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Intelligence
-find or recognize a problem, need, or opportunity. Problems come in many forms: Consistent customer requests for new product features Threat of new competition Declining sales rising costs etc. etc. TERM 2
Design
DEFINITION 2 -consider possible ways of solving the problem (find fixes) TERM 3
Choice
DEFINITION 3 -weigh the merits of each solution (pick a fix) TERM 4
Implementation
DEFINITION 4 -to carry out the solution (apply the fix) TERM 5
Structured decision
DEFINITION 5 -processing a certain information in a specified way so that you will always get the right answer. -No 'feel' or intuition is necessary.
Nonstructured decision
-one for which there may be several 'right' answers, without a sure way to get the right answer TERM 7
Decision support system (DSS)
DEFINITION 7 -a highly flexible and interactive system that is designed to support decision making when the problem is not structured - Decision support systems help you analyze, but you must know how to solve the problem, and how to use the results of the analysis TERM 8
Model management
component
DEFINITION 8 -consists of both the DSS models and the model management system -is a representation of some event, fact, or situation. - stores and maintains the DSS's models. TERM 9
Data management
component
DEFINITION 9
- stores and maintains the information that you want your DSS to use TERM 10
User interface management
component
DEFINITION 10 -allows you to communicate with the DSS
Typical activities of SDLC include:
Determining budgets Gathering business requirements Designing models TERM 17
The SDLC has 7 phases:
DEFINITION 17 Planning Analysis Design Development Testing Implementation Maintenance TERM 18
Planning phase
DEFINITION 18
- involves determining a solid plan for developing your information system TERM 19
Three primary planning
activities:
DEFINITION 19 Define the system to be developed Set the project scope Develop the project plan including tasks, resources, and timeframes TERM 20
Critical success factor (CSF)
DEFINITION 20
- a factor simply critical to your organizations success
Project scope
- clearly defines the high-level system requirements TERM 22
Project scope document
DEFINITION 22
- a written definition of the project scope and is usually no longer than a paragraph TERM 23
Project plan
DEFINITION 23
- defines the what, when, and who questions of system development TERM 24
Project manager
DEFINITION 24
- an individual who is an expert in project planning and management, defines and develops the project plan and tracks the plan to ensure all key project milestones are completed on time TERM 25
Project milestones
DEFINITION 25
- represent key dates for which you need a certain group of activities performed
Two primary design
activities:
Technical architecture Modeling TERM 32
Design phase
DEFINITION 32
- build a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work TERM 33
Technical
architecture
DEFINITION 33
- defines the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment required to run the system TERM 34
Modeling
DEFINITION 34
- the activity of drawing a graphical representation of a design TERM 35
Graphical user interface (GUI)
DEFINITION 35
- the interface to an information system
GUI screen design
- the ability to model the information system screens for an entire system TERM 37
Prototyping
DEFINITION 37
- the process of building a model that demonstrates the features of a proposed product, service, or system TERM 38
Proof-of-concept prototype
DEFINITION 38
- used to prove the technical feasibility of a proposed system TERM 39
Selling prototype
DEFINITION 39
- used to convince people of the worth of a proposed system TERM 40
The prototyping process involves four steps:
DEFINITION 40 Identify basic requirements Develop initial prototype User review Revise and enhance the prototype
Implementation phase
- distribute the system to all of the knowledge workers and they begin using the system to perform their everyday jobs TERM 47
Two primary implementation
activities:
DEFINITION 47 Write detailed user documentation: User documentation - highlights how to use the system Provide training for the system users: Online training - runs over the Internet or off a CD-ROM Workshop training - is held in a classroom environment and lead by an instructor TERM 48
Parallel implementation
DEFINITION 48 use both the old and new system simultaneously TERM 49
Plunge implementation
DEFINITION 49 discard the old system completely and use the new TERM 50
Pilot implementation
DEFINITION 50 start with small groups of people on the new system and gradually add more users
Phased implementation
implement the new system in phases TERM 52
Maintenance phase
DEFINITION 52
- monitor and support the new system to ensure it continues to meet the business goals TERM 53
Two primary maintenance
activities:
DEFINITION 53 Build a help desk to support the system users Provide an environment to support system changes TERM 54
Developers have different development
methodologies:
DEFINITION 54 Waterfall methodology Rapid application development (RAD) Extreme programming (XP) Agile methodology TERM 55
