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Quadratic Functions: Properties, Graphs, and Applications, Study notes of Algebra

The topic of quadratic functions in mathematics, including their general and standard forms, graphs, properties, and applications. Students will learn how to identify the vertex, axis of symmetry, intercepts, and range of quadratic functions, as well as how to convert general form to standard form using the completing square procedure. The document also includes problem-solving exercises and applications of quadratic functions in optimization and enclosing areas with fences.

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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Math 110
CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #13
๎š™ General and Standard forms of the equation of Quadratic
Functions.
Definition.
()
2,,, ,f x ax bx c where a b c are real numbers a=++ โ‰ 0
is called quadratic function (or second degree polynomial
function) in general form.
() ( )
2
f
xaxh k=โˆ’+ is a standard form of the equation of a
quadratic function,
(
)
,hk is the vertex.
๎šƒ Graphs of Quadratic Functions.
Problem #1.
Indicate how the graph of
(
)
(
)
2
32fx x
=
โˆ’โˆ’ is
related to the graph of basic function
(
)
2
f
xx
=
. Sketch
the graph of . State the Range of f.
()
2
3yx=โˆ’โˆ’2
1
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9

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CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

ย™ General and Standard forms of the equation of Quadratic Functions.

Definition.

f ( x ) = ax^2^ + bx + c , where a b c are real numbers a , , , โ‰  0

is called quadratic function (or second degree polynomial function) in general form.

2 f x = a x โˆ’ h + k is a standard form of the equation of a

quadratic function, ( h k , ) is the vertex.

ยƒ Graphs of Quadratic Functions.

Problem #1.

Indicate how the graph of ( ) ( )

2 f x = x โˆ’ 3 โˆ’ 2 is

related to the graph of basic function f ( x ) = x^2. Sketch

the graph of ( ). State the Range of f.

2 y = x โˆ’ 3 โˆ’ 2

CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

Problem #2.

Indicate how the graph of ( ) ( )

2 f x = โˆ’ x โˆ’ 3 โˆ’ 2 is

related to the graph of the basic function f ( x ) = x^2.

Sketch the graph of ( )

2 y = โˆ’ x โˆ’ 3 โˆ’ 2. State the Range of f.

Question. When a quadratic function has a maximum value? Minimum value?

CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

Problem #3.

For ( )

2 3 2 4

f x = โŽ›โŽœ^ x โˆ’ โŽžโŽŸ โˆ’ โŽ โŽ 

8 find the following:

a) Vertex.

b) Equation of the axis of symmetry.

c) y - intercept.

d) x - intercepts.

e) Maximum/minimum.

f) Range.

g) Using the info above sketch the graph of f ( x )

CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

ยƒ Conversion general form of a quadratic function into standard form (completing square procedure).

Problem #4.

Convert the function f ( x ) = โˆ’ 2 x^2 + 5 x โˆ’ 5 into standard

form ( ) ( )

2 f x = a x โˆ’ h + k.

ยƒ Coordinates of the vertex when a quadratic function is given by an equation in general form.

For f ( x ) = ax^2 + bx + c , a โ‰  0 ,

the vertex is , 2 2

b b f a a

โŽœ โˆ’^ โŽœ โˆ’ โŽŸโŽŸ
โŽ โŽ^ โŽ โŽ 

Problem #5.

Find the vertex for y = โˆ’ 3 x^2 + 6 x โˆ’ 5.

State the Range for y = f ( x ).

CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

ยƒ Enclosing the Most Area with a Fence.

Problem #6.

A farmer with 2000 meters of fencing wants to

enclose a rectangular plot that borders on a straight

highway. If the farmer does not fence the side along

highway, what is the largest area that can be

enclosed?

Problem #7.

A rancher has 600 yards of fencing to put around a

rectangular field and then subdivide the field into two

identical plots by placing a fence parallel to field's

shorter sides. Find the dimensions that maximize

enclosed area. What is the maximum area?

CH 3.1(PART I). Quadratic Functions. Lectures #12 and #

Problem #8.

Shannise Cole makes and sell candy. She has found

that the cost per box for making x boxes of candy is

given by

2

C x = x โˆ’ 40 x + 405

a) How much does it cost per box to make 15 boxes?

b) What point on the graph corresponds to the

number of boxes that will make the cost per box

as small as possible?

c) How many boxes should she make in order to keep

the cost per box at a minimum?

What is the minimum cost per box?

Problem #9.

A bullet is fired upward from the ground level.

Its height above the ground (in feet) at time t seconds

is given by

2

H = โˆ’ 16 t + 100 t

Find the maximum height of the bullet and the time

at which it hits the ground.