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An explanation of rational and irrational numbers, with examples and exercises for identification. Rational numbers are those that can be written as a fraction, including integers, while irrational numbers cannot be expressed as a fraction and have non-repeating decimals.
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Examples: 0. 2 7.16 845 *This is a fraction already! 19.
The Real Number System – includes Rational and Irrational numbers. (This is all the numbers we’ve worked with so far – except “imaginary” numbers, like √−4 .)
Rational – Numbers that can be written as a fraction. These include: Integers, Whole numbers, & Natural or Counting Numbers – basically all numbers except the “weird ones”!!!
How do I read the diagram below???
Ex. Find 0.75. It is a Rational number and a REAL number Ex. Find 0. It is an Integer, but it is also a Rational number and a REAL number. Ex. Find 349. It is a Natural number, but it is also an Integer and Rational and a REAL number. Ex. Find -2√5. It is just an Irrational number and a REAL number. *Note: All numbers (Rational and Irrational) are REAL numbers except…______________________.
Let’s investigate…
What do you notice about all of the numbers in the Irrational circle?
Where do you think “Imaginary” numbers go?
Take all the numbers listed in the Irrational Numbers circle above and record their decimals below. Use your calculator.
IRRATIONAL Numbers:
Radical
4
3
Decimal notation
Irrational numbers _________________ with crazy looking decimals, & we cannot use bar notation. Therefore, we can NOT write them as a __________________.
That means… If we see a number that looks like this: (^) √𝟑 (square root of a non- perfect square) OR like this: 0.8375911485… it is “weird” and IRRATIONAL! We cannot write it using bar notation because it is a non-terminating/non-repeating decimal. *Numbers with bar notation are rational!
All other numbers are “normal” and Rational!
3 4
1 3 2
9 4
Rational Irrational