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CGS1060 Test 1 Study Guide
Questions with Verified Answers
Describe what is meant by the term "computer hardware" - ANSWERSthe physical parts of a computer system Describe the system unit of a computer - ANSWERStower or chassis; part of the computer that houses the motherboard, which is the circuit board that holds the computers main microprocessor Describe types of computers - ANSWERSlaptops, desktops, tablet, all-in-one computers, embedded computers, and 2-in-1 computers Identify a smartphone - ANSWERSa handheld computer with cellular networking capability Identify a media player - ANSWERSallow you to listen to audio files such as music,podcasts, read books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as Personal Media Players (PMP) due to their transportability and customization. Describe computer processors - ANSWERSAKA the central processing unit (CPU); the brains of the computer where most calculations take place Explain computer storage - ANSWERSresults of the processing are stored in RAM. Once the results are stored, the processor fetches the next instruction or piece of data. Explain graphics output - ANSWERSa computer's ability to display information; comes in many forms like images, video and audio Describe how a computer works - ANSWERSInput (fetch) - Process (decode) - Output (execute) - Store What is the boot process? - ANSWERSthe loading of an operating system into main memory of a device. Name the 4 steps of the boot process - ANSWERS1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS; 2.The Power-On Self-Test is executed; 3.The OS is loaded into RAM; 4.The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings
Describe speed regarding computers - ANSWERSThe speed of a digital device's processor is determined by a number of factors. Most important in determining a computer's speed are clock speed and bus width. Define hertz - ANSWERScycles per second; used to measure frequency Define bus - ANSWERSa channel over which information flows Define bus width - ANSWERSthe amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time Describe SAGE - ANSWERSstands for Semi-Automatic Ground Environment; developed by the US - a system of radar stations to warn of an incoming Soviet nuclear attack Describe packet switching - ANSWERSsending information in many small packets over multiple lines; part of the SAGE network Describe ARPAnet - ANSWERSthe US Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency (now called DARPA), hired Professor J.C.R. Licklider to connect the computer networks of 4 universities; UCSB, UCLA, Stanford University, and the University of Utah. This is designed such that even if individual computers or networks failed, ARPAnet would continue to work. Describe INTERnetworking - ANSWERSLicklider's team built ARPAnet, the forerunner of today's Internet. Initially the network was for military use only, but it soon split into MILnet and the academic INTERnet. Define an Internet Service Provider - ANSWERSprovides customers Internet access for a fee How do you determine what ISPs are available - ANSWERSlook online - dslreports.com and broadbandmap.gov Understanding transmission media - ANSWERSdescribes the means by which the internet signal is carried Describe fiber-optic cable - ANSWERSuses light waves to carry internet signals at extremely high speeds Describe coaxial cable - ANSWERSalso known as televisioncable or simply "coax", is comprised of a single copper wire with a braided wire shield, wrapped in insulation Describe twisted pair cable - ANSWERSAKA common telephone wire; is comprised of a pair of thin copper wires within an insulated cover
Define cable Internet connections - ANSWERSsend internet signals to your home using television (coaxial) cables; available where cable service is available Define fiber-optic Internet connections - ANSWERSoffers the fastest possible home Internet service; the provider runs fiber under the street and then a separate coaxial cable to each home Define satellite Internet connections - ANSWERSmakes broadband Internet available virtually everywhere; uses microwaves to transmit and receive Internet signals to satellites orbiting the Earth's equator. Define cellular Internet connections - ANSWERSthe most common way to access the internet; Internet signals are sent using cell phone radio waves Define a ping - ANSWERSa request for a response; used to check the path from a computer to a server over theinternet using the Internet Control Message Protocol Define uploading - ANSWERSsending files from your computer to a server on the Internet Define downloading - ANSWERSaccessing a file on the Internet and then copying it onto your computer Define streaming - ANSWERSwatching or listening to a file on the Internet without saving or copying it first Identify what is needed to setup a wireless network - ANSWERSinternet signal, modem, router Demonstrate how to setup a wireless network - ANSWERS1. connect the line to the modem & plug in the modem; 2. connect the modem to the router & plug in the router;
- turn on your computer and find the new WiFi signal Describe how to check an Internet connection speed - ANSWERSnavigate to one of several free speed check sites such as' speedtest.net or testmy.net and follow the site's instructions What is an SSID? - ANSWERSService Set Identifier; identifies a Wi-Fi signal Define the World Wide Web - ANSWERSthe billions of hypertext files accessible on the Internet Describe the history of the World Wide Web - ANSWERSUS gov wanted the Web to remain current with emerging technologies, so through DARPA, it hired Tim Berners- Lee & other scientists; founded W3C
