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Notes on Marx, Gilman, Mill: Social Order, Change, and Gender, Study notes of Introduction to Sociology

These notes discuss the perspectives of marx, gilman, and mill on social order, change, and gender. Marx is identified as a materialist who believes in revolution, while gilman is seen as both materialist and idealist, focusing on ideal beliefs and social diagnosis. Mill and gilman agree that gender classification is in our heads, but differ in their explanations for subordination and their approaches to change.

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Soc 0150
Notes for March 23, 2006
Recorded by Brian Meyer
Marx
-What is essential in recognizing social order?
-Materialist determine evolutionary model of change
-Marx evolutionary model of change overtime…Revolution rather than evolution
-Gilman is evolutionary rather than revolutionary; she is both materialist/idealist
in both senses of the word.
-Where does Gilman show idealism?
-When referring to androcracy rather that being a democracy.
-in the sense that she explains how things should be, “rule by all
people”(democracy)
-Marx b/c he is materialist explains a change will come b/c of free market
-Gilman doesn’t have sense of material change such as Marx.
-Gilman is an idealist using theoretical concepts/social diagnosis to manifest her
ideal beliefs
“By presenting this critique of society/change on ideals, then we can figure out
how to change materially.” Gilman is attempting to change people’s minds. This
is a different concept when compared to Marx epistemology.
Mill/Gilman both say that gender classification is in our heads.
-this is deferent from Engel who says, “that the basis of
subordination/domestication of the female is material due to neutralization of
gender roles. Such as…
-exclusion from social production
-forced inheritance….(capitalistic nature)
-Mills argues that subordination/domestication is based upon lack of quality of
life and freedom of conduct.
-Mills also says that this is caused by male despots and by birth, not based on
merit.
-Based on idea (birth) not material…material is hard to find.
-trying to persuade you that both sexes are already equal but don’t
view it this way b/c of male structure of gender roles.
The material aspect of both Gilman/Engel are missing.
Commonalities:
-Mills must be idealist, but how do we define material aspect?
-Gilman uses functionalist concepts:
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Soc 0150 Notes for March 23, 2006 Recorded by Brian Meyer Marx -What is essential in recognizing social order? -Materialist determine evolutionary model of change

-Marx evolutionary model of change overtime…Revolution rather than evolution

-Gilman is evolutionary rather than revolutionary; she is both materialist/idealist in both senses of the word.

-Where does Gilman show idealism? -When referring to androcracy rather that being a democracy. -in the sense that she explains how things should be, “rule by all people”(democracy)

-Marx b/c he is materialist explains a change will come b/c of free market

-Gilman doesn’t have sense of material change such as Marx. -Gilman is an idealist using theoretical concepts/social diagnosis to manifest her ideal beliefs “By presenting this critique of society/change on ideals, then we can figure out how to change materially.” Gilman is attempting to change people’s minds. This is a different concept when compared to Marx epistemology.

Mill/Gilman both say that gender classification is in our heads. -this is deferent from Engel who says, “that the basis of subordination/domestication of the female is material due to neutralization of gender roles. Such as… -exclusion from social production -forced inheritance….(capitalistic nature) -Mills argues that subordination/domestication is based upon lack of quality of life and freedom of conduct. -Mills also says that this is caused by male despots and by birth, not based on merit. -Based on idea (birth) not material…material is hard to find. -trying to persuade you that both sexes are already equal but don’t view it this way b/c of male structure of gender roles. The material aspect of both Gilman/Engel are missing.

Commonalities:

-Mills must be idealist, but how do we define material aspect?

-Gilman uses functionalist concepts:

-Structure/function -evolutionary model -social system -Gilman recognizes that mind and meaning are independent forces that link society, action, and mind.

Differences:

-Gilman does not attempt to try to explain origins as Marx does, or solidarity, relations or union but attempts to explain their function. -Looks at malign features of industrial life. “we are not the humans we can be” she explains. The creation of the androcentric world with economics means that our development as a species is stunted. This is also true when examining excessive sex distinction.

-her concern is less with order than with fairness and human development.

-this is good when dealing with order but not used properly here.

-Gilman says that reality is socially constructed and also founded on inequitable arrangements of production…Men develop by finding identity through their working profession…but what about women??

General:

-Gilman as a theorist- -she confronts specific problems in social life -describes/analyzes/prescribes changes -macro perspectives -thinks in terms of conditioning social facts -thinks economic life is central…and grants significance to collective ideas. -she bridges both the micro/macro perspectives

Some additional differences:

-she can get personal…relates feminism to society as a whole, she sees this as important to all people. -she makes her points accessible to all by referring to everyday life experiences(this is unlike Marx) -she can be seen as an impressionist

Why is Engels, Mills, and Gilman excluded from canon?

Sociological Theoretical