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LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
- The discipline of computer sci- ence
- Computer sci- ence offers ex- tremely valuable tools that
- Computers ac- cept data input
is introduced through a focus on computers and the hardware and software that make up these evolving systems
if used skillfully, can facilitate the acquisition and manipulation of data and information by healthcare professionals, who can then synthesize these into an evolving knowledge and wisdom base
via a variety of devices, process data through logical and arithmetic rendering, store the data in memory components, and output data and information to the user.
- information age Computer technology has ushered in what has been called the , an age when data, information, and knowledge are both accessible and able to be manipulated by more people than ever before in history.
- electronic information-pro- cessing machine
- input-output sys- tems
a computer is an that serves as a tool to manipulate data and information
The easiest way to begin to understand computers is to realize they are
- input devices -the origin or medium used to input text, visual, audio, or multimedia data into the computer system for viewing, listening, manipulating, creating, or editing -Two primary on a computer are the keyboard and mouse
- Input devices in- clude 1. The keyboard or mouse 2. Joysticks (playing computer games) 3. Game controllers or pads 4. Web cameras 5. A stylus ( tablets or personal digital assistants)
LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
- throughput de- vices 6. Image scanners (for copying a digital image of a document or picture) 7. Other plug-and-play devices, such as a digital camera, digital video recorder, MP3 player, electronic musical instrument, or physiologic monitor.
-Uses specific software, depending on the application and data involved -One key hardware component, the computer monitor, is a unique example because it is the part of the computer focused on the most when users are working on a computer.
- The monitor -is critical for the eflcient rendering during this part of the cycle, because it facilitates user access and control of the data and information.
- Inputted data can be visualized and accessed by
- productivity, cre- ativity, and com- munication soft- ware.
- computer sys-
manipulating the mouse and keyboard, but the monitor receives the user's atten- tion.
Users are able to contribute to the development of knowledge through the use of
Scholars and researchers are just beginning to understand the ettect that tems, archi- tecture, appli- cations, and processes
- World Wide Web interface
have on the potential for knowledge acquisition and development.
Users are able to disseminate knowledge on a grand scale with other users via
- For knowledge to the deluge of information available via computers must be mastered and orga- emerge
- wisdom
nized by the user.
LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
Health informat- ics and infor- mation manage- ment (HIIM)
- contemporay in- formation man- agement
concerned with the timely and accurate and processing of transactional informa- tion. also managing information in all forms and using to full potential
practices rest on three foundational principles
- information asset management IAM
- information management IM
- information governance IG
- Information is an asset of the organization that has strategic value
- Information as- sets of health- care organiza- tion
include primary and secondary medical record data, business operations data, images, personal health records, performance review, and other content in both physical and digital form
- Value of informa- greater trust and greater willingness to make information-informed decisions tion asset
- healthcare orga-
-accrues from use
expanding use of information to improve care to patient populations and improve nizations are now organizational performance
- Principle one information is an asset that must be ettectively managed
- principle two information management is an organization-wide function
- Ensuring value of requires an organization-wide perspective of information management func- information as- set
tions -explicit structures, policies, processes, technology, and controls that taken to- gether describe the discipline of enterprise information management (EIM)
- Healthcare EIM primary and secondary patient data, structured and unstructured, residing in enterprise and departmental systems regar
LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
- information life cycle
- Stage 1 record creation, cap- ture, receipt
- stage 2 record mainte- nance and use
- stage 3. classifi- cation and meta- data
- stage 4. metada- ta
- stage 5. record audit and data controls
dless of media
- billing, patient information, email, personal health record data, employee and contractor information, quality improvement data, health information exchange, etc must be viewed as elements of information asset mosaic and managed
stages
- record creation, capture, receipt
- record maintenance and use
- classification and metadata
- metadata
- record audit and data controls
- record preservation and retention
includes creating, editing, reviewing work in process as well as capture of content (document imaging technology) or receipt of content (through health information exchange)
once records are created they must be maintained, accessible and retrievable -functions, rules and protocols for indexing, searching, retrieving, processing, routing and distributing
classification is critical component of records management. creates, categories or groups of records necessary for access, search, retrieval, retention and disposition of records
generated at various points in the record management lifecycle, providing under- lying data to describe the document, specify access controls and rights, provide retention and disposition instructions and maintain record history and audit trail
functions and processes of record management may include edit checks at data level, decision support tools, identification of class records that require auditing and check for record completeness
LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
- EIM in organiza- tions
- information management in healthcare
information integrity and quality access, security and confidentiality
-will have mechanisms to track who uses data, and how it is used -assess the reliability of information to ensure that it is line with the criticality of these uses -ensure those who view data and information are authorized -understand how long information should be retained and in what form -ensure internal learning system or feedback loop for information management policies and practices are adapting and improving
is grounded in recognition of an individuals right to control the acquisition, use and disclosure of his or her identifiable health data
- security refers to physical, technological, and other tools used to protect identifiable data from warranted access or disclosure
- privacy and secu- often framed narrowly as HIPAA compliance rather than broadly as a critical aspect rity programs
- failure to im- plement sound practices
of information asset management.