Describe Web browsers - ANSWERSsoftware applications that allow users to access and surf the World Wide Web Differentiate between different Web browsers - ANSWERSdetermine which browser is best depends on which operating system you're using and personal preference Define a plug-in - ANSWERSa software that can be added to increase the functionality of a browser Identify various plug-ins - ANSWERSAdobe Flash Player, Microsoft Silverlight, Apple QuickTime Player, Java Define filters - ANSWERSlimit the material that a browser fetches or that a search engine displays Define software - ANSWERSprograms that offer the structure and control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices What is an operating system? - ANSWERSprovides the instructions necessary to run the central processing unit What is the Windows operating system? - ANSWERSoperating system owned by Microsoft; used in Microsoft's digital devices including desktops, laptops, phones, and tablet computers What are some advantages and disadvantages of the Windows operating system? - ANSWERSadvantages: great prices and availability of software; disadvantages: not as intuitive or as easy to use as Macs, more prone to viruses and other computer problems What is the Macintosh operating system? - ANSWERSoperating system designed and distributed by Apple Inc. and have a reputation for being very easy to use What are some advantages and disadvantages of the Macintosh operating system? - ANSWERSadvantages: user-friendly, reliable, few viruses, attractive design and outstanding graphics capabilities; disadvantages: cost more than PCs, not as widely used What is the Android operating system? - ANSWERSa Google product and based on the Linux operating system What are some advantages and disadvantages of the Android operating system? - ANSWERSadvantages: works well with Gmail and other Google products; disadvantages: not as easy to use as Apple operating systems
What is a folder? - ANSWERSa collection area where files and programs are housed; provide a structure for organizing information What are the 3 ways a folder can be created? - ANSWERS1. on the Command bar click "New Folder"; 2. Right-click the drive or folder in the folders list to create a new folder. Click "New" and then click "Folder"; 3. right-click any blank area in the Contents pane. Click "New" then click "Folder" What are the 3 ways a folder can be renamed? - ANSWERS1. click the folder icon and press F2 to activate edit mode; 2. Right-clik the folder you want to rename then click "rename" in the shortcut menu; 3. on the Command bar click "Organize" then click "Rename" What options accompany folders? - ANSWERSYou can changes the way folders and files are viewed and how file types and extensions are displayed What are the two ways folder views can be changed? - ANSWERS1. Click the arrow of the View button on the command bar; 2. Right-click a blank area of the Contents pane then click "View" What is a file? - ANSWERSan item that contains information How is a file selected? - ANSWERSby pointing to that file How is a file opened? - ANSWERS1. Click the File Explorer button on the task bar; 2. Click documents. All files saved in Documents will be shown; 3. Select the file you want to access How is a file moved? - ANSWERSselect the file then use one of the following methods:Press Control X then move to the new location where the file will be copied and then press Control V.OrRight-click the selection and then click select "Cut", then move to the new location where the file will be copied, right-click and then select "Paste".OrTo move a file or folder from one device to another simply select the file, hold down Shift key while you drag the file to the new location. If you don't hold down the Shift key the file will be copied instead of moved. How is a file saved? - ANSWERSfirst determine in which folder you would like to save it. Next, while the fileis open, check your ribbon to ensure that you're on the Home tab, and click "File". When the dropdown menu opens, click "Save As".When the "Save As" dialogue box opens select the file's name and enter the folder in which you want to save the file. Youcan also create a new folder to save the file in by clicking the "New Folder" button."Once you selected the correct site and file name, click "Save". How is a file renamed? - ANSWERSMost users simply right-click on the file or folder and then select Rename from the shortcut menu. Another way is to select the file or folder by clicking on it and then press the F2 key.
How is a file located or searched for? - ANSWERStype in your search criteria in the Search box What are file extensions? - ANSWERShidden parts of important file types like system and data files to prevent unintentional changes What is file compression? - ANSWERSa format that reduce the amount of time needed to download a file and the amount of storage capacity a file takes up Common problems when opening files - ANSWERSnot having the appropriate program to open the file How is a file restored from the recycle bin? - ANSWERSselect or right click on the file, then choose "restore this item" What is cloud storage? - ANSWERSonline data storage What cloud storage options are available? - ANSWERSOneDrive, GoogleDrive, GoogleDocs, Dropbox What is Google Drive? - ANSWERSallows users to upload and store documents, spreadsheets, and presentations to Google's data servers What is Microsoft One Drive? - ANSWERSoffers free cloud storage to anyone with a Microsoft account; you can upload and store files, videos, music, and photos
