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Texas Landscape Irrigation (Training &

Reference)

Exam Review Questions and Answers

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Texas Landscape Irrigation (Training &

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Pressure compensating devices help save water because they? - Answer>> Help eliminate misting or fogging at the sprinkler heads Landscape Irrigation - Answer>> The art and management of applying water to landscape in a manner to encourage growth of plant material and support water conservation Irrigation sensors - Answer>> (Measure rain, wind, soil moisture, and freeze) that save water and eliminate liability issues concerning ice related accidents during freeing weather Pressure Regulation Device - Answer>> Devices which eliminate misting or fogging at the sprinkler heads, thus achieving better uniformity and saving water Hydrozoning - Answer>> The practice of zoning an irrigation system based on similar plant material with similar watering reguirements due to environmental and or geographic influences including, but not limited to, soil type, slope, site orientation, and solar radiation Licensed landscape irrigators - Answer>> Responsibility to educate, promote, support and practice water conservation in the landscape irrigation industry in order to preserve one of out most precious resources on earth Absorption Rate - Answer>> The speed at which water can penetrate or infiltrate the soil

Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) - Answer>> Backflow prevention device that allows air into the piping system, with the use of a float that moves up and down, to prevent backsiphonage. Cannot be under constant pressure for more than 12 hours in one 24 hour window. A minimum of 6" higher than all down stream piping. A separate AVB must be installed on the discharge side of each control valve, between the valve and all emission devices. Automatic control valve - Answer>> An electrical or hydraulic remote control valve in a sprinkler system which is activated by an automatic controller Backflow - Answer>> An unwanted reversal of the flow of water in a piping system which can potentially allow non-potable water to pollute or contaminate the potable water supply. Backpressure - Answer>> Any condition that could create pressure in the discharge side of the piping system that is greater than that of the supply side of the system. Backsiphonage - Answer>> A form of backflow due to negative or sub-atmospheric pressure within water system. Backflow prevention methods - Answer>> Any approved device which prevents an undesirable reversal of flow of water by the introduction of air, check valves, or a combination of both. Backflow prevention devices - Answer>> Air Gap Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB) Double Check Valve Assembly (DCA) Reduced Pressure Prevention Device (RP)

Ball Driven Heads - Answer>> Rotary sprinkler in which roatation is achieved by a steel ball which is set into a circular motion by water passing through the head Bubblers - Answer>> Similar to drip emitters except that they have a much higher flow rate Flood a small area and the water continues to infiltrate into the soil after the bubbler has been shutoff. Applicable in areas where small basins can be constructed to contain the water and where the soil is surface is level. Bushing - Answer>> The pipe fitting used to change an irrigation component to a larger or smaller size C-factor - Answer>> Rating the smoothness inside of the pipe - higher the factor translates to more smoothness Check Valve - Answer>> A valve that allows flow in one direction only Class Pipe - Answer>> Four classes used for piping and fittings receiving used water from buildings. (Class 125-160-200-315) Class 200 being the most common Control Wires - Answer>> The wire that transmits the signals from automatic controller to automatic electric valves to open and close the valves. cross-connection - Answer>> Any actual or potential connection between a potable water supply and any source of contamination or pollution

Dynamic water - Answer>> Water that is in motion through a system Elevation gain - Answer>> Pressure gained as water is used downhill from its source Elevation lost - Answer>> Pressure lost as water is used uphill from its source Emitters - Answer>> Small mechanical device used in drip irrigation to limit water flow to a drip or slow trickle Evaporation - Answer>> The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas Evapotranspiration (ET) - Answer>> loss of water by evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration by plants FIP - Answer>> Female Iron Pipe Flow-Control Valve - Answer>> A device that controls the rate of flow of a fluid. Foot of head - Answer>> A measure of pressure equivalent to .433 pounds per square inch and equal to the weight of one vertical foot of water on a one-square inch surface. FPS - Answer>> Feet per second Friction loss - Answer>> The reduction in pressure resulting from the water being in contact with the side of the hose. This contact requires force to overcome the drag that the wall of the hose creates.

