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GC and IR Spectroscopy Experiment Report: Identifying Alkenes and Aldehydes, Lab Reports of Organic Chemistry

Eastern Illinois University (EIU)Organic Chemistry

A report sheet for experiment 10 in chm 2435, focusing on ir spectroscopy and gc analysis. The experiment involves analyzing the retention times, peak areas, and percent compositions of 1-methylcyclohexene and 3-methylcyclohexene using gc. Additionally, ir spectra are taken to identify the presence or absence of specific functional groups. Questions include gc separation properties, starting material retention time, and ir spectroscopy peak identification.

Typology: Lab Reports

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 08/18/2009

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CHM 2435 Name:
Experiment 10 IR Spectroscopy and GC Analysis
Report Sheet Date:
A. Conditions for GC Analysis:
1. Column stationary phase
20% carbowax (a polar column)
2. Column temperature 100 °C
3. Carrier gas He
4. Chart speed 2.5
cm/min
5. Reference retention times. 3-methylcyclohexene: 1.65 min
1-methylcyclohexene: 1.90 min
B. GC Analysis:
1-methylcylcohexene 3-methylcyclohexene
1. Distance from start for peak 4.8 cm 4.1 cm
2. Retention time (min) 1.92 min 1.64 min
(calculated from line 1 and chart speed in A4)
3. Peak height (h), in cm 2.8 cm 1.1 cm
4. Peak width
at half height
(w1/2), in cm 0.4 cm 0.1 cm
5. Peak area in cm2 1.1 cm2 0.11 cm2
(area = h x w1/2, or line 3 times line 4)
6. Total area, in cm2 1.2 cm2
(sum of areas in line 5)
7. Percent Composition 92% 8%
(individual peak area in line 5 divided by total area in line 6)
C. Attach your chromatogram to this report sheet, and label the following items:
Injection point
Peak for 1-methylcyclohexene Peak for 3-methylcyclohexene
Retention time for 1-methylcyclohexene Retention time for 3-methylcyclohexene
pf3
pf4

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Download GC and IR Spectroscopy Experiment Report: Identifying Alkenes and Aldehydes and more Lab Reports Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

CHM 2435 Name: Experiment 10 IR Spectroscopy and GC Analysis Report Sheet Date:

A. Conditions for GC Analysis:

  1. Column stationary phase 20% carbowax (a polar column)
  2. Column temperature 100 °C
  3. Carrier gas He
  4. Chart speed 2. cm/min
  5. Reference retention times. 3-methylcyclohexene: 1.65 min

1-methylcyclohexene: 1.90 min

B. GC Analysis:

1-methylcylcohexene 3-methylcyclohexene

  1. Distance from start for peak 4.8 cm 4.1 cm
  2. Retention time (min) 1.92 min 1.64 min (calculated from line 1 and chart speed in A4)
  3. Peak height (h), in cm 2.8 cm 1.1 cm
  4. Peak width at half height (w1/2), in cm 0.4 cm 0.1 cm
  5. Peak area in cm^2 1.1 cm^2 0.11 cm^2 (area = h x w1/2, or line 3 times line 4)
  6. Total area, in cm^2 1.2 cm^2 (sum of areas in line 5)
  7. Percent Composition 92% 8% (individual peak area in line 5 divided by total area in line 6)

C. Attach your chromatogram to this report sheet, and label the following items:

Injection point Peak for 1-methylcyclohexene Peak for 3-methylcyclohexene Retention time for 1-methylcyclohexene Retention time for 3-methylcyclohexene

D. Attach your IR spectrum of the alkene mixture, and label the peaks that indicate the presence of an alkene in your mixture. Also label the absence or presence of peaks that indicate the presence of an alcohol in your mixture. see last page

QUESTIONS:

  1. GC separates compounds based on two properties of the compounds - what are they? Boiling point and polarity.
  2. Do you think that your starting material (2-methylcyclohexanol) would have a longer or shorter retention time than the alkenes? Briefly explain your answer. The starting material would have a longer retention time since: it has a higher boiling point, which means it will take longer to come off the column and it is more polar than the starting materials, so it will prefer to spend more time in the polar stationary phase than in the mobile phase. when things are in the stationary phase, they do not move, and thus you have to wait longer for these compounds to decide to go back into the mobile phase and travel down the column.
  3. Suppose you wanted to use IR spectroscopy to determine if each of the reactions below worked. What specific peaks from the product would you be looking to be present, and what specific peaks from the starting material would you looking to be absent?

OH

O

H

O + OH a.

the starting material would be the only compound that would have both the carbonyl C=O at 1700-1800 cm-1^ and the broad OH past 3000 cm-1. The first product (the aldehyde) would only have the C=O at 1700-1800 cm-1^ but not the OH, while the second product (the alcohol) would only have the broad OH past 3000 cm-1^ but not the C=O.

b.

the product would lack the C=C at 1600-1680 cm-1. (Note that the starting material has some sp^3 CH’s, so you cannot tell from this peak if it is starting material or product)

O

H c.

the starting material would have a carbonyl C=O at 1700-1800 cm-1^ while the product would have a C=C at 1600-1680 cm-