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CAMS 101 Final Exam with Answers: A Comprehensive Guide to ADHD, Exams of Nursing

The College of New Jersey (TCNJ)Nursing

A comprehensive overview of adhd, covering its history, diagnostic criteria, functional criteria, natural history, prevalence, and impairments in executive functioning. It also delves into related disorders like conduct disorder (cd) and oppositional defiant disorder (odd), exploring their definitions, developmental progression, and risk and protective factors. Numerous questions and answers, making it a valuable resource for students studying adhd.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/07/2025

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⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
CAMS 101 FINAL exam with answers
εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸
εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸
εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸
MTA study - correct answer ✔-medication found to be the best treatment for
ADHD core symptoms
-medication equaled behavior therapy for: classroom observed behaviors, social
skills rating, peer sociometric ratings, academic achievement
ADHD history - correct answer ✔-"Fidgety Phils" = ADHD even in agricultural
societies
-Minimal Brain dysfunction (damage): 1900-1950
-Hyperkinetic/Hyperactivity Syndrome (DSM-II): 1950-1969
-Recognition of Attentional Impairment and Impulsivity: 1970-1979
-Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-III) and "ADD" w/ or w/out hyperactivity: 1980
-ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive, combined subtypes) in DSM-IV: 1994
ADHD: functional criteria - correct answer ✔-Inattentive, Hyperactive-Impulsive,
or Combined type
-at least 6 of 9 symptoms in either or both
-persisting at least 6 months
-some symptoms before 12
-2 or more settings
-social/academic/occupational impairment
ADHD: diagnostic criteria - correct answer ✔Inattention
-makes careless mistakes
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
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⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
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Download CAMS 101 Final Exam with Answers: A Comprehensive Guide to ADHD and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

CAMS 101 FINAL exam with answers

⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ

MTA study - correct answer ✔-medication found to be the best treatment for

ADHD core symptoms

-medication equaled behavior therapy for: classroom observed behaviors, social

skills rating, peer sociometric ratings, academic achievement

ADHD history - correct answer ✔-"Fidgety Phils" = ADHD even in agricultural

societies

-Minimal Brain dysfunction (damage): 1900-

-Hyperkinetic/Hyperactivity Syndrome (DSM-II): 1950-

-Recognition of Attentional Impairment and Impulsivity: 1970-

-Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-III) and "ADD" w/ or w/out hyperactivity: 1980

-ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive, combined subtypes) in DSM-IV: 1994

ADHD: functional criteria - correct answer ✔-Inattentive, Hyperactive-Impulsive,

or Combined type

-at least 6 of 9 symptoms in either or both

-persisting at least 6 months

-some symptoms before 12

-2 or more settings

-social/academic/occupational impairment

ADHD: diagnostic criteria - correct answer ✔Inattention

-makes careless mistakes

-diff. sustaining attention in tasks and play

-doesn't seem to listen when spoken to

-diff. listening to/following instructions

-diff. organizing tasks/activities

-avoids tasks req. sustained mental effort

-loses necessary items for tasks / activities

-easily distracted by extraneous stimuli

-forgetful in daily activities

Hyperactive/Impulsive

-fidgets

-leaves seat

-runs or climbs excessively/restlessness

-diff. engaging in leisure activities quietly

-"On the go", "energizer bunny"

-Talks excessively

-Blurts out answers before question is completed

-diff. waiting turn

-interrupts or intrudes

ADHD: additions in DSM-V - correct answer ✔-"several" symptoms in each

setting

-symptoms present before 12

-now allowed comorbid with autism

-as an adult, only need 5 symptoms

-3-7% of U.S. school children

-familial: 2-5x sibling risk, 3-5x parent risk

ADHD: age, gender, race - correct answer ✔-males:females = 4:

-girls less hyperactivity, conduct probs, less externalizing

-kids w/out insurance receive less attn in all domains

-latino & black less likely to have parent report symptoms

-black kids less likely to receive stimulants

ADHD: impairments in Executive Functioning - correct answer ✔-response

inhibition

-vigilance

-working memory

-diff. w/ planning

-EF = goal-dir. behaviors, including strategic planning, impulse control, org.

search, & flexibility of thought/action

Define CD - correct answer ✔-repetitive & persistent behavior violating basic

rights of others or major age-app. societal norms or rules

-aggression to ppl or animals: bullies, uses weapons, destruction of property,

stealing/defacement of property

-2 of following over last year: lack of remorse/guilt, callous lack of empathy,

unconcerned about performance, shallow or deficient affect

3 subtypes, based on age of onset:

