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NREMT Exam Review: Key Concepts and Q&A for EMT Certification, Exams of Nursing

National Polytechnic CollegeNursing

A concise review of essential concepts for the nremt (national registry of emergency medical technicians) exam. It covers key topics such as medical direction, protocols, standing orders, and various medical conditions like hepatitis b and c, and tuberculosis. Additionally, it includes definitions of important medical terms related to anatomy, physiology, and emergency procedures, offering a quick reference for emt students and professionals. The document also addresses legal and ethical considerations, such as consent and duty to act, providing a comprehensive overview of the knowledge required for emt practice. It is a useful resource for exam preparation and quick reference in the field, ensuring emts are well-versed in essential medical concepts and procedures. (485 characters)

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/11/2025

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Nurseexcel 🇺🇸

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NREMT - Everything you need to know Exam Review
Questions and Answers
1. MedicalqDirection:qOversightqofqtheqpatient-
careqaspectsqofqanqEMSqsystemqbyqtheqMedicalqDirector.
2. Protocols:qlistsqofqsteps,qsuchqasqassessmentsqandqinterventions,qtoqbeqtakenqinqdifferen
tqsituations.qProtocolsqareqdevelopedqbyqtheqMedicalqDirectorqofqanqEMSqsystem
3. OfflineqDirection:qconsistsqofqstandingqordersqissuedqbyqtheqmedicalqdirectorqthatqallowsqE
MTsqtoqgiveqcertainqmedicationsqorqperformqcertainqproceduresqwithoutqspeakingqtoqtheqmedi
calqdirectorqorqanotherqphysician.
4. OnlineqDirection:qconsistsqofqordersqfromqtheqon-dutyqphysicianqgivenqdirectlyqtoqanqEMT-
Bqinqtheqfieldqbyqradioqorqtelephone.
5. StandingqOrders:qAqpolicyqorqprotocolqissuedqbyqaqMedicalqDirectorqthatqautho-
qrizesqEMT-Bsqandqothersqtoqperformqparticularqskillsqinqcertainqsituations.
6. HEPAqMask:qHighqEfficiencyqParticulateqAirqrespirator;qusedqforqpatientsqwithqsuspecte
dqTB;qwornqbyqtheqEMTqproviderqtoqpreventqairborneqtransmission
7. HepatitisqB:qinfectiousqinflammationqofqtheqliverqcausedqbyqtheqhepatitisqBqvirusq(HBV)qth
atqisqtransmittedqsexuallyqorqbyqexposureqtoqcontaminatedqbloodqorqbodyqfluid
8. HepatitisqC:qinflammationqofqtheqliverqcausedqbyqtheqhepatitisqCqvirus,qtransmittedqbyqexpos
ureqtoqinfectedqbloodq(rarelyqcontractedqsexually)
9. Tuberculosis:qInfectiousqdiseaseqcausedqbyqtheqtubercleqbacillus,qMycobacteriumqtubercul
osis.qMostqcommonlyqaffectsqtheqrespiratoryqsystemqandqcausesqinflamma-
qtionqandqcalcificationqofqtheqsystem.
10. AcuteqStress:qshortqtermq;qfightqorqflightqresponseq;qeffectsqdisappearqquicklyqafterqitqisqover
11. ScopeqofqPractice:qWhatqweqareqallowedqtoqdoqorqtrainedqtoqdo
12. StandardqCare:qtheqdegreeqofqcareqthatqaqreasonablyqprudentqpersonqshouldqexerciseq
underqtheqsameqorqsimilarqcircumstances
13. DutyqtoqAct:qanqobligationqtoqprovideqcareqtoqaqpatient
14. GoodqSamaritan:qaqpersonqwhoqvoluntarilyqoffersqhelpqorqsympathyqinqtimesqofqtrouble
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Download NREMT Exam Review: Key Concepts and Q&A for EMT Certification and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NREMT - Everything you need to know Exam Review