result in damage to reputation of organization, employees, and aflliates and compromise trust of patient, stakeholders, and communities. result in monetary damages and diminish the value of information asset
- Building blocks in access security and confidentiality
EIM information integrity and quality information design and capture content records management information analysis use and exchange information governance
LSUS MHA 705 Healthcare Informatics PowerPoints and
readings Exam 2 Practice 2024- 2025 Guide
access security ensure personal health information and business information are available only and confidentiali- to authorized persons and used only for authorized purposes ty
- information in- tegrity and quali- ty
- information de- sign and capture
- content records management
- information analysis use and exchange
- information gov- ernance
- information in- tegrity is nev- er easily man- aged because of the range of fac- tors that must be
security risks and vulnerabilities are proactively managed
continuously improve value and trustworthiness of the information asset by en- suring that data and content are valid accurate reliable up to date and fit for use
continuously improve standards based policies and practices for data capture and clinical documentation that supports the full range of uses and enable interoperability, exchange, and linkage
continuously improve methods corporate and health records and data content are maintained across life cycle and regardless of media to ensure compliance with regulatory, accreditation, and legal best practices ensure content is being reviewed, classified, retained, and disposed of according to policy and practices, that reflect standards, regulation and law address specific protocols for records involved in litigation
align data and content requirements and availability to the needs of those who rely on information for range of clinical and business use and ensure those who must act on information have the requisite tools and skills to use it ettectively
ensure leadership and organizational practices, resources, controls for ettective, compliant and ethical stewardship of information asset to enable best clinical and business practice and serve patients and stakeholders and public good
change complexity conversion corruption
- Generally Ac- cepted Record- keeping Prac- tices GARP
- stewardship val- ues
is the responsible management of something entrusted to ones care in healthcare organizations, entrusted with managing patient data and that re- sponsibility is best performed if the organizations stewardship values are laid out
describe 8 key principles relating to records and information management prac- tices
- accountability
- transparency
- integrity
- protection
- compliance
- availability
- retention
- disposition
reflected in health information governance principles and practice to ensure they reflect nature - special obligations- of safeguarding health data
- accountability senior executive oversees recordkeeping program and delegates program re- sponsibility to appropriate individuals. this organization adopts policies and pro- cedures to guide personnel and ensure the program can be audited
- transparency process and activities of an organizations recordkeeping program are document- ed in a manner that is open and verifiable and is available to all personnel and appropriate interested parties
- integrity recordkeeping program shall be constructed so the records and information generated or managed by for the organization have a reasonable and suitable guarantee of authenticity and reliability
- protection record keeping program that shall be constructed ti ensure a reasonable level of protection to records and information that are private, confidential, privileged, secret or essential to business continuity
- compliance record keeping program shall be constructed to comply with applicable laws and other binding authorities as well as organization policies
- availability organization shall maintain records in a manner that ensures timely eflcient and accurate needed information
- retention organization shall maintain records and information for appropriate time taking into account legal regulatory fiscal operational and historical requirements
- disposition organization shall provide secure and appropriate disposition for records that are no longer required to be maintained by applicable laws and organizational policies
- principles for acute care ser- vices
- information gov- ernance man- agement
- confidentiality and data protection assurance
- information se- curity assurance
information governance management confidentiality and data protection assurance information security assurance clinical information assurance secondary use assurance corporate information assurance
requires information governance framework, approved policies with strategies and improvement plans and training for statt also require all contracts
information management agenda is supported by adequate confidentiality and data protection skills, knowledge, and experience including appropriate proce- dures for informing and securing consents from patients, release of information, monitoring access to personal health information
the information management agenda is supported by adequate security skills, knowledge and experience; formal security risk assessment and management programs for key information assets and security incident process and business continuity planning
security safe- guards and con- trols
- accountability enforcement and remedies
- benefit patients and serve public good
-detection mechanisms for failure to follow policy -remediation for the individual whose data are involved
information asset management IAM, enterprise information management EIM and information governance IG will ensure healthcare organizations are ettective stewards of health information to
- information is processed data
- data are raw facts stored as characters, words, symbols, measurements or statistics
- middle manage- ment level
director of patient services might want info about where recent patient live and how far they travel to use the hospital or further process the data set to classify patients by zip code, useful information to help identify where patients live
- Chief executive of-is interested in patient mix but wants to see trend data over time showing the ficer
- enterprise mas- ter patient index
percentage of Medicare patients vs the percentage private pay and nonpaying patients the data in the MPI data set must be processed more extensively to meet ceo needs
