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Emergency Care Chapter 9 and 10 Test
Questions
A person exhibiting signs of inadequate breathing is at risk of going into _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer
✔️ ✔️ respiratory failure
_____________________ _____________________ is the reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life; when breathing stops completely, the patient is in _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Respiratory failure; respiratory arrest
To determine the signs of adequate breathing, you should _____________________ for chest expansion, _____________________ for air, and _____________________ for air moving out of the nose and mouth. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ look; listen; feel
A blue or gray color to the patient's skin or nail beds is called _____________________ and is a sign of breathing difficulty. - Correct
Answer ✔️ ✔️ cyanosis
The most difficult part of delivering BVM artificial ventilations is obtaining an adequate _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ mask seal
_____________________-_____________________ _____________________ are found on older BVMs and may prevent adequate ventilations. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Pop-off valves
BVM systems with an _____________________ reservoir can deliver approximately _____________________oxygen. - Correct Answer ✔️
✔️ oxygen; 100%
Venturi masks allow specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with ________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer
✔️ ✔️ inhaled air
_____________________ percent to _____________________ percent.
- Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ nonrebreather mask; 80; 100
Duration of flow from an oxygen cylinder is calculated by subtracting the safe residual pres- sure (200 psi) from the _____________________ _____________________ in psi, multi- plying it times the constant (based on the size of the tank), then dividing by the _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ gauge pressure; flow rate
List at least ten signs of inadequate breathing. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ • Chest movements are absent, minimal, or uneven. • Patient is using abdominal breathing. • No air can be felt or heard at the nose or mouth, or the amount of air exchanged is evaluated to be below normal. • Breath sounds are diminished or absent. • Noises such as wheezing, crowing, stridor, snoring, gurgling, or gasping are heard. • The rate of breathing is too rapid or slow. • Breathing is very shallow, very deep, or appears labored. • The patient's skin, lips, tongue,
earlobes, or nail beds are blue or gray. • Inspirations are prolonged, or expirations are prolonged. • The patient is unable to speak, or the patient cannot speak full sentences. • In children, watch for retractions above the clavicles and between and below the ribs. • Look for nasal flaring, especially in infants and children.
List the four principal procedures used in treating life-threatening respi- ratory problems. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ • open and maintain the airway. • Provide artificial ventilation to the nonbreathing patient, or the patient with inadequate breathing. • Provide supplemental oxygen to the breathing patient. • Ensure a clear airway with frequent suctioning, as needed.
If an unconscious patient gags when the insertion of an oral airway is inserted, the EMT should stop and attempt to insert an _______________ _________________ instead. - Correct Answer ✔️
✔️ nasal airway
The reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is inade- quate to support life is called: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Respiratory failure
A 45-year-old is suffering from an acute asthma attack. You expect the patient to have: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Decreased tidal volume
Which of the following methods for providing ventilatory assistance is considered most effective? - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Two-person bag-valve mask technique with high-flow supplemental oxygen
Signs of inadequate artificial ventilation of an adult patient include: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ failure of the patient's skin color to improve.
If oxygen is connected to a pocket face mask, the setting on the oxygen tank regulator should be set to: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ 15 lpm
What device on a bag-valve mask may prevent adequate ventilation? - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ A pop off valve
A potential complication of ventilating the patient with a bag-valve mask is: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Gastric distension
A nasal cannula should be used to deliver oxygen to a patient who: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ will not tolerate a nonrebreather mask.
Safety is of prime importance when working with oxygen; which of the following is therefore true? - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Always store reserve oxygen tanks in a cool and ventilated place.
Oxygen cylinder sizes vary, but all are considered "full" when pressure is equal to: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ 2000 psi
An insufficiency in the supply of oxygen to the body's tissues is called: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ Hypoxia
The first step of emergency care in the patient with inadequate breathing is: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ opening and maintaining the patient's airway
The most popular type of suction tip used in the pre-hospital setting is:
- Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ rigid pharyngeal tip (Yankauer)
Nasopharyngeal airways must be lubricated to ease insertion; you should use: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ any water-based lubricant
One method of determining which size oropharyngeal airway to use is by: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ measuring from the corner of the patient's mouth to the tip of the earlobe on the same side.
Try to limit suctioning to no longer than: - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ 10 seconds
Despite all other patient care delivered, no patient will survive without a(n) _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ open airway
The EMT's chief responsibilities are finding and correcting immediately _____________________-_____________________ problems. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ life-threatening
Minimal or uneven chest movements, diminished breath sounds, and noisy breathing are signs of _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ inadequate breathing
The two procedures commonly used for opening a patient's airway are the _____________________-_____________________, _____________________- _____________________ maneuver if no trauma is suspected, and the _____________________- _____________________ maneuver, if head, neck, or spine in- jury is suspected. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ head-tilt, chin-lift; jaw-thrust
The most common impediment to an open airway is the _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ tongue
Use an airway adjunct on all _____________________ patients who do not exhibit a _____________________ _____________________. - Correct Answer ✔️ ✔️ unconscious; gag reflex