Questions and Answers

  1. MedicalqDirection:q Oversightqofqtheqpatient- careqaspectsqofqanqEMSqsystemqbyqtheqMedicalqDirector.
  2. Protocols:q listsqofqsteps,qsuchqasqassessmentsqandqinterventions,qtoqbeqtakenqinqdifferen tqsituations.qProtocolsqareqdevelopedqbyqtheqMedicalqDirectorqofqanqEMSqsystem
  3. OfflineqDirection:q consistsqofqstandingqordersqissuedqbyqtheqmedicalqdirectorqthatqallowsqE MTsqtoqgiveqcertainqmedicationsqorqperformqcertainqproceduresqwithoutqspeakingqtoqtheqmedi calqdirectorqorqanotherqphysician.
  4. OnlineqDirection:q consistsqofqordersqfromqtheqon-dutyqphysicianqgivenqdirectlyqtoqanqEMT- Bqinqtheqfieldqbyqradioqorqtelephone.
  5. StandingqOrders:q AqpolicyqorqprotocolqissuedqbyqaqMedicalqDirectorqthatqautho- qrizesqEMT-Bsqandqothersqtoqperformqparticularqskillsqinqcertainqsituations.
  6. HEPAqMask:q HighqEfficiencyqParticulateqAirqrespirator;qusedqforqpatientsqwithqsuspecte dqTB;qwornqbyqtheqEMTqproviderqtoqpreventqairborneqtransmission
  7. HepatitisqB:q infectiousqinflammationqofqtheqliverqcausedqbyqtheqhepatitisqBqvirusq(HBV)qth atqisqtransmittedqsexuallyqorqbyqexposureqtoqcontaminatedqbloodqorqbodyqfluid
  8. HepatitisqC:q inflammationqofqtheqliverqcausedqbyqtheqhepatitisqCqvirus,qtransmittedqbyqexpos ureqtoqinfectedqbloodq(rarelyqcontractedqsexually)
  9. Tuberculosis:q Infectiousqdiseaseqcausedqbyqtheqtubercleqbacillus,qMycobacteriumqtubercul osis.qMostqcommonlyqaffectsqtheqrespiratoryqsystemqandqcausesqinflamma- qtionqandqcalcificationqofqtheqsystem.
  10. AcuteqStress:q shortqtermq;qfightqorqflightqresponseq;qeffectsqdisappearqquicklyqafterqitqisqover
  11. ScopeqofqPractice:q Whatqweqareqallowedqtoqdoqorqtrainedqtoqdo
  12. StandardqCare:q theqdegreeqofqcareqthatqaqreasonablyqprudentqpersonqshouldqexerciseq underqtheqsameqorqsimilarqcircumstances
  13. DutyqtoqAct:q anqobligationqtoqprovideqcareqtoqaqpatient
  14. GoodqSamaritan:q aqpersonqwhoqvoluntarilyqoffersqhelpqorqsympathyqinqtimesqofqtrouble
  1. ExpressedqConsent:q Permissionqthatqmustqbeqobtainedqfromqeveryqconscious,qmentallyq competentqadultqbeforeqemergencyqtreatmentqmayqbeqprovided
  2. ImpliedqConsent:q Theqconsentqitqisqpresumedqaqpatientqorqpatient'sqparentqorqgaurdianq wouldqgiveqifqtheyqcould,qsuchqasqforqanqunconsciousqpatientqorqaqparentqwhoqcannotqbeqco ntactedqwhenqcareqisqneeded.
  3. TreatmentqofqaqMinor:q Mustqbeqgivenqbyqlegalqguardian
  4. Involuntary:q Mentallyqincompetentqperson
  5. AdvancedqDirective:q aqlegalqdocumentqpreparedqbyqaqliving,qcompetentqadultqtoqprovideqg uidanceqtoqtheqhealthqcareqteamqifqtheqindividualqshouldqbecomequnableqto
  1. lateral:q Awayqfromqcenterqofqbody
  2. bilateral:q Bothqsides
  3. unilateral:q Oneqside
  4. ipsilateral:q Sameqside
  5. contralateral:q oppositeqside
  1. proximal:q Nearqtheqpointqofqreference
  2. distal:q Farqfromqpointqofqreference
  3. midqclavicular:q theqlineqthroughqtheqcenterqofqtheqclavical
  4. midqaxillary:q lineqdrawnqveritcallyqfromqtheqmiddleqofqtheqarmpitqtoqtheqankle
  5. plantar:q Soleqofqfoot
  6. palmar:q Palmqofqhand
  7. quadrantsqofqtheqabdomen:q Describingqwhereqanqabdominalqorganqorqpainqisqlocatedqisq madeqeasierqbyqdividingqtheqabdomenqintoqfourqimaginaryqquadrants. *Rightqupperqquadrantq(RUQ) *Leftqupperqquadrantq(LUQ) *Rightqlowerqquadrantq(RLQ) *Leftqlowerqquadrantq(LLQ)
