Download NRSG 4665 NEURO & MUSCULOSKELETAL ACTUAL FINAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS & CORRECT REVISED and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NRSG 4665 NEURO & MUSCULOSKELETAL ACTUAL
FINAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS & CORRECT
REVISED SOLUTIONS A + GRADED
What is the most common cause of altered LOC in children? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) What areas does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) measure? - ANSWER>>> Eye opening (1-4) Verbal response (1-5) Motor response (1-6) What is GCS score of 3-8? - ANSWER>>> Severe impairment of LOC What is GCS score of 9-12? - ANSWER>>> Moderate impairment (loss of consciousness) What is GCS score of 13-15? - ANSWER>>> Mild impariment What do we do if a child is - ANSWER>>>
Focus on Consciousness level is measured by what? - ANSWER>>> Glasgow Coma Scale What is confusion? - ANSWER>>> Impaired decision making What is lethargy? - ANSWER>>> Limited movement, sluggishness, drowsiness What is a coma? - ANSWER>>> No motor or verbal response What are S/S of increased ICP? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Bulging fontanels Distended scalp veins Headache Vision changes Posturing Seizures
unconscious ?
AIRWA
Y,
BREATHIN
G, and decreasing ICP
- Elevate HOB 20- 45 degrees
- Treat shock What are seizures? - ANSWER>>> Abnormal discharge in the brain that causes involuntary movement as well as behavior and sensory alterations What are generalized seizures?
- ANSWER>>>
Occurs in both hemispheres of the brain What are focal seizures?
- ANSWER>>>
Occurs in one hemisphere or area of cerebral cortex What are febrile seizures?
- ANSWER>>>
The most common of childhood seizures Results from high fevers Lasts 1 - 2 minutes What is status epilepticus? - ANSWER>>> Continuous seizures that last at least 30
Positive Kernig & Brudzinski Test Kernig sign - ANSWER>>> TEST FOR MENINGITIS
- Knee flexed 90 degrees
- Hip flexed 90 degrees
- Extension of knee is painful/limited Brudzinski sign (^) - ANSWER>>>
TEST FOR
MENINGITIS
Passive flexion of neck elicits hip & knee flexion What are nursing considerations/treatments for meningitis? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Isolation Antibiotics Neurologic checks Measure HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE DAILY What provides a definitive diagnosis of mengingitis? - ANSWER>>> Lumbar puncture What is Guillain- Barre syndrome ?
- ANSWER>>>
Ascendin g weakness that spreads from legs & moves up What are nursing interventi ons for Guillain-
- ANSWER>>>
Te st Fever, vomiting, rapid breathing, spots or rash, bulging fontanelle, seizures
Barre syndrome ? deep tendon reflexes & sensatio n Assess respirato ry status & nutritiona l status Do they have a gag reflex? What is encephalitis? - ANSWER>>> Acute inflammation of the brain caused by viral infection What is our priority for encephalitis? - ANSWER>>> Preventing increased ICP What is Reye Syndrome?
- ANSWER>>> Type of encephalopathy related to ingestion of ASPIRIN during a viral infection How do we treat Reye Syndrome? - ANSWER>>> O2 & mechanical ventilation IV therapy, anticonvulsants, diuretics Hemodialysis (if ammonia is high) Which lab result is diagnosti
- ANSWER>>>
High ammon ia
deficienc y What is a characteristic of spina bifida occulta? - ANSWER>>> Dimple or tuft of hair at base of the spine What is spina bifidia meningocele characterized by? - ANSWER>>> Sac-like cyst filled with spinal fluid that protrudes through the skin What is spina bifida myelomening ocele characterized by? cyst of the meninges, spinal fluid, and spinal cord nerves that protrude through the skin
- ANSWER>>>
Sa c- like What is the FIRST thing you do with a newborn who comes out with spina bifida? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Cover with wet, sterile dressing What is cerebral palsy?
- ANSWER>>>
Permanent disorders of movement and posture development that causes activity limitations caused by brain insult. NOT PROGRESSIVE What are indentificatio ns of cerebral palsy?
- ANSWER>>>
Fail to mee t developmental milestones or failure to suppress primitive reflexes
- Early hypotonia for
first 6 mo- 1 year of life
- Hand preference & weird crawling
- Failure to thrive What is metatarsus adductus? - ANSWER>>> medial deviation of the mid and forefoot, most COMMON congenital foot deformity What do we need to do for clubfoot ?
- ANSWER>>>
Casting IMMEDIATEL Y to correct deformity & reduce complications What is genu varum & genu valgum? - ANSWER>>> Bow legged & knock kneed respectively What might be used to assist the child in a developmental dysplasia of the hip? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Pavlik harness What tests detect developme ntal dysplasia of the hip?
- ANSWER>>>
Alli s & Ortaloni Barlow Maneuver What is a manifestation of developmental dysplasia of the hip? -
What are characteristic signs that may point to muscular dystrophy? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Delayed walking Falls Easily fatigued How do we preserve muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophy? - ANSWER>>>>>>>Steroids Which type of fracture is most common in children? - ANSWER>>> Greenstick What are the 6 P's of extremity assessment?
- ANSWER>>>
Pai n Pallo r Paralysi s Paresthesi a Pulselessne ss Poikilotherm ia What are salter-harris fractures? - ANSWER>>> Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fractures What is the first drug in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? - ANSWER>>> NSAIDs
