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Category 5 Pesticide Safety Education -
Aquatic Pest Control Questions and
Answers Already Passed
List 4 responsibilities you have as a certified commercial pesticide applicator or technician. ✔✔- accurately identifying the pest you want to control
- applying the most effective and efficient management strategy or control measure
- selecting an appropriate and registered pesticide if one must be used
- knowing the consequence of your management strategy or decision
List 6 ways you can prevent pesticide exposure to non-applicators. ✔✔- recognizing potential hazards with the application
- paying careful attention to all tasks involved in applying pesticides
- strictly adhere to the label and any precautions given
- store and dispose of pesticides properly
- thoroughly understanding and using proper pesticide application techniques to control the pest
- using pesticide application equipment properly
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on changes in law & regulations. ✔✔- state, local, and federal regulations may impact you
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on product registrations. ✔✔- in NY, it's against the law to use / purchase an unregistered product according to the New York State Department of Environmental Control
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on label changes. ✔✔- the label tells you what you can and cannot do with a pesticide
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on new or updated pest management strategies. ✔✔- new pest management strategies may reduce the amount of pesticide, reduce the amount of applications needed, or avoid pastiche use all together
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on product development & changes. ✔✔- you can keep up to date to select the most appropriate for the job
Describe the importance of keeping up to date on new pesticide application techniques. ✔✔- new techniques may be developed that help improve the effectiveness or reduce the amount of pesticide required to do a job
- can only apply to water that is totally surrounded by their land
- is less than one acre in size
- has no outflow to any other surface water
Explain the permit exceptions for aquatic insect control. ✔✔- when used to control biting insects (mosquito larvae) in temporary ponds (snow melt pools) or ponds that do not contain fish.
- one acre or less, no outlet to another water body, lie entirely within the property of the owner or lessee by the person making the application or the person who authorized treatment
Tell who must apply for a permit. ✔✔
Identify what must be included on a drawing or map that is part of a permit application. ✔✔- size and depth of treatment area
- concentration of the chemical within the treated area and how it conforms to any limitations set by regulations or the permit
- location of weed beds and type of weeds
- location of inlets and outlets
- any other information requested by the permit official
- location of property line for aquatic insects, location of treatment area
- if applying for black flies, the area must be delineated on the map
- mosquito treatments must be indicated as well
List the terms and conditions that will be included as part of a permit. ✔✔- the permits issuance is based on statements, agreements, and restrictions made of accepted by the applicant
- date treatment will be made
- permitted concentrations
- maximum dosage to be applied in the treatment area
- method(s) of application to be used
- any restrictions on the use of waters during and following the application and how long these restrictions must remain in place
- any special restrictions required by NYSDEC such as marking the treatment area or posting a notice against using the water for any purpose
- if the chemical is not applied according to permit terms, you will be in violation of Article 15 of the Environmental Conservation Law
- weed or fish control: prior notice of dates and times and any water use restrictions will be given to those who use the affected waters
A permit does not give you permission to what? ✔✔- Trespass
Explain how liability issues can affect the aquatic pesticide applicator. ✔✔- civil actions & civil liability / third party injuries
Permits limit which pesticides are to be used and under what conditions to protect these 3 things
- ✔✔- public health, safety, and welfare
- terrestrial life
- aquatic life not being controlled
Explain the permit exceptions for aquatic weed control. ✔✔- not required when an officially recognized water supply agency uses copper sulfate to control algae in a public water supply
- not required when it will be applied to a pond less than one acre in size or one that does not have an outlet to another water body
- must lie entirely within the boundaries of the property owned or leased by the person who is going to make or authorize the application
Explain the permit exceptions for fish control. ✔✔- if you will be removing undesirable fish by netting, trapping, drawing down water, or by any other non-chemical method when authorized by NYSDEC
- not required if chemical fish control is done by the NYSDEC on water surrounded by or owned by NYSDEC or the state
Describe IPM ✔✔- integrated pest management
- goal is to economically achieve a desirable aquatic environment with the least disruption to water users and the environment
List 5 parts of an effective IPM program. ✔✔- identify
- monitoring
- determine economic significance
- selecting and using appropriate management tools
- evaluating the effectiveness of the management tools selected
Explain why IPM is not a "one size fits all" approach. ✔✔- tactics vary from site to site and pest to pest
-changes in water conditions
- changes in management techniques or techniques present
- weather
- social and economic circumstances
- location of pest infestation, noting desired habitat
- attitude of landowners or residents about pest management strategies
Describe why pest identification and knowledge of a pest's life cycle is important in an IPM program. ✔✔- you need to know if you are actually controlling a pest
- understanding biology helps with effective treatment
