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SMTP ✔✔(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) A communications protocol used to send email across a network or the Internet. POP3 ✔✔(Post Office Protocol version 3) A standard for retrieving email messages from an email server. IMAP ✔✔(Internet Message Access Protocol) A protocol similar to POP that is used to retrieve email messages from an email server, but offers additional features, such as choosing which emails to download from the server. VOIP ✔✔(Voice over Internet Protocol) Hardware, software, and protocols used to make telephone-style calls over the Internet. Also referred to as Internet telephony. Webmail ✔✔An email system that allows users to access email messages using a browser. Asynchronous ✔✔In the context of communications, such as email and text messaging, both parties need not be online at the same time. Synchronous ✔✔A communications mode, such as VoIP, in which participants must be online at the same time. Store-and-forward Technology ✔✔A technology used by communications networks in which a message, such as an email, is temporarily held in storage on a server until it is requested by a client computer. RSS Reader ✔✔Software that can be used to set up and access an RSS feed. Public Domain ✔✔Material that is not subject to copyright restrictions on its use and distribution. Copyright ✔✔A form of legal protection that grants certain exclusive rights to the work's creator or the owner of the copyright. Trademark ✔✔A logo symbol or word used to represent a business. Intellectual property ✔✔A legal concept that refers to ownership of intangible information, such as ideas.
IP Address ✔✔private IP address- An IP address that cannot be routed over the Internet. public IP address- IP addresses that can be routed over the Internet (as opposed to private IP addresses that cannot) (Internet Protocol) One of the main protocols of TCP/IP; responsible for addressing packets so that they can be routed to their destinations; IPv4 offers 32-bit addresses whereas IPv6 offers 128-bit addresses. Metadata Tag ✔✔Data that contains information about other data; file tags are an example of metadata. Hotspot Triangulation ✔✔The process of locating a device based on its distance from various hotspot servers. User Interface ✔✔The software and hardware that enable people to interact with computers. Pirated Software ✔✔Software that is copied, sold, or distributed without permission from the copyright holder. Open Sources Software ✔✔Software that includes its source code, allowing programmers to modify and improve it. Executable File ✔✔A file, usually with an .exe extension, containing instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task. EULA ✔✔(end-user license agreements) A type of software license that appears on the computer screen when software is being installed and prompts the user to accept or decline. Portable Software ✔✔Software designed to be stored on a flash drive or CD and does not require installation before it is used. Local Application ✔✔Software that is stored on a local device and loaded from there into RAM when it runs. Server Operating System ✔✔A type of operating system, sometimes called a network operating system, that provides management tools for distributed networks, email servers, and Web hosting sites. Kernel ✔✔The core module of an operating system that typically manages memory, processes, tasks, and storage devices.
Firewall ✔✔Software or hardware designed to analyze and control incoming and outgoing packets on a network; used to enhance security by filtering out potential intrusion attempts. Pharming ✔✔An exploit that redirects users to fake Web sites. Phising ✔✔An email-based scam that's designed to fool users into revealing confidential information. Address Spoofnig ✔✔Using a fake IP or email address to conceal the origin of a packet or message. Social Enginering ✔✔Methods for tricking people into engaging in non-secure activities, such as clicking on links and downloading infected files. TLS ✔✔(Transport Layer Security) An update of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol for encrypting data before it is transmitted over a network. Malware ✔✔Programs such as viruses, worms, and bots designed to disrupt computer operations. Evile Twin ✔✔A malicious wireless network or hotspot designed to look legitimate and ensnare unwary users looking for a free Internet connection. Man-in-the-Middle ✔✔A malicious exploit in which messages between two people are intercepted without their knowledge. Spyware ✔✔Any software that covertly gathers user information without the user's knowledge, usually for advertising purposes. Adware ✔✔Software that displays unwanted advertisements or analyzes user online behavior to create a profile used by advertisers. Port Scan ✔✔An exploit used by hackers to locate computer ports that can be used for surreptitious access; also called a port probe. Botnet ✔✔A group of bots under the remote control of a botmaster, used to distribute spam and denial-of-service attacks. Software License Single User ✔✔Legal permission for one person to use a particular software package. Software Licence Multi-User ✔✔Legal permission for more than one person to use a particular software package.
