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What term is an adaptive response, mediated by individual differences and/or psychological processes, that is a consequence of any external action, situations, or even that places excessive psychological and/or physical demands on a person - Correct Answer stress What are the 3 things that stress is not - Correct Answer 1. Anxiety 2. Nervous tension 3. Damaging, bad, or to be avoided What term is good stress - Correct Answer eustress What term is bad stress - Correct Answer distress What type of stress has negative effects on motivation and performance; red tape - Correct Answer hindrance stressors What may be the consequence of losing a sense of the basic purpose and fulfillment of your work - Correct Answer burnout What type of stressors include societal/technological change, globalization, the family, relocation, economic and financial conditions, race and gender, and residential or community conditions - Correct Answer extraorganizational What is defined as a harmonious and productive balance of physical, mental, and social well-being brought about by the acceptance of one's personal reasonability for developing and adhering to a health promotion program - Correct Answer wellness What term is a concern for group goals, for finding those goals that will move people, for helping the group to formulate them, for taking some initiative in providing members of the group with the means of achieving such goals, and for giving group members the feeling of strength and competence they need to work hard for such goals - Correct Answer social power What is defined as repeated, health-harming mistreatment that could involve verbal abuse, threatening, humiliating, or offensive behavior or actions; or work interference - Correct Answer bullying What are the two categories of group stressors - Correct Answer 1. Lack of group cohesiveness 2. Lack of social support What term explains why some employees just seem to have given up and seem to accept stressors in their work environment, even when a change for the better is possible - Correct Answer learned helplessness People are most apt to experience helplessness when they perceive the causes of the lack of control to be what 3 things - Correct Answer 1. Related to something about their own personal characteristics 2. Stable and enduring 3. Global and universal Downsizing, competitive pressures, merit pay plans, rotating work shifts, bureaucratic rules, and advanced technology are what type of job stressor - Correct Answer administrative policies and strategies When does frustration occur - Correct Answer when a motivated driver is blocked before a person reaches a desired goal What are the two types of barriers - Correct Answer overt and covert What type of barrier is outward of phsyical - Correct Answer overt What type of barrier is inward, or mental-sociopsychological - Correct Answer covert What are the 4 levels of conflict in OB from macro to micro - Correct Answer 1. Organizational 2. Intergroup 3 interpersonal 4. Intra-individual What is an emotional reaction of expressing one's negative feelings to others - Correct Answer venting What type of conflict is where the individual is motivated to approach two or more positive but mutually exclusive goals - Correct Answer approach-approach What type of conflict is where the individual is motivated to approach a goal and at the same time is motivated to avoid it - Correct Answer approach-avoidance What type of conflict is where the individual is motivated to avoid two or more negative but mutually exclusive goals - Correct Answer avoidance-avoidance The integrative approach requires the effective negotiator to use what 5 skills - Correct Answer 1. Establishing superordinate goals 2. Separating the people from the problem 3. Focusing on interests, not on positions 4. Inventing options for mutual gain 5. Using objective criteria What are the 5 types of low-risk negotiation techniques - Correct Answer 1. Flattery 2. Addressing the easy point first 3. Silence 4. Inflated opening position 5. Oh, poor me What are the 4 types of high-risk negotiation techniques - Correct Answer 1. Unexpected temper losses 2. High-balling 3. Boulwarism (take it or leave it) 4. Waiting until the last moment Centralization and formalization, line-staff conflicts, specialization, role ambiguity and conflict, no opportunity for advancement, and restrictive, untrusting culture are what type of job stressor - Correct Answer organizational structure and design Power comes from being in the what three "right places" - Correct Answer 1. Control over resources 2. Control over or extensive access to information 3. Formal authority What are two common approaches to implement empowerment - Correct Answer 1. Kaizen and just do it principles 2. Trust building Tight controls, only downward communication, little performance feedback, centralized decision making, lack of participation in decisions, and punitive appraisal systems are what type of job stressor - Correct Answer organizational processes Crowded work area, noise, heat, or cold, polluted air, strong odor, unsafe, dangerous conditions, poor lighting, physical or mental strain, and toxic 4b. Frustration/defense mechanism What term is competing goals within yourself - Correct Answer goal conflict What are the three