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Lab #7:Small Ecdysozoa, Chelicerate Arthropods AND Arthropods | BSC 201, Lab Reports of Zoology

Material Type: Lab; Class: General Zoology; Subject: Biological Sciences; University: University of Southern Mississippi; Term: Unknown 1989;

Typology: Lab Reports

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 08/19/2009

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BSC 201L (14e, rev.)
Lab #7: Small Ecdysozoa, Chelicerate Arthropods AND Arthropoda
Additional Ecdysozoan Specimens (in the Panarthropoda)
NOT IN LAB MANUAL
Things to know for these specimens:
Be able to identify all characteristic appendages for each group.
Fresh water, marine water , o r t er restrial?
Structures and their functions
Phylum Onychophora
– moist T
– so ft flexible cuticle w/ chitin
– gr owth by molting (no exuvia)
– unsegmented body w/
– paired unjointed appendages w/ claws
– 1 pr. antennae
– 1 pr. mandibles and 1 pr. oral papillae
1. Preserved specimen
LABELS: antennae, mouth, oral papillae
Phylum Tardigrada
– MW, FW, moist T
– thin flexible nonchitinous cuticle
– gr owth by molting
– unsegmented body
– 4 prs. unjointed appendages each w/ 4-8 claws
2. Slide (or living specimen)
Use the text and figures in Exercise 13 (The Chelicerate Arthropods) and Exercise 15 (The
Arthropods) to aid your study of the prepared slides and preserved specimens; examine the
additional specimens as indicated.
Things to know for Phylum Arthropoda:
Be able to identify all tagmata and all characteristic appendages for each group.
Be able to distinguish males from females.
Fresh water, marine water , o r t er restrial?
Structures and their functions
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BSC 201L (14e, rev.) Lab #7: Small Ecdysozoa, Chelicerate Arthropods AND Arthropoda

Additional Ecdysozoan Specimens (in the Panarthropoda) NOT IN LAB MANUAL

Things to know for these specimens: Be able to identify all characteristic appendages for each group. Fresh water, marine water, or terrestrial? Structures and their functions

Phylum Onychophora

  • moist T
  • soft flexible cuticle w/ chitin
  • growth by molting (no exuvia)
  • unsegmented body w/
  • paired unjointed appendages w/ claws
  • 1 pr. antennae
  • 1 pr. mandibles and 1 pr. oral papillae
  1. Preserved specimen
    • LABELS : antennae, mouth, oral papillae

Phylum Tardigrada

  • MW, FW, moist T
  • thin flexible nonchitinous cuticle
  • growth by molting
  • unsegmented body
  • 4 prs. unjointed appendages each w/ 4-8 claws
  1. Slide (or living specimen)

Use the text and figures in Exercise 13 (The Chelicerate Arthropods) and Exercise 15 (The Arthropods) to aid your study of the prepared slides and preserved specimens; examine the additional specimens as indicated.

Things to know for Phylum Arthropoda: Be able to identify all tagmata and all characteristic appendages for each group. Be able to distinguish males from females. Fresh water, marine water, or terrestrial? Structures and their functions

Phylum Arthropoda

  • segmented body with jointed appendages
  • exoskeleton stiffened by chitin (a polysaccharide); exoskeleton also w/ protein, lipid, CaCO 3
  • body segments fused to form distinct units ( tagmata ):
    • head and trunk (1°)
    • head, thorax, and abdomen (2°)
    • cephalothorax and abdomen (2°)
  • gills or book gills (aquatic) OR book lungs or tracheae (terrestrial)
  • eucoelom (1°) reduced; main body cavity is a hemocoel (2°)

Exercise 13 (The Chelicerate Arthropods) Subphylum Trilobita (all members extinct)

  • tagmata: cephalon (head), thorax, and pygidium (abdomen)
  • body divided longitudinally into three lobes; cross-section is trilobed
  • most with 1 pair of antennae
  • biramous appendages on thorax and pygidium
  1. Cast and fossils – draw the cast

Subphylum Chelicerata

  • tagmata: prosoma & opisthosoma ; cephalothorax & abdomen in sea spiders
  • six pairs of appendages on the prosoma
    • first pair of appendages are chelicerae
    • second pair of appendages are pedipalps
    • four pairs of walking legs
    • [ no antennae; no mandibles ]

Class Merostomata, horseshoe crabs

  • book gills for respiration; abdominal flaps for swimming
  • simple eyes for navigation; compound eye for images

Limulus polyphemus , American horseshoe crab – text pp. 206-

  1. Preserved specimens (male and female) – Fig. 13-
    • male has modified pedipalps that resemble thumbs – be able to distinguish gender
    • LABELS : Dorsal – compound eyes, median simple eyes, prosoma, opisthosoma, telson Ventral – chelicerae, pedipalps, 4 pairs of walking legs, swimmerets, book gills, anus
  2. Slide of Limulus “trilobite larva” – Fig. 13-
    • NOT really a trilobite larva (why not?)

Observation : Exuviae (shed exoskeleton) of Limulus – No drawing is required.

Exercise 15 (The Arthropods) Subphylum Myriopoda

  • all appendages are uniramous
  • tagmata: – head and trunk (1°)
    • head, thorax, and abdomen (2°)
  • head appendages: 1 pair antennae, 1 pair mandibles, 1-2 pairs maxillae

Class Chilopoda , centipedes

  • head and trunk
  • one pair of appendages per segment
  • poison “fangs” are actually claws (on first trunk segment)
  • carnivorous Scolopendra – text p. 223
  1. Preserved specimen – Figs. 15-
    • LABEL : poison claw (a.k.a. poison fang OR maxilliped with poison fang)

Class Diplopoda , millipedes

  • head and short thorax of 4 segments, w/ 1 pair of appendages per segment
  • long abdomen has two pairs of appendages per diplosegment
  • herbivorous Spirobolus – text p. 223-
  1. Preserved specimen – Fig. 15-
    • LABEL : a thoracic segment, a diplosegment

Subphylum Hexapoda Class Insecta

  • all have 3 pairs of legs on the thorax
  • most have 2 pairs of wings
    • prothorax: 1 stpr. of legs
    • mesothorax: 2 nd^ pr. of legs and 1 stpr. wings (forewings)
    • metathorax: 3 rd^ pr. of legs and 2 ndpr. wings (hindwings)

Grasshopper – text pp. 225-

  • be able to distinguish male from female; female has ovipositor at the posterior of the abdomen
  1. Preserved specimens – Figs. 15-3, 15-
    • LABELS : prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax, forewings, hindwings, ovipositor

Observations : Examine the Arthropods, Arachnids, and Insect Collection Biosmounts. (Not necessary to draw.)


FOR NEXT LAB MEETING:

  • download handout for Lab #8 and read Exercise 14 (Crustacean Arthropods)
  • write out each taxonomic summary in your Laboratory Specimen Notebook BEFORE lab