  8. vertebrae:q theq 33 qbonesqofqtheqspinalqcolumn
  9. Ribs:q Vertebrosternalq=q'Trueqribs"q-ribsq 1 - 7 qattachqdirectlyqtoqtheqsternumqthroughqtheirqcostalqcartilage.qVertebrochondralq=q"Falseqribs "q=ribsq 8 - 10 qcostalqcartilageqarticulateqindirectlyqwithqtheqsternumbqbyqjoingqtheqcostalqcartilagesqofqrib sqabove.qVertebralqRibsq=q"Floatingqribs"qribsq 11 qandq 12 qnoqanteriorqattachment.
  10. upperqairway:q (Nose,qmouth,qpharynx,qlarynx)FUNCTION:Conductsqairqtoqlow- qerqairwayqProtectsqlowerqairwaysq*Warms,qfiltersq&qhumidifiesqair
  11. lowerqairway:q trachea,qbronchi,qbronchioles,qandqaveoliq(gassesqtravelqthroughqtheqstruc tersqtoqandqfromqtheqblood)
  12. cricoidqcartilage:q theqring-shapedqstructureqthatqformsqtheqlowerqportionqofqtheqlarynx
  13. diaphragm:q muscularqpartitionqthatqseparatesqtheqthoracicqcavityqfromqtheqab- qdominalqcavityqandqaidsqinqrespirationqbyqmovingqupqandqdown
  14. phrenicqnerve:q stimulatesqtheqdiaphragm
  15. edema:q swelling
  16. perfusion:q Theqsupplyqofqoxygenqtoqandqremovalqofqwastesqfromqtheqcellsqandqtissuesqofq theqbodyqasqaqresultqofqtheqflowqofqbloodqthroughqtheqcapillaries.
  17. hypoqperfusion:q Alsoqknownqasqshockq(decreasedqbloodqflowqthroughqanqorgan,qasqinqhypov
  1. epinephrine:q adrenaline;qactivatesqaqsympatheticqnervousqsystemqbyqmakingqtheqheartq beatqfaster,qstoppingqdigestion,qenlargingqpupils,qsendingqsugarqintoqtheqbloodstream,qprep aringqaqbloodqclotqfaster
  2. noepinephrine:q Aqneurotransmitterqfromqnerveqendingsqandqaqhormoneqfromqtheqadrenalqg land.qItqisqreleaseqinqtimesqofqstressqandqisqinvolvedqinqhungerqregulation,qbloodqglucoseqregul ationqandqotherqbodyqprocesses.
  3. alpha1qandqAlpha2:q Alpha1qvesselsqconstrictqandqreleaseqsweatqAlpha2qt ry'sqtoqregulateqalpha
  4. betaq1:q increasesqHR,qinotrophyq(forcedqcontractionqofqheart)qincreasesqelectricalqimpulseq inqheart
  5. betaq2:q relaxesqsmoothqmuscleqsuchqasqbronchiolesqandqsomeqvessels
  6. pulseqpressure:q differenceqbetweenqsystolicqandqdiastolicqpressureqnoqmoreqthanq 25 %
  7. respiration:q ...,qtheqbodilyqprocessqofqinhalationqandqexhalation
  8. pulmonaryqventilation:q ...,qMovementqofqairqintoqandqoutqofqtheqlungs
  9. internalqrespiration:q ...,qexchangeqofqgasesqbetweenqtheqbloodqandqtheqcellsqofqtheqbody
  10. externalqrespiration:q ...,qexchangeqofqgasesqbetweenqtheqlungsqandqtheqblood
  11. cellularqrespiration:q ...,qprocessqthatqreleasesqenergyqbyqbreakingqdownqglucoseqandqotherq foodqmoleculesqinqtheqpresenceqofqoxygen
  12. carina:q ...,qtheqforkqatqtheqlowerqendqofqtheqtracheaqwhereqtheqtwoqmainstemqbronchiq branch.
  13. bronchioles:q ...,qsmallestqbranchesqofqtheqbronchi
  14. pleura:q ...,qmembraneqsurroundingqtheqlungs
  15. visceralqpleura:q ...,qinnerqlayerqofqpleuraqthatqsurroundsqeachqlung
  16. parietalqpleura:q ...,qpleuraqthatqlinesqtheqinnerqchestqwallsqandqcoversqtheqdi-qaphragm
  17. pleuralqspace:q ...,qtheqsmallqpotentialqspaceqbetweenqtheqparietalqandqvisceralqlayersqofq theqpleura
  18. intercostalqmuscles:q ...,qMusclesqwhichqmoveqtheqribqcageqduringqbreathing
  19. signsqofqmildqhypoxia:q TachypneaqDysp nea Paleqcoolqclammyqskinq(qearly)qElevati