Gate Valve - Answer>> Control valve with a solid plate operated by a handle and screw mechanism. Rotating the handle moves the plate into or out of the waterway. Gauge (wire) - Answer>> Standards used for wire sizing. the larger the gauge number, the smaller the wire. Gear Driven Heads - Answer>> Type of rotary sprinkler head that has a slower, constant rotation that is achieved by water passing through a series of gears within a head. Globe Valve - Answer>> A valve which uses a rubber or composition plug against the valve body seat to restrict or stop the flow of water. GPH - Answer>> Gallons per hour GPM - Answer>> Gallons per minute Gray water - Answer>> Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from household sinks, tubs, and washers. Head to Head Spacing - Answer>> Spacing of heads that is equal to the published radius. Hydraulics - Answer>> The study of fluid while in motion or at rest Hydrozone - Answer>> A portion of the landscaped area having plants with similar water needs that are served by a valve or set of valves with the same schedule

Loop Main Line - Answer>> A main line designed to provide water to any valve from two or more directions. Generally improves hydraulics in larger landscapes. Manifold - Answer>> A group of two or more control valves together in one location and/or valve box. Master valve - Answer>> Automatic or manual valve installed at the supply point which controls water flow into the system main line piping. Matched precipitation (MPR) - Answer>> All sprinkler heads within a watering zone will produce similar precipitation rates, regardless of the pattern they cover. MIP - Answer>> Male iron pipe MIPT - Answer>> Male iron pipe thread Non-potable water - Answer>> Water not safe for drinking, personal, or culinary utilization. Nozzle Tree - Answer>> Interchangeable nozzle assortment, with different GPM and radii, provided with many rotary heads POC - Answer>> Point of connection Polyethylene Pipe (PE) - Answer>> Flexible plastic pipe which uses insert fittings. Potable water - Answer>> water that is safe to drink Precipitation rate - Answer>> Precipitation rate (PR) is a calculation of the flow rate (application rate) over the square

footage of the zone. 96.25 = constant that converts gallons per minute (GPM) to inches per hour. Pressure compensating - Answer>> A method of maintaining a constant discharge pressure regardless of inlet pressure. Pressure Regulator - Answer>> Mechanical device that lowers water pressure on the downstream side of the unit. Pressure Vacuum Breaker - Answer>> A backflow prevention assembly that incorporates a spring-loaded check valve and introduces air into the system to prevent "back siphonage" P.S.I. - Answer>> Pounds per square inch PVC pipe - Answer>> Poly vinyl chloride pipe. Quick Coupler Valve - Answer>> A constantly pressurized valve set vertically in the ground to provide supplemental water when a coupler key is inserted. Radius - Answer>> The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle Reduced pressure principle device (RP,RPZ, or RPP) - Answer>> Backflow prevention device that consist of two independently acting check valves, together with an automatic operating pressure differential relief valve located between the two check valves. Rotary heads - Answer>> Sprinkler heads that use the energy of the water to rotate the sprinkler. Most common heads are impact, gear and ball driven heads.

Solvent - Answer>> A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances Solvent welding - Answer>> a solvent is applied to both surfaces to temporarily dissolve the polymer at room temperature Spray heads - Answer>> Sprinkler heads that throw a uniform sheet of water in a fixed or adjustable pattern. Static Pressure - Answer>> The force exerted by an enclosed, non-moving fluid when pressure is applied to the fluid Static water - Answer>> Water that is not moving Swing Joint - Answer>> Flexible joint or pipe connecting a sprinkler head to a pipe. Thrust block - Answer>> A mass of concrete or similar material appropriately placed around a pipe to prevent movement when the pipe is carrying water. Usually placed at bends and valve structures. Transpiration - Answer>> Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant Valve-in-head - Answer>> indicates that the automatic control valve is part of the sprinkler Velocity of water - Answer>> Speed at which water travels through the piping systems. Measured in FPS. PVC= 5FPS Copper= 9FPS

Water Hammer - Answer>> The concussion and banging noise that results when a volume of water moving in a pipe suddenly stops or loses momentum. Water Window - Answer>> Allotted time available for watering through an irrigation system, usually within a 24 hour period. Zone - Answer>> Group of sprinklers that are controlled by the same valve. Properly designed irrigation system can? - Answer>> Save water, time, and money Basic irrigation dates back? - Answer>> Thousands of years The impact sprinkler head was introduced by Rain Bird in? - Answer>> 1933 Landscape irrigation, as we know it, has been around since? - Answer>> Turn of the 20th century The issue of top priority in irrigation today is? - Answer>> Water conservation The shortage of water is a result of? - Answer>> Water being a fixed resource Every irrigation plan needs? - Answer>> North arrow, legend, stamp/seal Possible solutions to the scarcity of water include? - Answer>> Building desalination plants

