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advanced electronics circuits
Typology: Exams
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Thermal analysis,an experimental method to determine phase diagrams.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA): mass
^
Differential thermal analysis (DTA): temperature difference
^
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC): heat difference
^
Pressurized TGA (PTGA): mass changes as function of pressure.
^
Thermo mechanical analysis (TMA): deformations and dimension
^
Dilatometry (DIL): volume
^
Evolved gas analysis (EGA): gaseous decomposition products
Often different properties may be measured at the same time:
... Includes several different methods. These are distinguished from one another by the property which
is measured.
Leena Hupa & Daniel Lindberg
A modern TGA - DTA
Heat transfer from crucible to recording
microbalance & thermo elements
platinum
Origin of the TGA-DTA signal
Temperature
, Tp
r
: program temperaturep T
: reference temperaturer = Tc furnace temperatureT
: sample temperatures
Schematic diagram showing the different temperatures in the DTA during a thermal process.
s
Time
Peak onset
Reaction temperature
Origin of the TGA-DTA signal
: program temperaturep Tc
:^
furnace temperature
T
: sample temperatures
Melting point: Indium
Heating rate 50 K / min
t
Time / min
t = Tau lag
T s
Tp
Tc
TGA;
Phenomena causing mass changes
(e.g. oxidation or reactions with reactive
gases)
TGA
2
CaC
O
O
→
CaC
O
→
CaCO
→
CaO
2
2
2
TGA
Absolute confirmation of the decomposition process is possible when the gaseousby products are identified as they evolve, eg. by mass spectrometry (MS).
TG DTG