onqofqbloodqpressureqAgitation Disorientationqandqconfusionq(qfromqhighqcarbonqdioxideqlevels)qHeadache

  1. signsqofqsevereqhypoxia:q TachypneaqDysp nea

20qbreathsqperqminute

  1. bradypnea:q ...,qslowqrespiratoryqrate,qusuallyqbelowq 10 qrespirationsqperqminute
  2. methodsqofqartificalqventilation:q ...MouthqtoqmaskqTwoqp ersonqbagqvalve Fropvd Oneqpersonqbagqvalve
  3. cricoidqpressure:q ...,qPressureqonqtheqtrachea,qpreventsqairqfromqenteringqtheqesophagu s/stomachqandqvomiting
  1. FROPVD:q ...,qflow-restricted,qoxygen- poweredqventilationqdevice:qaqdeviceqthatqusesqoxygenqunderqpressureqtoqdeliverqartificalqventi lations.qItsqtriggerqisqplacedqsoqthatqtheqrescuerqcanqoperateqitqwhileqstillqusingqbothqhandsqtoq maintainqaqsealqonqtheqfaceqmask.qHasqautomaticqflowqrestrictionqtoqpreventqoverdeliveryqofqo xygenqtoqtheqpatient.
  2. rales:q ...,qabnormalqcracklingqsoundqmadeqduringqinspiration
  3. rhonchi:q ...,qlower- pitchedqsoundsqlikeqsnoringqorqrattling,qsecretionsqinqlargerqairwaysq(pneumonia,qbronchitis,q aspiration)
  4. paradoxusqpulsus:q bloodqpressureqdeclinesqasqoneqinhalesqandqincreasesqasqoneqexhal es
  5. capillaryqrefill:q ...,qtestedqbyqpressingqtheqnailqtipqbrieflyqandqwatchingqforqcolorqchange.q Aqnormalqfindingqisqtheqpinkqtoneqreturnsqimmediatelyqwhenqpressureqisqreleased.qAnqabnorm alqfindingqisqslowq(greaterqthanq 2 qseconds)qreturnqofqpinkqtonewithqrespiratoryqorqcardiovascu larqdiseasesqthatqcauseqhypoxia.
  6. Penetratingqtruma:q Madeqaqcutqthrough
  7. Bluntqforceqtrauma:q Noqcutqbutqinternalqproblem
  8. Hypercapnia:q Tooqmuchqcarbonqdioxide
  9. Flexionqposturing:q (Formerlyqknownqasqdecorticateqposturing).qClientqflexesqoneqorqbot hqarmsqonqtheqchestqandqmayqextendqtheqlegsqstiffly.qIndicatesqnonfunc- qtioningqcortex.qLesionsqofqcerebralqhemispheresqorqinternalqstructuresqofqbrainqcauseqthisqpost uring.
  10. Extensionqposturing:q Aqpostureqinqwhichqtheqptqarchesqtheqbackqandqextendsqtheqarmsqs traightqoutqparallelqtoqtheqbody.qAqsignqofqseriousqheadqinjury
  11. Occluded:q closedqoff
  12. Dyspnea:q difficultqorqlaboredqrespiration
  13. Hypoperfusion:q inadequateqperfusionqalsoqknownqasqshock
  14. Secondaryqassessment:q afterqimmediateqlife-qorqlimb-threateningqinjuries/ill- qnessesqhaveqbeenqidentified,qthisqmoreqthoroughqevaluationqisqperformedqtoqidentifyqmoreqsu btle,qyetqstillqimportant,qinjuries