- know the lifecycle to treat at the most vulnerable time (environment can determine developmental stage - may vary)
- shallow warm water pests may develop faster than deep, cold water environments
Describe how economic significance is factored into an IPM program. ✔✔- some pests cause real economic damage and damage to aesthetics and recreational use
- some things like weeds may be less of a problem in a water body that is not heavily used for recreation
Define an action threshold. Explain how it is determined and why it is important. ✔✔- predetermined point where management action is taken
- once a population is above that, management efforts are made
- thresholds for remote locations are higher than dense ones
Describe what you should consider when selecting management tools. ✔✔- pest problem
- biology & habitats
- economic impacts of the pest
Explain the importance of evaluation. ✔✔- accurate records can be used to determine future management
- alter management strategy if need be
- develop new techniques
Explain the direct effects of an aquatic pesticide application to invertebrates. ✔✔- most are not harmful when used at label rates
- toxic effects are short lived
- high reproductive rate allows populations to return rapidly
- when used properly they don't accumulate in the food chain
Explain the direct effects of an aquatic pesticide application to fish. ✔✔- fish rapidly accumulate aquatic herbicides (least accumulation in muscle tissue)
- pesticide label gives the time that must pass between treatment and human consumption
Explain how aquatic pesticides indirectly affect bacteria & decomposition. ✔✔- when there is a lot of organic material, bacteria use a lot of oxygen to decompose them
- carbon dioxide is a by product that can build up
- nutrients released into system
Explain how aquatic pesticides indirectly affect invertebrates. ✔✔- decaying plant material = less DO
- excess organic matter = more food
- destruction of habitat could cause reduction in numbers
- most are temporary
Explain how aquatic pesticides indirectly affect fish. ✔✔- removal of rooted aquatic vegetation may increase the amount of food available to fish when nutrients released stimulate algae growth
- reduction in DO due to dead vegetation may impact (treat only part of an area at a time)
- removing cover = removing habitat
- too much cover = unbalanced / stunted population
- reduction in cover = smaller fish = more prey for big fish
Explain how aquatic pesticides indirectly affect vertebrates. ✔✔- available food resources decline
Explain how aquatic pesticides indirectly affect people. ✔✔- loss of fish / waterfowl = loss of recreation / money / food / jobs / lost quality of life
LD50 ✔✔- kills 50%
Copper Sulfate and Fish ✔✔- low levels cause trout toxicity
- lower water hardness = increased toxicity
When a change in the invertebrate community has been noted, there are less ___ but more ___. ✔✔- species
Predatory game fish typically are not affected by ____ because __. ✔✔- removal of dense aquatic vegetation
HELPFUL: applying granules to treat aquatic weeds: residues left helps control weeds after it has been applied
Explain what contamination is. ✔✔- when a pesticide appears in a place where it is not wanted
- air, soil, water, equipment, clothing, storage, shoes
List factors you can control to reduce contamination. ✔✔- secure transport
- first aid kit with eye wash
- container of clean water, soap, and towels for skin contamination
- shovel, broom, absorbent materials
- report major spills to police, health, and environmental agencies
- PPE
- back flow prevention devices or air gaps to prevent drawing water back into water source (required by NYSDEC)
- set filling location
- clean properly
List the ways you can reduce contamination. ** ✔✔
Distinguish heat stress from heat illness. ✔✔HEAT STRESS: buildup in the body of heat generated by muscles during work and by a warm or hot work environment
HEAT ILLNESS: number of disorders that can occur when the body is subjected to more heat than it can cope with
List and describe the 4 factors that contribute to heat stress ✔✔- heat factors (temp, humidity, amount of sunlight contribute while wind keeps you cool)
- work load (heavy things, no breaks)
- PPE
- water intake
Discuss what an employer can do to protect employees from heat stress. ✔✔- training at the beginning & at the start of warm seasons
Describe 5 steps you can take to reduce your risk of heat stress. ✔✔- manage your work load
Define watershed. ✔✔- all the land that directs water to a common outlet
- land that water flows over or through, going from higher to lower ground
- lowest point gets all water and what it carries with it
Describe the movement of water (& substances) in a watershed. ✔✔- precipitation > downhill > water body or ground water
Define saturated and unsaturated zone & distinguish between them. ✔✔SATURATED ZONE: where all subsurface spaces or pores are filled with water. bottom may be dense bedrock that allows little water to farther penetrate.
UNSATURATED ZONE: above the water table where pores are filled with air and water, lies between soil surface and water table. water not geld by soil or subsurface layers passed through this zone.
Define Aquifer ✔✔- underground saturated mass of gravel, rocks, or earth that transmits water freely
- subsurface zone
- may be welled and supply drinking water
Define water table ✔✔- the top of the saturated zone
- moves up and down with seasons and water usage
Explain how groundwater can be recharged.*** ✔✔
Discuss how pumping water from a well can affect local groundwater and surface water. ✔✔- creates an area of unsaturated soil near the well, and groundwater moves horizontally to fill the space
- surface water may be "pulled" into the flow, being an induced recharge (can draw salt water and contaminants into the well)
Explain why water protection programs manage surface activities. ✔✔
Name common organic and inorganic contaminates of groundwater. ✔✔INORGANIC: do not contain carbon, calcium, potassium, magnesium, arsenic, lead, mercury, nitrate, phosphorus
ORGANIC: sewage (bacteria, parasites - can result in disease outbreak like typhoid fever), cleaning fluids, fossil fuels, pesticides
