Download HEALTH, SAFETY, AND NUTRITION STUDY GUIDE (HSAN) and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
HEALTH, SAFETY, AND
NUTRITION STUDY
GUIDE (HSAN)
product that protects an individual from contracting an infectious disease by stimulating their immune system - CORRECT ANSWER - vaccines disease that can be transmitted between animals and humans - CORRECT ANSWER - communicable disease the process of administering a vaccine to make an individual protected from contracting an infectious disease - CORRECT ANSWER - immunizations to kill germs on surfaces or objects by using chemicals. this process does not necessarily clean dirty surfaces or remove all germs, but by killing germs on a surface after cleaning, it can further lower the risk of spreading infection - CORRECT ANSWER - disinfect the process of destroying or reducing organisms to a safe level; including properly cleaned equipment and surfaces, such as sinks and sleep mats - CORRECT ANSWER - sanitize the process by which a person, animal, or plant takes in utilizes food substances - CORRECT ANSWER - nutrition how many ways can illnesses and diseases be transmitted? - CORRECT ANSWER - 4 gunman? - CORRECT ANSWER - lockdown
robbery? - CORRECT ANSWER - lockdown hazardous spill? - CORRECT ANSWER - shelter-in-place tornado? - CORRECT ANSWER - shelter-in-place
- They move food from side to side in their mouths and showsigns of chewing in a rotary pattern.
- They begin to curve their mouths to fit the rim of a cup.
- They transfer objects from hand to mouth.
- They begin to eat ground or finely chopped food.
- They drink from a cup with less spilling. - CORRECT ANSWER - 8 - 11 month old
- They consistently make up-and-down munching movements and movefood between their jaws, as if to chew it.
- They begin to sit alone with no support, follow food with theireyes, and can pick up food with their fingers.
- They begin to eat mashed foods from a spoon and begin to feed themselves.
- They hold their bottles independently, or drink from a cup with some spilling. - CORRECT ANSWER - 5 - 9 month old
- They consistently use a rotary chewing motion.
- They can place a spoon in their mouths and can hold up a cup.
- They eat chopped foods and small pieces of soft, cooked table food.
- They can eat with a spoon without help. - CORRECT ANSWER - 10 - 12 month old
- Reflexes play an important part in control of the mouth.
- They can control movement of their heads, necks, trunks,and bring hands to their mouths.
such as cereal should not be used in bottles. Prepared bottles must be refrigerated and used within 48 hours. Bottles can only be warmed once and not re-refrigerated or re-warmed and must be thrown away within one-hour. MyPlate Food Groups - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Grains. 2. Vegetables. 3. Fruits- Apples, Pineapples, bananas, raisins, fruit juice, etc. 4. Dairy- milk, yogurt, cheese.
- Protein- Meats, eggs, beans, soy, nuts and seeds. Oil is not a food group but provides essential nutrients "5 a day". Grains - CORRECT ANSWER - 6 ounces daily (1 slice of bread, 1/2 cup of rice, cereal, and pasta.) Fruits - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 cup daily Vegetables - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 1/2 cups daily. Dairy - CORRECT ANSWER - 3 cups daily. Protein - CORRECT ANSWER - 5 1/2 ounces everyday (1 egg, 1oz of meat, 1 tbsp of peanut butter.) United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - CORRECT ANSWER - USDA studies and publishes information regarding nutrition. It officially recommends the kinds of foods and how much of those foods we need to eat everyday to maintain good health. MyPlate Calorie Intake - CORRECT ANSWER - Different calories are recommended depending on age, gender, and physical activity. More physical activity=more calories. 2 years: 1000 calories daily. 3 years: 1200-1400 calories daily.4 years: 1200 - 1600 calories daily. 2 years: 1200-1600 calories daily. Good eating habits - CORRECT ANSWER - when foods are introduced at the right time, nutritional needs are met and skills develop properly Planning Healthy Meals - CORRECT ANSWER --offer different foods from day to day
- serve food in small portions at scheduled meals and snacks
- choose healthy snacks
- smart beverage choices (water/milk)
- put food plan in to action with meals and snacks *ensure total amounts of each food group are provided daily Role of Child Care Providers during meals - CORRECT ANSWER - Make certain mealtimes are enjoyable, stress-free occasions during which children can learn and practice important social skills. teach children about certain foods by pointing out color, size, shape, texture, temperature, flavor (sweet, salty, sour), numbers, and food-related words
- teach children about nutrition
Brushing teeth - CORRECT ANSWER - Some programs like Head Start incorporate brushing teeth after meals. Inappropriate Foods/Choking Hazards - CORRECT ANSWER - For babies and small children; Nuts, raw carrot rounds, hot dog slices, hard candy, whole grapes, large chunks of meat, chewing gum, and ice cubes, Remember to grind up tough foods and cut food into small pieces or thin strips. Cut round foods, such as hot dogs, into strips rather than slice them into round pieces. Remove all bone from fish, chicken, and meat. Take out seeds and pits from fruits. Choking=when food is inhaled directly into the airway. Heimlich Maneuver - CORRECT ANSWER - Only certified CPR Staff can perform. Watch child closely and listen for sounds and air flow. If child makes no sound or not breathing, call 911 and begin the Heimlich maneuver if trained. What not to do when a child is choking. - CORRECT ANSWER - Don't hit back, Don'ts attempt First Aid unless you are trained to perform it, Don't perform the Heimlich Maneuver unless you are trained to do it, Don't finger swipe the mouth- you could push the object further inside mouth, Don't shake child or try to put head between knees, Don't panic in front of the child. Common eating causes - CORRECT ANSWER - children may refuse to eat or lose appetite because:
- forced to eat food
- may have seen adults refuse food
- bad experience with the food in the past
- same food and same method of preparation being used day after day Creating Positive Eating Environment - CORRECT ANSWER --mealtimes should be happy and relaxed times
- kid-sized physical setting (table, utensils, chairs)
- children participate in food service
- avoid delays in service so children don't have to sit and wait
- set good example (young children sense adult attitudes about food)
- create an atmosphere of respect and acceptance for each child to keep the meal emotionally and nutritionally satisfying
- serve foods family-style with an adult at the table; allow second helpings Poison prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - keep chemicals out of reach, follow safe food handling procedures, follow proper medication procedures, teach children not to place unfamiliar items in/near mouth Bleach solution - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 gallon of water + 1/4 cup of bleach 1 quart (spray bottle/32 ounces) + 1 tbs of bleach Clean/disinfect/sanitize - CORRECT ANSWER - Scrubbing and washing with soap and water to kill germs. On surfaces or objects by using chemicals to lower the risk of spreading infection. Immunizations/ Vaccine
