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Virus and Tobacco Mosaic Disease: Definition, Structure, Reproduction, and Interactions, Quizzes of Biology

Definitions, structures, and reproduction cycles of viruses, including tobacco mosaic disease, and discusses their interactions with host cells. Topics covered include virus structure, nucleic acids, capsids, capsomeres, different shapes of capsids, viral reproduction, host range, lysogenic and lytic cycles, virulent and temperate phages, restriction enzymes, reverse transcriptase, viral evolution, plasmids, transposons, and viral disease damage. Also, an introduction to dna and rna viruses is given.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 05/01/2010

nfe522
nfe522 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Tobacco Mosaic Disease
DEFINITION 1
- Could spread through sap (of plants) - Cold not be grown on
nutrient media - Bacterial filter UNABLE to remove infectious
agent - Infectious capability UNDILUTED by filtration - Caused
by a virus
TERM 2
Virus
DEFINITION 2
- Very small - Simpler than bacteria - There is a debate over
whether they are alive.
TERM 3
Virus structure: _____ inside a _____ (_____) -
Some have a _____
DEFINITION 3
NUCLEIC ACID inside a PROTEIN COAT (CAPSID) - Some have
a MEMBRANOUS ENVELOPE
TERM 4
Nucleic Acids
DEFINITION 4
- DNA or RNA - Double stranded or single stranded - Usually
single linear or circular molecule - From 4 to 1,000 genes
TERM 5
Capsid
DEFINITION 5
- Protein coat of a virus - Built from CAPSOMERES
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Tobacco Mosaic Disease

- Could spread through sap (of plants) - Cold not be grown on

nutrient media - Bacterial filter UNABLE to remove infectious

agent - Infectious capability UNDILUTED by filtration - Caused

by a virus

TERM 2

Virus

DEFINITION 2

- Very small - Simpler than bacteria - There is a debate over

whether they are alive.

TERM 3

Virus structure: _____ inside a _____ (_____) -

Some have a _____

DEFINITION 3

NUCLEIC ACID inside a PROTEIN COAT (CAPSID) - Some have

a MEMBRANOUS ENVELOPE

TERM 4

Nucleic Acids

DEFINITION 4

- DNA or RNA - Double stranded or single stranded - Usually

single linear or circular molecule - From 4 to 1,000 genes

TERM 5

Capsid

DEFINITION 5

- Protein coat of a virus - Built from CAPSOMERES

Capsomeres

- Protein subunits that make up a capsid

TERM 7

Different Shapes of Capsid

Structure

DEFINITION 7

- Helical Capsid - Icosahedral Capsid - More complex Capsid

(Bacteriophages) - Viral envelope (around capsids)

TERM 8

Viral Reproduction

DEFINITION 8

- Viruses can only reproduece inside host cells - Host range

TERM 9

Host Range

DEFINITION 9

Species in which a virus can reproduce - Can be narrow (

species) or extensive - Often limited to specific tissues

TERM 10

How a virus interacts with its

host

DEFINITION 10

Viral surface proteins interact with cell receptor molecules

Lytic Cycle

- Hoest DNA destroyed - Host cell killed - Many new phages

released

TERM 17

Steps of Lytic Cycle: (5)

DEFINITION 17

1. Attachment 2. Injects DNA into bacteria. Degrades host

cell's DNA. 3. Synthesis of viral genomes and proteins 4.

Assembly 5. Release - Out to infect other bacteria

TERM 18

Virulent Phages

DEFINITION 18

Only go through Lytic Cycle

TERM 19

Temperate Phages

DEFINITION 19

Go through both Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles

TERM 20

Restriction Enzymes

DEFINITION 20

Destroy Viral DNA

Reverse Transcriptase

Transcribes RNA into DNA

TERM 22

Viral Evolution

DEFINITION 22

- Found in every form of life - May be related to other MOBILE

GENETIC ELEMENTS - Plasmids - Transposons - Are viruses

more closely related to each other or their host? - Nobody

Knows

TERM 23

Plasmids

DEFINITION 23

Circular DNA apart from genome

TERM 24

Transposons

DEFINITION 24

DNA that can move around in genome

TERM 25

Viral Disease Damage

By:

DEFINITION 25

- Release of hydrolitic enzymes from lysosomes - Cause cells

to produce toxins - Toxic viral envelope proteins