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EMT-B Basic Exam Review: Questions and Answers for Certification, Exams of Nursing

National Polytechnic CollegeNursing

A comprehensive review of essential topics for the emt-b basic final exam. It covers key areas such as stress management, routes of transmission, duty to act, scope of practice, consent, ethics, and anatomical terminology. Additionally, it includes questions and answers related to respiratory and cardiovascular systems, vital signs, and patient movement techniques, making it a valuable resource for emt-b students preparing for their certification exam. This study guide is designed to help students reinforce their understanding of critical concepts and procedures necessary for providing effective emergency medical care. It serves as a quick reference for essential knowledge and skills required in the field.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/11/2025

Nurseexcel
Nurseexcel 🇺🇸

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EMT-B Basic Final Exam Review Questions and Answers Tested A+
1. WhogsetsgthegcurriculumgforgallgEMSgcourses?:gDOT
2. ProvidesgnationalgstandardsgforgEMTgtestinggandgcertification.:gNationalgReg-gistery
3. Physiciangwhogauthorizes/delegatesgauthoritygtogprovidegmedicalgcaregingthegfield.:gMedi
calgControl
4. Recognition,gpatientgassesment,gcontinuedgassesmentgandgstabilizationginghospital,gd
efinitivegcare.:gContinuumgofgCare
5. Typesgofgstressginclude::gCumulative,gpost-
traumaticgstressgreaction,geustruss,gacutegstress,gandgchronicgstress
6. S/Sgofgstressginclude::gIncreasedgrespiratorygrate,gheartgrate,gandgB/P,gva-
gsodilation,gdialtedgpupils,gtensedgmuscles,gincreasedgglucoseglevels,gperspiration,gdeacrea
sedgbloodgflowgtoggastrointestinalgtract,girritability,ginabilitygtogconcentrate,gdifficultgorgincre
asedgsleeping,ganxiety,gguilt,glossgofgappetite,gdecreasedgsexualgactivity,glossgofginterestging
work,galcholism,gdrugguse.
7. Managementgofgstressgincludes::gEliminategstressors,gchangegpartners,ggetgridgofgnegativeg
personalities,gchangegworkghours,greducegovertime,gchangegyourgattitude,gdon'tgobsessgovergwh
atgyougcan'tgchange,gexcercise,gdiet.
8. FightgorgFlightgresponse::gDuringgangacutegstressgresponse,gthegautonomicgnervousgsyste
mgisgactivatedgandgthegbodygincreasesglevelgofgcotricol,gadrenilen,gandgotherghormonesgthatgpr
oducegangincreasedgheartgrate,gquickgbreathing,gandghighergBP.gBloodgisgshuntedgfromgextremi
tiesgtogthegbiggmusclesgtog"fightgorgflight".
9. Routesgofgtransmissionginclude::gDirectg-
gtouchgorgdropletsgIndirectg-gspreadgbyginanimategobjects
Mechanicalg(vectorgborn)g-gbyginsects
Biologicalg-gTransmissionsgbygwhichgtheggermsglivegorggrowgAirborneg-
gsneezes,gcoughs
Dustg-gmaygcarrygpores,gmaygremaingforglonggperiods.
10. Controlgandgpreventiongofgcontaminationginclude?:gHandgwashing,ggloves,geyegprotecti
on,ggowns,gmasks,gmask,grespirators,gbarriergdevices,gandgimmuniza-gtions.
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1 g/g