A timing device which signals the automatic valves to open or close is called a...? - Answer>> Controller, clock, timer A device used to turn a quick coupler valve on and off is? - Answer>> Quick coupler key Minimum head pressure plus the total of all pressure losses equals...? - Answer>> Design pressure A graphic representation of precipitation is called...? - Answer>> A desogram The flexible portion of the remote control valve which regulates the passage of water through the valve is called? - Answer>> A diaphragm A device used in electrical troubleshooting is called..? - Answer>> A digital multi meter Which device can be used to help prevent freezing of water in the piping? - Answer>> Drain valve Slow application rates expressed in GPH are usually referring to what type of irrigation? - Answer>> Drip irrigation What small mechanical device is used to limit water flow to a very low drip or trickle? - Answer>> An emitter A measuring device that has measurements as a given number of feet per inch is? - Answer>> Engineer scale Wastewater, such as from your bath, sink, or washing machines, is called? - Answer>> Greywater

In order to run multiple sprinkler heads, with varying arcs, on the same zone, the sprinkler heads must have? - Answer>> Matched precipitation rates A method of maintaining a constant discharge pressure regardless of inlet pressure is called? - Answer>> Pressure compensating A motorized device which creates, or boosts pressure is? - Answer>> A pump Domestic or municipal wastewater which has been treated to a quality suitable for beneficial use, such as landscape irrigation is called? - Answer>> Reclaimed water or recycled water A drawing of an installed irrigation system showing major components is? - Answer>> Called a record drawing The process of calculating and managing the time and amount of water to apply to the landscape is referred to as? - Answer>> Scheduling A swing joint is used to? - Answer>> To prevent damage to the head Xeriscaping is? - Answer>> Promotes water conservation and utilizes mulching & efficient irrigation Heads that have valves incorporated within them are referred to as? - Answer>> Valve-in-heads The slow application of water directly to the root zone using very low pressure is considered? - Answer>> Drip irrigation

If the pressure in the sprinkler system exceeds the pressure in the supply side, what phenomenon occurs? - Answer>> Backpressure What is the unobstructed vertical distance through free atmosphere between the lowest point of a water supply outlet and the flood level rim of the fixture or assembly into which the outlet discharges? - Answer>> Air gap The vertical, physical seperations, in an air gap, must be? - Answer>> Atleast twice the diameter of the water supply outlet but never less than one inch Which backflow device has to be installed 6" above the highest head or outlet? - Answer>> AVB The maximum number of hours an AVB can be under constant pressure? - Answer>> 12 How high does a pressure vacuum breaker have to be installed? - Answer>> 12" above the highest head or outlet Which backflow device incorporates one check valve? - Answer>> PVB Which backflow device uses a pressure differential relief valve? - Answer>> RP Which backflow device has to be installed 12" above grade? - Answer>> RP Which of the following devices can be used if there is a health hazard? - Answer>> RP and PVB

An electrical valve is also called? - Answer>> Automatic control valve Backsiphonage is a form of backflow that could be induced by? - Answer>> A break in the city main Poly vinyl chloride represents what type of irrigation piping? - Answer>> PVC To help manage the proper scheduling of water to the landscape, you need to install? - Answer>> Rain, freeze, soil moisture, and wind sensors Which indicates matched precipitation rates? - Answer>> Quarter heads- 1GPM Half heads- 2GPM Three quarter heads- 3GPM Full heads- 4GPM Increased pressure as the head will result in? - Answer>> Increased GPM and throw Excessive pressure at the head will result in? - Answer>> Misting, fogging, wasted water, pattern absorption, decreased performance What type of sprinkler head throws a uniform sheet of water in a fixed or adjustable pattern? - Answer>> Spray heads The average application rate for spray heads is? - Answer>> 1- 3" per hour Spray heads throw? - Answer>> 4-20'