HIST 1112 World Civilizations II Dr. Timothy May
Empires and Imperialism, 1750-1870
HIST 1112
Dr. Timothy May
I. Southern Africa
a. 16th century Bantu peoples occupied eastern part of Southern Africa
i. practiced agriculture and herding
ii. traded with neighboring areas
iii. chiefdoms of various size
1. rulers selected with popular support
iv. Competition for land
1. western regions were drier and not as good for cattle
2. left it to the Khoikhoi and the San
b. 1652 Dutch establish colony at Cape Town.
i. settlers develop large estates worked by slaves
ii. 1760 Afrikaners crossed the Orange River
iii. encounter the Bantu
c. Britain occupies Dutch colony in 1795.
i. Attempt to limit Afrikaner expansion
ii. 1834—Great Trek
iii. Set up Transvaal and Orange Free State.
d. Rise of the Zulu
i. 1818 Shaka gains authority.
1. creates a formidable military force
2. regiments divided along lineage and age
3. forms the buffalo formation
ii. Shaka assassinated in 1828.
iii. Successors have growing polity.
iv. Mfecane
1. rise of Zulu and other Nguni chiefdoms
2. Time of wars and wandering.
a. Refugees create new states
b. Include Lesotho and Swazi
c. used Zulu tactics to establish new kingdoms
v. Encountered Europeans
1. First Afrikaners.
a. Superior firepower helped Afrikaners
2. Zulus remained powerful until 1870s
a. British defeated them.
II. Western Intrusion into Middle East
a. Napoleon invaded Egypt in 1798
i. defeated Mamluks
ii. Napoleon escaped and the French withdrew in 1801.
iii. ramifications:
1. broke the local power balance.
