Download Exam 1 | MATH 15500 - Basic Statistical Reasoning and more Quizzes Mathematics in PDF only on Docsity!
Observational Study
resear observe/measures some characteristic but does not try to influence the response. Only observes and records inforamtion/observations. The purpose is to be descriptive TERM 2
Scientific
Experiment
DEFINITION 2 researcher administers some treatment to the group being studied and then measures the response. The purpose is to see if the treatment caused a change to occur. Allows you to study cause and effect relationships. TERM 3
Convenience Sample
DEFINITION 3 select whoever is easiest to reach; people in shopping mall; unrepresentative sample- excludes parts of the population; generates unreliable data or information about the population. Very subjective TERM 4
Voluntary Response Sample
DEFINITION 4 You select yourself to be in the sample; call in or write in polls- unrepresentative TERM 5
Parameter
DEFINITION 5 a number calculated form the population; a number that tells us something about the population; the actual number in the population; the truth about the population; needs to be estimated
Sample Statistic
a number calculated from the sample; a number that tells us something aobu the sample; value of is known because it can be calculated from sample data/information. we use these to estimate the population parameter. TERM 7
Random Sampling Error
DEFINITION 7 the difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter this error is the only error measured by the margin of error caused by chance in selecting a random sample the size of the error can be influence by sample size (the larger the sample size, the smaller the error.) TERM 8
Undercoverage
DEFINITION 8 you miss certain groups when taking a sample caused by using an incomplete sampling frame (list) TERM 9
Processing Error
DEFINITION 9 (clerical error) typos (basically) TERM 10
Response Error
DEFINITION 10 when subjects/individuals lie to you and you record the wrong answer
Block Design
separate subjects into blocks (pre-sort/match) randomly assign them to experimental/compart groups or to as many treatments as you want to compare then study each block separately compare response variable TERM 17
Basic Data Ethics
DEFINITION 17
- institutional review board - informed consent - confidentiality *need to protect subjects from harm