Two primary choices to build IT
systems:
DEFINITION 55 Insourcing Outsourcing
Disadvantages of outsourcing:
Reduces degree of control Increases vulnerability of your strategic information Increases dependency on other organizations TERM 62
Computer network
DEFINITION 62 two or more computers connected so that they can communicate with each other and share information, software, peripheral devices, and/or processing power TERM 63
Four Main Principles of Networking:
DEFINITION 63 -Each computer must have a network interface to provide a doorway for information -The network usually has at least one connecting device -The network must have communications media to transport information -Each computer must have software to move information in and out of the computer -These four principles apply to all networks, large and small TERM 64
A typical home network setup has:
DEFINITION 64 -An Ethernet network card in each computer or a wireless card in each laptop -Network cables to transmit signals, or no cables for wireless -A DSL or cable modem connection and a broadband/home router TERM 65
Network interface card (NIC)
DEFINITION 65 an expansion card or PC card that connects your computer to a network
Ethernet card
the most common type of network interface card -Built into the motherboards of many new computers looks like a telephone jack, but wider TERM 67
Wireless Access Point (WAP)
DEFINITION 67 device that allows a computer to use radio waves to access a network -Connects to hub or switch with a cable like a wired computer -May be built into broadband router and not require separate cabling TERM 68
Broadband router or home router
DEFINITION 68 a device to connect computers together to share DSL or cable Internet service in a home or small office TERM 69
Hub
DEFINITION 69 a device that connects computers into a network and repeats all transmissions to every connected computer -Only one computer can transmit at a time -All computers see every message -Can have collisions when two computers try to transmit at the same time TERM 70
Switch
DEFINITION 70
- a device that connects computers and repeats transmissions only to intended recipient -Multiple conversations can occur simultaneously between different sets of computers -Only recipient computer sees each message -Computers can still broadcast messages to all other computers on the network
Different internet connections:
Phone line and dialup modem Phone line and DSL modem Cable TV line and cable modem Satellite modem Dedicated high-speed business lines TERM 77
Broadband
DEFINITION 77 -high-capacity telecommunications line capable of providing high-speed Internet service -All Internet access methods on the previous slide are broadband except the dialup modem TERM 78
Voice over IP
DEFINITION 78 allows you to send voice communications over the Internet and avoid long-distance toll charges - No long-distance calling cost Ex. Skype TERM 79
The four principles of network security are:
DEFINITION 79 Confidentiality Authenticity Integrity Availability TERM 80
Confidentiality
DEFINITION 80 information can be obtained only by those authorized to access it -Bank statements, credit reports, employee evaluations -Threatened by capture of network transmissions and easily-guessed passwords
Authenticity
information really comes from the source it claims to come from Ex. Military orders, medical diagnoses, stockbroker directions -Threatened by fraudulent e-mails and misspellings of popular Web site names TERM 82
Integrity
DEFINITION 82 information has not been altered Ex. Bank balance, corporate Web site, prescriptions, credit card charges -Threatened by forged network transmissions and faulty server software TERM 83
Availability
DEFINITION 83 a service or resource is available when it's supposed to be Ex. Mail-order Web site, corporate e-mail server - Threatened by network failures, faulty server software, and high volumes of malicious network traffic TERM 84
Firewall
DEFINITION 84 protects a computer from intruders TERM 85
Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
DEFINITION 85 watches for and reports intrusion attempts
___ are HTML tags that allow you to specify
formatting for text
Basic formatting tags TERM 92
The three most commonly used basic HTML
formatting tags are:
DEFINITION 92 Strong for bold Underline Emphasis for italics TERM 93
___ are HTML tags that make certain
information, such as titles, stand out on your
Web site.
DEFINITION 93 Heading tags TERM 94
Heading sizes can be from _ to _ , with _ being
the largest and _ being the smallest.
DEFINITION 94 1 to 6 1 and 6 Ex. TERM 95
A __ is clickable text or an image that takes
you to another site or page on the Web.
DEFINITION 95 link (the technical name is hyperlink)
There are 3 commonly used
links:
Links to other Web sites or pages Links to downloadable les Links to e-mail TERM 97
The general tag format for a link is __.
DEFINITION 97 a href=address or le name>text to appear on screen TERM 98
The basic format for inserting an image is __.
DEFINITION 98 img sr=lename.extensionheight=pixel count width=pixel count>
