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Introduction to Personality Theories: Approaches & Trait Taxonomy, Quizzes of Psychology

Definitions of various personality theories and approaches, including lexical, theoretical, and statistical approaches. It also introduces key terms such as cardinal dispositions, central dispositions, secondary dispositions, common traits, and individual traits. The works of allport, cattell, eysenck, and mccrae and costa, and discusses concepts like l-data, q-data, t-data, correlation matrix, factor loading, source traits, personality types, psychoticism, extraverts, introverts, neuroticism, openness, substantive, and evaluative.

Typology: Quizzes

2012/2013

Uploaded on 03/22/2013

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TERM 1
lexical approach
DEFINITION 1
determining the importance of a disposition based on the
frequency with which it appears in ordinary language
TERM 2
theoretical approach
DEFINITION 2
determining the importance of dispositions by looking to a
particular theory
TERM 3
statistical approach
DEFINITION 3
determining the importance of dispositions by applying
statistical procedures to date from a large group of people
TERM 4
cardinal disposition (Allport)
DEFINITION 4
a trait that dominates a persons entire existence; very few
people have cardinal dispositions
TERM 5
central dispositions (Allport)
DEFINITION 5
a trait that manifests itself in many aspects of personality;
most individuals have between 3-10
pf3
pf4
pf5

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lexical approach

determining the importance of a disposition based on the

frequency with which it appears in ordinary language

TERM 2

theoretical approach

DEFINITION 2

determining the importance of dispositions by looking to a

particular theory

TERM 3

statistical approach

DEFINITION 3

determining the importance of dispositions by applying

statistical procedures to date from a large group of people

TERM 4

cardinal disposition (Allport)

DEFINITION 4

a trait that dominates a persons entire existence; very few

people have cardinal dispositions

TERM 5

central dispositions (Allport)

DEFINITION 5

a trait that manifests itself in many aspects of personality;

most individuals have between 3-

secondary dispositions (Allport)

a trait that manifests itself in only a few aspects of

personality

TERM 7

common traits (Allport)

DEFINITION 7

dispositions that allow direct trait comparisons across people

TERM 8

patterned individuality (Allport)

DEFINITION 8

the assumption that each person has a unique inner

organization of traits, motives, and personal style

TERM 9

individual traits (Allport)

DEFINITION 9

those important characteristics of the individual that do not

lead themselves to comparisons across people

TERM 10

Type A

DEFINITION 10

a behavior pattern characterized by a high competitive drive

coupled with a continuous rush to meet deadlines, predictive

of later heart attacks

factor loading

the correlation of a particular measure with a particular

factor

TERM 17

source traits (Cattell)

DEFINITION 17

the underlying dispositions that determine behavior,

identified by factor analysis

TERM 18

personality types

(Eysenck)

DEFINITION 18

normally distributed dimensions of which all people differ

TERM 19

psychoticism

(Eysenck)

DEFINITION 19

the dimension of personality that includes a disposition

toward psychosis and psychopathy

TERM 20

extraverts

DEFINITION 20

a person who tends to be outgoing with people

introverts

a person who tends to be shy and anxious in social situations

TERM 22

neuroticism

(Eysenck)

DEFINITION 22

the personality dimension that includes a disposition toward

unrealistic fear and emotional instability

TERM 23

openness (McCrae and Costa)

DEFINITION 23

a personality factor including a disposition toward originality,

creativity, independence, and daring

TERM 24

substantive

DEFINITION 24

palpable, having solid mass, important, existing of its own,

independent of other factors

TERM 25

evaluative

DEFINITION 25

based on value judgements or subjective worth