumor develop from reticulocytes is it benign or malignant? What disease can this manifest into? malignant. AKA Kaposi Sarcoma List the steps in the chain of infection infectious agent
Handwashing Eukaryotic Microorganisms; can be superficial, sub q, or systemic. Mostly Opportunistic Fungi Establish themselves with, and benefit from, another organism parasites (pinworms, tapeworms) Inhalation of dust that contains fungus tend to be more serious host's immune system is compromised Systemic Fungi Airborne precautions Hand hygiene
- N95 mask (respirator)
- Gown
- Gloves
- Place pt in a neg. -
- Negative pressure rm (AIIR) Pruritis; causes severe itching; anything that causes an allergic reaction
If a pt is taking a new medication and calls you and says "i have developed a rash." What is your NI? DO NOT tell the pt to stop taking the medicine. Have the pt call their dr and educate the pt that their medication are more likely to change. Why does pruritis occur? release of histamine urticaria itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction (HIVES) Illnesses that we would place on Airborne Precautions?
- Measles
- Varicella (zoster)
- Tuberculosis *Open or weeping lesions Droplet Precautions?
- Surgical Mask
- Fave shield
- Eye covering
- gloves
- gown
What are the steps to the "BUNDLE" Approach proticol? used to decrease HAI:
- hand hygeine
- maximal barrier precautions
- chlorhexidine skin prep
- Catheter site selection
- removal of unnecessary lines Central Line blood stream infections? CLABSIs Bacteremia bacteria in the blood How do we avoid hospital acquired UTI'S if a pt has urinary retention? Three straight caths. Foley is not preferred. If the pt is on an antibiotic and it does not seem to be working what is our next step? We advocate for the pt. Call the physician and try to get a different plan of action. If a pt is on an antibiotic what is the first thing you are going to obtain? A culture. Antibiotics are very specific.
What do we monitor while a pt is on an antibiotic? monitor blood. Antibiotics have a high toxicity level Who are live vaccines contraindicated for? Pt's who are severely immunocompromised (elderly, cancer pt's diabetic or pregnant) Example of live vaccines? MMR For immunocompromised individuals we are going to recommend what kind of vaccine? the flu vaccine *Quadrivalant what s/s labs do we expect with an infection? elevated HR elevated WBC Fever Flu like symptoms What should you monitor for if a pt has diarrhea? C.diff dehydration