EMT-B Basic Final Exam Review Questions and Answers Tested A+

  1. WhogsetsgthegcurriculumgforgallgEMSgcourses?:g DOT
  2. ProvidesgnationalgstandardsgforgEMTgtestinggandgcertification.:g NationalgReg-gistery
  3. Physiciangwhogauthorizes/delegatesgauthoritygtogprovidegmedicalgcaregingthegfield.:g Medi calgControl
  4. Recognition,gpatientgassesment,gcontinuedgassesmentgandgstabilizationginghospital,gd efinitivegcare.:g ContinuumgofgCare
  5. Typesgofgstressginclude::g Cumulative,gpost- traumaticgstressgreaction,geustruss,gacutegstress,gandgchronicgstress
  6. S/Sgofgstressginclude::g Increasedgrespiratorygrate,gheartgrate,gandgB/P,gva- gsodilation,gdialtedgpupils,gtensedgmuscles,gincreasedgglucoseglevels,gperspiration,gdeacrea sedgbloodgflowgtoggastrointestinalgtract,girritability,ginabilitygtogconcentrate,gdifficultgorgincre asedgsleeping,ganxiety,gguilt,glossgofgappetite,gdecreasedgsexualgactivity,glossgofginterestging work,galcholism,gdrugguse.
  7. Managementgofgstressgincludes::g Eliminategstressors,gchangegpartners,ggetgridgofgnegativeg personalities,gchangegworkghours,greducegovertime,gchangegyourgattitude,gdon'tgobsessgovergwh atgyougcan'tgchange,gexcercise,gdiet.
  8. FightgorgFlightgresponse::g Duringgangacutegstressgresponse,gthegautonomicgnervousgsyste mgisgactivatedgandgthegbodygincreasesglevelgofgcotricol,gadrenilen,gandgotherghormonesgthatgpr oducegangincreasedgheartgrate,gquickgbreathing,gandghighergBP.gBloodgisgshuntedgfromgextremi tiesgtogthegbiggmusclesgtog"fightgorgflight".
  9. Routesgofgtransmissionginclude::g Directg- gtouchgorgdropletsgIndirectg-gspreadgbyginanimategobjects Mechanicalg(vectorgborn)g-gbyginsects Biologicalg-gTransmissionsgbygwhichgtheggermsglivegorggrowgAirborneg- gsneezes,gcoughs Dustg-gmaygcarrygpores,gmaygremaingforglonggperiods.
  10. Controlgandgpreventiongofgcontaminationginclude?:g Handgwashing,ggloves,geyegprotecti on,ggowns,gmasks,gmask,grespirators,gbarriergdevices,gandgimmuniza-gtions.

2 g/g

  1. DutygtogActgis?:g Angobligationgtogprovidegcare.
  2. Dutiesginclude::g Dutygto:
  • Respond
  • Obeyglawsgandgregulations
  • Operategangemergerncygvehiclegreasonablygandgprudently
  • Providegcaregandgtransportationgtogexpectedgstandard
  • Providegcaregandgtransportgconsistentgwithgthegscopegofgpracticegandglocalgmedicinegprotocol
  • Continuegandgtransportgthroughgtogitsgappropriategconclusion

4 g/g

  1. Ventral:g Bellygsidegofgthegbody
  2. Dorsal:g Spinalgsidegofgthegbody
  3. Palmar:g Thegpalms
  4. Plantar:g Thegsolesgofgthegfeet
  5. Apex:g Tipgofgagstructure
  6. Bilateral:g Bothgsides

5 g/g

  1. Unilatral:g Onegside
  2. Ipsilateral:g Refersgtogthegsamegsidegofgthegbody
  3. Flexion:g bendinggofgagjoint
  4. Extension:g Straightninggofgagjoint
  5. Adduction:g Movinggtowardsgmidline
  6. Abduction:g movinggawaygfromgmidline
  7. Skullg(cranium)gcontains::g Occiputgtemporalgregions,gparietalgregion,gmandible,gzygomas,g maxillae,gorbit
  8. Spinegconsistsgof::g Cervicalg(7),gThoracicg(12),gLumbarg(5),gSacrumg(5),gCoccyx (4)
  9. Thoracicgcontains::g Ribsg(12),gspine,gsternum,gclavical,gscapula,glungs,gheart,gdiaphrag m.
  10. Pelvisgconsistsgof::g Illiumg(crest),gischiumg(buttgbone),gandgpubis.
  11. Femur:g Boneglocatedgingthegthigh
  12. Patella:g thegboneglocatedgatgthegknee
  13. Tibia:g Anteriorgbonegingtheglowergleg
  14. Fibula:g Posteriorgboneginglowergleg
  15. Tarsals:g Bonesgingthegankle
  16. Metatarsals:g thegbonesgthatgleadgtogthegtoes.gAlsogcalledgphalanges
  17. Humerus:g Sopportinggbonegofgthegforearm
  18. Radius:g Bonegingforearmg"ongthegthumbgside",glargergingthegproximalgforearm.
  19. Ulna:g Bonegingforearmg"ongtheglittlegfingergside",glargergingthegdistalgforearm.
  20. Carpals:g Bonesgingthegwrist
  21. Metacarpals:g Bonesgingthegfootgleadinggtogthegphalanges
  22. ThegRUQgcontains::g Liver,ggallbladder,gbilegduct,gcolon,gpancreas
  23. LUQgcontains::g Stomach,gspleen,gpancreas,gcolon
  24. RLQgcontains::g Cecum,gsmallgintestines,gappendix
  25. LLQgcontains::g intestines
  26. Skeletalgmuscleg(voluntary)::g Attachesgtogthegskeleton
  27. Striatedgmuscle::g Alsogcalledgskeletelgmuscles
  28. Smoothgmuscleg(involuntary)::g Gastrointestinalgtract,gurinarygsystems,gbloodgvessels,gb