Software Licence Site ✔✔A legal contract that defines the ways in which a user may use a computer program. Commercial software ✔✔Copyrighted computer applications sold to consumers for profit. Proprietary software ✔✔Software that carries restrictions on its use that are delineated by copyright, patents, or license agreements. Public domain software ✔✔Software that is available for public use without restriction except that it cannot be copyrighted. Demo ware software ✔✔Software that is supplied for free, but is limited in some way until you pay for it. Freeware software ✔✔Copyrighted software that is given away by the author or copyright owner. Shareware software ✔✔Copyrighted software marketed under a license that allows users to use the software for a trial period and then send in a registration fee if they wish to continue to use it. Jailbreak ✔✔Making unauthorized changes to an iPod, iPhone, or iPad to get apps from a source other than the official iTunes App Store. Virtual machine ✔✔Software that creates an operating environment that emulates another computer platform (for example, Parallels Desktop creates a virtual PC on an Intel Macintosh computer). Thin Client ✔✔A device or software that depends on software, storage, and other services provided by another device, such as a Web server. Multithreading ✔✔A technology that allows multiple parts or threads from a program to run simultaneously. Miltitasking ✔✔The ability of a computer, a processor, or an operating system to run more than one program, job, or task at the same time. Multiprocessing ✔✔The ability of a computer or an operating system to support dual- core processors or multiple processors. Ransomware ✔✔Malware that encrypts files as part of an exploit to extort money from victims who want to regain use of their files in unencrypted format.
Cryptographic Algorithim ✔✔A specific procedure for encrypting and decrypting data. Encryption ✔✔The process of scrambling or hiding information so that it cannot be understood without the key necessary to change it back into its original form. Decryption ✔✔The process of removing the encryption to produce clear text. Plaintext ✔✔An original, unencrypted message. Ciphertext ✔✔An encrypted message. Digital Certificate ✔✔A file that verifies the identity of a device, usually used in the context of network-based servers sending an encryption key to a client device. Confidentiality ✔✔The obligation not to disclose willingly any information obtained in confidence. Code of Ethics ✔✔A set of guidelines designed to help professionals make on-the-job ethical decisions. Information Techonlogy ✔✔(1) A degree program that focuses on the computer equipment and software used by businesses and organizations. (2) The use of computers and software to manipulate data. Comuter Science ✔✔A career field that focuses on developing fast and efficient computers from their construction to their programming and operating systems. Software Engineer ✔✔The process of developing software using systematic mathematical, engineering, and management techniques. Systems Analyst ✔✔A computer professional responsible for analyzing requirements, designing information systems, and supervising the implementation of new information systems. Computer Operator ✔✔A computer professional who works directly with and maintains mainframe computers or server arrays. Network administaor ✔✔The person responsible for configuring and monitoring a computer network. Database Administrator ✔✔A person who supervises database design, development, testing, and maintenance.
Computer Programmer ✔✔A person who designs, codes, and tests computer programs. Security specialist ✔✔A computer professional who analyzes security threats, implements solutions, and develops policies and procedures to protect computer equipment and data. CIO ✔✔(CIO) The highest-ranking executive responsible for information systems. Chief Information Officer 1G ✔✔Computers that used vacuum tubes to process and store data, such as UNIVAC. 2G ✔✔Computers that use transistors for data processing and storage instead of vacuum tubes. 3G ✔✔Computers characterized by using integrated circuits instead of transistors or vacuum tubes for data processing. 4G ✔✔Computers, such as today's personal computers, servers, and mainframes, that use a general-purpose microprocessor for data processing. Transistor ✔✔A computer processing technology created by Bell Laboratories in 1947; characterizes second-generation computers, which replaced vacuum tubes for data processing. Vacuum Tube ✔✔An electronic device that controls the flow of electrons in a vacuum and represents binary data; used in the construction of first-generation computers. Moore's Law ✔✔Gordon Moore's prediction that technological innovation would double the number of transistors in an integrated circuit every two years without raising its cost. Disruptive Technlogy ✔✔An invention that changes markets by replacing existing goods or services. Offshoring ✔✔The corporate practice of relocating production, manufacturing, or customer service to lower-cost overseas locations. Outsourcnig ✔✔The corporate practice of using third-party contractors to supply raw goods, manufacturing, or services. Dot-coms ✔✔A legacy term for companies formed mainly to offer goods and services online.