systems include the assignment of an enterprise identifier to link health informa- tion systems together across corporations or enterprises identify patient at the corporate level
- knowledge information combined with experience, context, interpretation and reflection
- (^) knowledge man- agement
capturing organizing, storing knowledge and experiences of individual workers and groups within an organization making this information available to others in the organization
- (^) two types of knowledge
explicit tacit
- (^) explicit knowl- edge
easily communicated and stored; documents and procedures
- (^) tacit knowledge personal knowledge that is not easily communicated or stored; employee expe- rience, habits, and skills
- (^) Dr. Francis Lau 2014 knowl- edge manage- ment framework
for healthcare environment that includes core concepts of knowledge production, use, and refinement within a social context influenced by individual and organi- zational values and preferences
- (^) knowledge pro- duction
includes creation, organization and storage of knowledge
- (^) knowledge re- finement
includes evaluation, adaption and sustainability of knowledge
- (^) knowledge use includes the distribution and sharing of knowledge
- (^) data capture methods
identify which methods are permitted for use and who is permitted to use them
- structured data capture
should be used for pos and neg findings such as the documentation of pos or neg responses to questions about past history, family history, social history, and the review of systems
- (^) structured text
- information cap- ture
- information cap- ture in health- care
- report genera- tion
- public safety
- continuity of patient care
- healthcare economics
- clinical research and outcomes analysis
the process of recording representations of human thought, perceptions, or actions in documenting patient care as well as device generated information that is gathered and/or computed about a patient as part of healthcare
handwriting, speaking, word or phrases, videotaping, audio recording, and gen- erating digital images through xrays and scans
formatting/structure if captured information. analyzing, organizing, and pre- senting recorded patient information for authorization and inclusion in patients healthcare record
- documentation methods and activities of collecting, coding, ordering, storing, and retrieving information to fulfill future task
- MRI Principles of Health Care Doc- umentation
unique identification of patient accuracy completeness timeliness interoperability retrievability authentication and accountability auditability confidentiality and security
- AHIMA data qual- framework for design of management processes and data quality measures ity model 1. accuracy
- accessibility
- comprehensiveness
- consistency/reliability
- currency
- definition
- granularity
- precision
- relevancy
- timeliness
- (^) accuracy data are free of errors are accurate
- ensures data have the correct value, are valid and attached to the correct patient record
- Accessibility data items should be easily obtainable and legal to access with strong protections and controls built into the process
- (^) comprehensive- ness
all required data items are included - ensure that entire scope of data is collected and document intentional limitations
- consistency data quality needs to be consistent and reliable
- currency many types of healthcare data become obsolete after a period of time
- (^) definition clear definition should be provided so that current and future data users know what the data means - clear meaning and acceptable values
- (^) granularity sometimes referred to as Atomicity which means the individual data element cannot be further subdivided
- (^) precision relates to numerical data. denotes how close an actual size, weight or standard a particular measurement is
- (^) relevancy data must be relevant to the purpose for which they are collected
ity improvement in healthcare
- 10 principles meeting aims and priorities
- measure applica- tions partnership
- performance measures focus on
- national strategy for quality im- provement goal in healthcare
- promoting ettective prevention and treatment for leading cause of mortality; cardiovascular disease
- working with communities to promote healthy living
- making quality care more attordable for individuals families employers and government by spreading new healthcare delivery models
- person centeredness and family engagement
- specific health considerations
- eliminating disparities in care
- aligning the ettorts of public and private sectors
- quality improvement
- consistent national standards
- primary care will become a bigger focus
- coordination will be enhanced
- integration of care delivery
- providing clear information
performance measures that will be used in public reporting and performance based payment programs are outlines and described
healthcare acquired conditions and readmissions, clinician and insurance indus- try performance measurement.
synthesize the quality measures that exist today so that they are similar across ditterent agencies
- database is an organizational tool that manages data so that it can be easily queried for the data that is included
- attributes
characteristics of the data field that make up the database and may include a name, medical record number, an address etc.
- (^) data dictionary descriptive list of names, definitions and attributes of data elements to be collect- ed in an information system or database. map of a database ensure consistency by standardizing definitions two types: database management system and organization wide
- (^) data map and used to describe the connections, paths between classification and vocabularies crosswalk
- database man- developed conjunction with development of a specific database agement system modern-built in dictionaries go beyond data definitions and store information data dictionary about^ tables^ and^ data^ relationships^ referred^ to^ as^ system^ catalogs DBMS
- DBMS documen- table names tation of attribute or field names description of attribute data type of attribute format of attribute size of attribute range of values whether attribute is required relationship among attributes who, where and when created database what programs access database end users and administrators of database access authorization is provided to all users
- promote data quality through data consistency across organization individual data element definition are agreed upon, leads to better quality data