7 g/g

  1. Secondarygrespiratorygdrivegis?:g hypoxicgdrive.g(Whengoxygengfalls,gthisgwillgstimulategb reathing)
  2. Maingdifferencegbetweengadultgandgchildrengairway?:g Childrenghavegsmallergandglessgrig idgairways.
  3. Adultgrespgrategis?:g 12 gtog 20
  4. Childgrespgrategit?:g 15 gtog 30
  5. Infantgrespgrategis?:g 25 gtog 50
  6. Whengassessinggbreathing,gbreathinggshouldgappear::g easy,gnotglabored.gYougshouldgnotgb egablegtogseegorgheargagptgbreathing.
  7. Inadequategbreathinggmeans::g agpersongcannotgmovegenoughgairgintogtheglungsgwithgeachgb reath,gthusgnotgmeetinggmetabolicgneeds.
  8. Signsgofgadequategbreathinggingangadultginclude::g Non- labored,gnormalgrate,gregulargrhythm,ggoodgaudiblegbreathgsounds,gregulargrisegandgfallgofgchest,g movementgofgabdomen.
  9. Signsgofgadequategbreathinggingagpediginclude::g non- labored,gnormalgrate,gregulargrhythm,ggoodgaudiblegbreathgsounds,gregulargrisegandgfallgofgc hest,gandgmovementgofgthegabdomen.
  10. Inadequategsignsgofgbreathinggingadultginclude::g Musclegretractions,gpalegorgcyantoic,gc oldgandgdampgskin,gtripodgposition,gandgnoisygbreathing.
  11. Signsgofginadequategbreathinggingangpediginclude::g musclegretractions,gpalegorgcyanotic,gco ldgandgdampgskin,gtripodgposition,gnasalgflaring,gandgseesawgrespirations.
  12. Normalgheartgadultsgare::g 60 gtog 100
  13. Normalgchildgheartgratesgare::g 70 gtog 150
  14. Normalginfantgheartgratesgare::g 100 gtog 160
  15. Heart::g Aghollowgorgangthatgconsistsgofg 2 gatriasgandg 2 gventricles.gItgisganginvolun- gtarygmuscle,gcontrolledgbygautonomicgnervousgsystem.
  16. Passagewaygthroughgthegheart::g Bloodgarrivesgviagtheginferior/superiorgvenagcava.gItgenter sgthegrightgatrium,ggoesgthroughgthegtriscuspidgvalvegandgintogthegrightgventricle,gandgthenggoes gthroughgthegpulmonarygvalvegtogtheglungs.gThegbloodgthengreentersgthegheartgthroughgthegpulm onarygveingintogthegleftgatrium,gthroughgthegmitralgvalve,gthengthegleftgventriclegthroughgthegaorti cgvalve.

8 g/g

  1. Arteriesgcarry?:g Oxygenatedgblood
  2. Veinsgcarry?:g Deoxygenatedgblood
  3. Capillariesgallow::g ExchangegofgoxygengandgCO2.
  4. Thegbodygholdsghowgmanyglitersgofgblood?:g 5 - 6 gliters.
  5. Howglonggdoesgitgtakegthegbodygtogpumpgthegentiregsupplygofgblood?:g onegminute.
  6. NormalgSystolicgBPgingangadult::g 90 gtog 140 gsystolic.
  7. NormalgsystolicgBPgingagchild::g 80 - 110 gsystolic

10 g/g 13 erategbutgrealtedgprocessesg- gbreathgandgcirculation.gAsgweginhale,gO2gmovesgfromgthegatmospheregintogtheglungsgthengpas sesgfromgthegalveoligingtheglungsgintogthegcapillariesgtogoxygenategthegblood.gAtgthegsamegtime, gCO2gproducedgbygthegcellsgingthegtissuesgingthegbody,gmovesgfromgthegbloodgintogthegalveoli.g ThegbloodgenrichedgwithgO2gtravelsgthroughgthegthegbodygbygpumpinggofghegheart.gOngexhalati on,gCO2gisgexpirated.