types of role conflict - Correct Answer 1. Person-role conflict 2. Intrarole conflict 3. Interrole conflict What are the four sources of interpersonal conflict - Correct Answer 1. Personal differences 2. Information deficiency 3. Role incompatibility 4. Environmental stress What term occurs whenever individuals belonging to one group interact, collectively or individually, with another group or its members in terms of their reference group identification - Correct Answer intergroup behavior What are the 5 response categories to individuals interacting with one another - Correct Answer 1. Forcing 2. Accommodating 3. Avoiding 4. Compromising 5. Collaborating What are the four sources of intergroup conflict - Correct Answer 1. Competition for resources 2. Task interdependence 3. Jurisdictional ambiguity 4. Status struggles What are the 4 physical health concerns linked to stress - Correct Answer 1. Immune system problems 2. Cardiovascular system problems 3. Musculoskeletal system problems 4. Gastrointestinal system problems What are the 4 direct behaviors that may accompany high levels of stress - Correct Answer 1. Under/overeating 2. Sleeplessness 3. Increasing smoking/drinking 4. Drug abuse 4. Clarify new roles What term is defined as decision-making process among interdependent parties who do not share identical preferences - Correct Answer negotiation What are the 7 common mistakes negotiators make - Correct Answer 1. Overly affected by the frame of information 2. Nonrationally escalate commitment 3. Assume their gain must come at the expense of the other party 4. Anchored on irrelevant information 5. Rely on readily available information 6. Fail to consider information that is available 7. Overconfident concerning the likelihood of attaining outcomes What term assumes a fixed pie and focuses on how to get the biggest share, or slice of pie - Correct Answer distributive bargaining What term assumes that employees are willing to accept responsibility and improve their daily work processes and relationships - Correct Answer empowerment What term involves successively taking, and then giving up, a sequence of positions - Correct Answer positional bargaining What are the 7 things you should do in a negotiation - Correct Answer 1. Know your market rate 2. Know your own value 3. What's in it for them? 4. Be honest 5. Try not to give the first number 6. Consider other benefits 7. Look at the long term What are the four aspects of principled negotiation - Correct Answer 1. People 2. Interests 3. Options 4. Criteria What term occurs when managers and employees reach an agreement where trust is counterbalanced with distrust, as there is always at least a degree of suspicion in organizational relationships - Correct Answer optimal trust Individuals have what three primary responses to power - Correct Answer 1. Resistance 2. Compliance 3. Commitment What bases of power tend to produce compliance or resistance - Correct Answer reward, coercive, and legitimate negative What bases of power tend to foster commitment - Correct Answer expert, referent, and legitimate positive What type of power has the ability to inflict punishment or aversive consequences on another person or, at least, to make threats that the other person believes will result in punishment or undesirable outcomes - Correct Answer coercive power What power stems from the internalized values of the other persons that give the legitimate right to the agent to influence them - Correct Answer legitimate power What power comes from the desire on the part of the other persons to identify with this agent wielding power; they want to identify with the powerful person, regardless of the outcomes - Correct Answer referent power What type of power is based on the extent to which others attribute knowledge and expertise to the power holder - Correct Answer expert power What term comes from the person must really know what he or she is talking about and be able to show tangible evidence of this knowledge - Correct Answer credibility What are the three major sources of legitimate power - Correct Answer 1. Cultural values of a society, organization, or group 2. Accepted social structure 3. Being designated as the agent or representative What are the 7 things that are the influenceability of targets (in relation to power) - Correct Answer 1. Dependency 2. Uncertainty 3. Personality 4. Intelligence 5. Gender 6. Age 7. Culture What are the 5 types of organizational politics - Correct Answer 1. Resources 2. Decisions 3. Goals 4. Technology and external environment 5. Change What are the 8 political tactics - Correct Answer 1. Pressure 2. Upward appeals 3. Exchange 4. Coalition 5. Ingratiating 6. Rational 7. Inspirational 8. Consultation What political tactic involves seeking to get you in a good mood or to think favorably of the influence agent before asking you to do something - Correct Answer ingratiating tactics What are the three political strategies - Correct Answer 1. Information 2. Financial incentive 3. Constituency building What are the 5 guidelines to overcome negative impact (of power) - Correct Answer 1. Keep lines of communication open 2. Role-model ethical and non-political behaviors 3. Be wary of game players acting only in their own self-interests 4. Protect individual privacy interests 5. Always use the value judgement 