  15. Physicalqexam,qBaselineqvitals,qHistory:q Threeqmajorqstepsqinqsecondaryqassessme
  1. Pericardialqtamponade:q fillingqofqtheqpericardialqsacqwithqfluid,qwhichqinqturnqlimitsqth eqfillingqandqfunctionqofqtheqheart.
  2. Sputum:q materialqexpelledqfromqtheqlungsqbyqcoughing
  3. WhatqisqPMS:q Pulsesqmo torqfunction Sensation
  4. MOIqfalls:q Adultsq 20 qfeet children/infantsqmoreqthanq 10 qfeetqorq2or3qtimesqtheirqheight
  5. Glasgowqcomaqscale:q Usedqforqheadqtrauma-qScoreq 3 - 15,qbasedqonqEyeqopening,qVerbalqresponseqandqMotorqresponse.
  6. lessqthanq13:q Rapidqtransportq(what'sqtheqnumberqonqtheqGCS)
  7. Brainqherniation:q Increasingqintracranialqpressureqrelatedqtoqtheqpresenceqofqlgqpocket qofqbloodq(hematoma)
  8. Ruq:q containsqmajorityqofqliver,qgallbladder,qsmallqportionqofqpancreas,qrightqkidney,q smallqintestines,qandqcolon.
  9. Luq:q stomachqs pleen leftqlobeqofqliverqbod yqofqpancreasqLqkidn eyqand
  10. Llq:q containsqpartsqofqtheqsmallqandqlargeqintestines,qleftqovary,qleftqfallopianqtube,qlef tqureter
  11. Rlq:q containsqpartsqofqtheqsmallqandqlargeqintestines,qrightqovary,qrightqfallopianqtube,qap pendix,qrightqureter
  12. Sublingual:q beneathqtheqtongue
  13. Oral:q Swallowed
  14. Inhalation:q breathingqin
  15. Intramuscular:q intoqtheqmuscle
  16. Rightqdate,qrightqpatient,qrightqdrug,qrightqdose,qrightqroute:q theq 5 qrights
  17. Shock:q InadequateqtissueqperfusionqAls oqknowqasqhypoperfusion
  1. Typesqofqshock:q HypovolemicqDist ributive CardiogenicqObstructive
  2. Hypovolemicqshock:q shockqcausedqbyqsevereqbloodqorqfluidqloss
  3. Distributiveqshock:q lessqdistributionqofqbloodqtoqareasq=qvenousqpooling,qmostqcommonq inqgeneralqanesthesiaqandqspinalqcordqinjuriesqandqsepticqshockq(bacterial
  1. Apnea:q absenceqofqbreathing
  2. Hypoxia:q deficientqamountqofqoxygenqinqtissueqcells
  3. RespiratoryqDistress:q Indicatesqthatqaqpatientqisqbreathingqbutqisqhavingqtroubleqdoingqso.q Mayqleadqtoqrespiratoryqarrest.
  4. RespiratoryqFailure:q Theqreductionqofqbreathingqtoqtheqpointqwhereqoxygenqintakeqisqn otqsufficientqtoqsupportqlife
  5. Respiratoryqarrest:q Whenqbreathingqcompletelyqstops.
  1. COPD:q chronicqobstructiveqpulmonaryqdisease;qchronicqbronchitisq- qbronchioleqliningqinflamed,qexcessqmucusqformed;qemphysemaq- qwallsqofqalveoliqbreakqdown;qHYPOXICqDRIVEq(notqinqasthma)