11 g/g 13

  1. Whatgisghypoxia?:g Dangerousgconditiongingwhichgthegthegbody'sgtissuesgandgcellsgdognotg havegenoughgoxygengWithoutginterventions,gthegptgwillgdiegwithingminutes.
  2. HeartgAttack:g TissuesgbegingtogdiegfromglackgofgO2,gweakenedgheartgthengpumpsgbl oodgpoorlygtogrestgofgbody,gresultinggingsystemicgshock.
  3. PulmonarygEdema:g Fluidgaccumulatesgingtheglungs,gmakinggthegexchangegof )2gandgCO2gingthegalveoliglessgefficient.
  4. Acutegnarcoticgorgsedativegoverdose:g Respgmaygdecreasegandgbecomegshallow.
  5. smokeginhalation/toxicgfumes:g Causesgpulmonarygedemagandgdestroysglunggtissue,gca usinggproblemsgwithggasgexchange.
  6. Stroke:g Maygcauseghypoxiagduegtogfacialgdroopinggorgmaygdamagegrespirationgcentergofgt hegbrain.
  7. ChestgInjury:g Painginterferesgwithgfullgchestgexpansion,gthusglimitinggventila- gtions.gLunggdamagegitselfgisgsecondarygtogpulmonarygcontusion,gcangalsogpreventggasgexch ange.
  8. Shock:g Occursgasgagresultgofginjuriesgthatgaffectgthegcirculatorygsystem.gWhengthegcircul atorygsystemgfails,ghypoxiagbeinggtogsetgin.
  9. COPD:g Chronicgirritationgofgtheglungsgandgpassagewaysgproducesgalveolargdamagega ndgpoorggasgexchange.
  10. Asthma:g Narrowinggofgthegrespiratorygpassagesgandgbuildupgofgmucusgcausesgtrappinggo fgairgandgpoorggasgexchange.
  11. PrematuregBirth:g Pulmonarygsurfactantgisgdecreasedgingsomegprematuregin- gfants,gtherefore,gprematuritygisgoftengassociatedgwithghypoxia.gThegmoregprematureganginfant, gthegworsegtheghypoxia.
  12. Whatgisghypoxicgdrive?:g BackupgsystemgtogcontrolgrespirationsgwhengO2glevelsgfall.
  13. OralgAdjuncts::g aregusedgtogkeepgthegtonguegfromgblockinggtheguppergairway.gUsegtogma kegitgeasiergtogsuctiongthegoropharynxgifgneccesary.
  14. OropharyngealgadjunctgIndications::g Usedgongunconsciousgptsgwhoghavegnoggaggreflexga ndgusedgwithgBVM.
  15. Oropharyngealgadjunctgcontraindications::g Consciousgpt,ganygptgwhoghasgaggaggreflex.
  16. Nasopharyngealgadjunctgindications::g Semiconsciousgorgunconsciousgptgwithgitnac tggaggreflex,gptsgwhogwillgnotgtolerategangoralgairway.

13 g/g 13

  1. Whengsuctioning::g Mustgkeepgairwaygcleargsogthatgptgcangbegventilatedgprop- gerly.gIfgitgisgnotgclear,gfluidsgwillgbegforcedgintogtheglungsgandgpossiblygcausegaglungginfection.
  2. Typesgofgsuctiongdevicesginclude::g Plastic,grigidgsuctiongtipsg(TonsilgorgYankauer) NonrigidgplasticgcathetersgcallgFrenchgorgWhistle-tip.
  3. Preferredgoropharynxgsuctioninggdevicegis::g Yankauersg(tonsilgtip)
  4. Preferredgnasopharynxgsuctioninggdevicegis::g Frenchgwhistle.
  5. Howgdogyougmaintaingthegairwaygingagptgwhogisgnotginjuredgandgbreathinggonghis/hergowng witghnormalgrategandgadeqautegtidalgvolume?:g placegingthegrecoverygposition.