  2. Emphysema:q obstructiveqpulmonaryqdiseaseqcharacterizedqbyqoverexpansionqofqtheqalv eoliqwithqair,qwithqdestructiveqchangesqinqtheirqwallsqresultingqinqlossqofqlungqelasticityqandqgasq exchange
  3. Chronicqbronchitis:q obstructiveqpulmonaryqdiseaseqcharacterizedqbyqexces- qsiveqproductionqofqmucusqandqchronicqinflammatoryqchangesqinqtheqbronchi,qresultingqinqaqcou ghqwithqexpectorationqforqatqleastq 3 qmonthsqofqtheqyearqforqmoreqthanq 2 qconsecutiveqyears.
  4. Pneumonia:q acuteqinflammationqandqinfectionqofqalveoli,qwhichqfillqwithqpusqorqproduct sqofqtheqinflammatoryqreaction
  5. Pulmonaryqembolism:q blockageqofqtheqpulmonaryqarteryqbyqforeignqmatterqorqbyqaqbloo dqclot
  6. Acuteqpulmonaryqedema:q occursqwhenqanqexcessiveqamountqofqfluidqcollectsqinqtheqsp acesqbetweenqtheqalveoliqandqcapillaries,qdisturbsqnormalqgasqexchange
  7. Pertussis:q Acuteqinfectiousqdiseaseqcharacterizedqbyqaqcoughqthatqhasqaq"whoop"q sound;qalsoqcalledqwhoopingqcough
  8. Sinoartrialqnode:q locatedqinqthequpperqportionqofqtheq"R"qatrium.qHasqitsqownqrhythm.q Setsqtheqbasicqpaceqforqtheqcardiacqrate.
  9. Atrioventricularqnode:q locatedqinqtheqlowerqwallqofqtheqrightqatrium;qdelaysqimpulses qfromqtheqSAqnodeqtoqallowqtheqatriaqtoqcompletelyqemptyqbeforeqtheqventriclesqcontract
  10. Pulmonaryqarteries:q carryqdeoxygenatedqbloodqoutqofqtheqrightqventricleqandqintoqtheql ungs
  11. Pulmonaryqveins:q deliverqoxygenqrichqbloodqfromqtheqlungsqtoqtheqleftqatrium
  12. Coronaryqarteries:q theqtwoqarteriesqthatqsupplyqbloodqtoqtheqheartqmuscle
  13. Thrombus:q aqbloodqclotqformedqwithinqaqbloodqvesselqandqremainingqattachedqtoqitsqpla ceqofqorigin
  14. Atherosclerosis:q theqmostqcommonqformqofqCVD;qaqdiseaseqcharacterizedqbyqplaquesqa longqtheqinnerqwallsqofqtheqarteries.
  15. Acuteqcoronaryqsyndrome:q suddenqsymptomsqofqinsufficientqbloodqsupplyqtoqtheqheart, qsuddenqsymptomsqofqinsufficientqbloodqsupplyqtoqtheqheartqindicatingqunstableqanginaqorqmy
  1. Aorticqaneurysm:q congenitalqorqdevelopedqweaknessqinqwallqofqlowerqlumbarqregionq(a orta),qballoonsqout,qanteriorqabdominalqwallqpulses,quntreatableqifqruptures
  2. AorticqDissection:q damageqmayqresultqinqfatalqbleeding,qdissectionqisqaqcondi- qtionqwhereqtheqinnerqlayerqofqtheqwallqofqtheqaortaqbeginsqtoqtear;qpatientqmayqcomplainqofqpainqin qtheqchest,qabdomenqorqbackqwillqexhibitqsignsqofqshock
  3. CHF:q CongestiveqHeartqFailureqfailureqofqtheqheartqtoqpumpqbloodqawayqfromqtheqheartqcau singqaccumulationqofqfluidqinqtheqtissuesqandqlungs
  4. Cardiacqarrest:q Theqheartqandqbreathingqstopqsuddenlyqandqwithoutqwarning
  5. Neurologicalqdeficit:q anyqdeficiencyqinqtheqnervousqsystem'sqfunctioning,qtyp- qicallyqexhibitedqasqaqmotor,qsensory,qorqcognitiveqdeficit
  6. Stroke:q Aqmedicalqinjuryqtoqbrainqthatqisqnotqrelatedqtoqtruma
  7. Ischemicqstroke:q theqmostqcommonqkindqofqstroke
  8. Hemorrhagicqstroke:q strokeqcausedqbyqtheqruptureqofqaqbloodqvesselqinqtheqbrain
  9. Thromboticqstroke:q typeqofqstrokeqcausedqbyqaqbloodqclotqblockingqanqarteryqinqtheqbrai n
  10. Embolicqstroke:q aqtypeqofqischemicqstrokeqthatqcausesqaqclotqtoqtravelqtoqtheqbrain,qm ostlyqfromqtheqleftqsideqofqtheqheart
  11. TIA:q transientqischemicqattack;qtemporaryqinterferenceqwithqtheqbloodqsupplyqtoqtheqbrai n
  12. Seizure:q sudden,qtransientqdisturbancesqinqbrainqfunctionqresultingqfromqabnor- qmalqfiringqofqnerveqimpulsesq(mayqorqmayqnotqbeqassociatedqwithqconvulsion)
  13. Epilepsy:q chronicqbrainqdisorderqcharacterizedqbyqrecurrentqseizureqactivity
  14. Statusqepilepticus:q aqconditionqinqwhichqthereqareqcontinuingqattacksqofqepilep- qsyqwithoutqintervalsqofqconsciousness
  15. Grandqmal:q generalizedqtonic- clonicq(itqisqsuddenqcry,qfall,qrigidity,qfollowedqbyqmuscleqjerking;qshallow,qirregularqbreathing;qp ossibleqlossqofqbladderqorqbowelqcontrol;qusuallyqlastsqsecondsqtoqminutes,qfollowedqbyqsomeqc onfusion,qaqperiodqofqsleepq(posticalqlethargy),qandqthenqreturnqtoqfullqconsciousness.
  16. Simpleqpartialqseizures:q beginsqinqoneqareaqcanqmove,qpatientqawareqandqconsciou s,qexpreienceqchangeqinqtaste/smellqcauseqnausea
  17. Complexqpartialqseizure:q impairmentqofqconsciousnessqforqaqfewqminqorqless;qusuallyqh

asqrhythmicqmovementsqofqfaceqorqextremities

  1. Petitqmal:q milderqformqwithqlossqofqconsciousnessqforqaqfewqseconds.qCommonqinqchildr en.qMayqdisappearqbyqlateqadolescence
  2. Febrileqseizure:q convulsionsqbroughtqonqbyqaqfeverqinqinfantsqorqsmallqchildren.qDuringqaqf ebrileqseizure,qaqchildqoftenqlosesqconsciousnessqandqshakes,qmovingqlimbsqonqbothqsidesqofqth eqbody.