1. childhood onset (unsocialized): at least one criterion before 10; e.g. disturbed

peer relations, freq. aggressive, often ODD as child

2. adolescent onset (socialized): no criteria before 10; e.g. less display aggressive

behaviors, normative peer relations = gang behavior, looking for appearance of

group to be part of

3. unspecified onset

Define ODD - correct answer ✔-negativistic, angry/irritable mood,

argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness

-persisting at least 6 months, not during sibling interaction

-mild = 1 setting, moderate = 2 settings, severe = 3 or more settings

At least 4 of following:

-often loses temper

-often touchy or easily annoyed

-often angry and resentful

-often argues w/ authority figures / adults

-often actively defies or refuses to comply w/ rules

-often deliberately annoys others

-often blames others for his/her mistakes or behavior

-often spiteful or vindictive

CD: dev. progression model - correct answer ✔-early childhood: poor parental

monitoring and discipline --> child conduct probs

-middle childhood: rejection by normal peers and academic diffs -->

commitment to deviant peer group

-compulsions (behaviors / mental acts): repetitive, person feels driven to

perform to neutralize obsessive thoughts or prevent some dreaded sit.; not

connected in realistic way; provide temp. relief

expected anxiety vs. disorder - correct answer ✔-intensity of anxiety,

impairment, and ability to recover

-normal fear / worry is common in children

-infants: fear of loud noises, being startled, strangers (8-10 months)

-toddlers: fear of imag. creatures, darkness, normative sep. anx.

-school-age children: injury and nature events

-adolescents: fears related to school, social competence, health issues

Anxiety: theories of how fears develop - correct answer ✔-learned responses:

both personal exps. and evolutionary ones (e.g. spiders, snakes); mirroring of

caregiver reactions

-psychoanalytic theory: phobia as defense against anx. which is produced by

repressed id impulses

Behavioral inhibition - correct answer ✔-tendency to be withdrawn or timid and

to show fear and withdrawal in new situations

-assoc. with anx. disorders in kids and adults

-lab-based temperamental construct

Anxiety: hippocampus - correct answer ✔-involved in storage of sensory info;

very sensitive to stress

-threat makes it harder to store verbal info

Anxiety: changes from DSM-IV to DSM-V - correct answer ✔-separation of

anxiety disorders and trauma / stressor-related disorders

-grouped some and took others out; i.e. ocd

-DSM-V added unspecified anx. disorder

Panic attack vs. panic disorder - correct answer ✔disorder: the fear of fear itself

attack: discrete period of intense fear or discomfort, 4 or more of the following

and reach a -peak within 10 mins:

-palpitations, heart rate inc.

-sweating

-trembling

-shortness of breath/smothering

-feeling of choking

-chest pain

-nausea

-dizzy / lightheaded

-derealization or depersonalization

-fear of going crazy or losing control

-fear of dying

Anxiety: when do the disorders develop? - correct answer ✔-mostly in

childhood, by teen years

Diff. diagnosis: GAD, SAD, Social Anxiety Disorder, SM, Panic - correct answer ✔-

GAD: generalized

Depression: identify DSM-V diagnostic criteria - correct answer ✔-5 of 9

symptoms, at least one from depressed mood or anhedonia (diminished

interest or pleasure in life)

-at least 2 straight weeks

-depressed mood (can be irritable in kids)

-anhedonia

-sig. decrease in weight; in kids, can be failure to reach exp. weight gains

-insomnia or hypersomnia

-psychomotor agitation or retardation

-fatigue or loss of energy

-feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

-diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness

-recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation

Depression: neurovegetative signs - correct answer ✔-sleep

-appetite

-energy level

-concentration / attention

Why does depression increase with age? - correct answer ✔-more chances of

encountering neg. life events

-biological

-environmental: increased demands

-psychological / cognitive: more autonomy and abstract thinking

Depression: describe at least 3 theories - correct answer ✔-psychodynamic

-attachment: insecure

-behavioral: inability to obtain reinforcement

-cognitive: depressive mindset

-self-control: deficits in self-monitoring, evaluation, and reinforcement

-interpersonal: charac. to individual, roles, and events

-socio environmental: stressful life circs. exacerbate vulnerabilities

-neurobiological

Depression and genetics - correct answer ✔-kids of parents who were

depressed as kids 14x more likely to become depressed prior to 13

-kids of parents w/ dep. 2-4x risk

-effective treatment of mothers assoc. w/ reduction of anx., dep., and disruptive

disorders and symptoms in their kids

The serotonin gene - correct answer ✔-among those w/ pervasive suicidal

thoughts and intent, levels of major serotonin metabolite are lower in

cerebrospinal fluid

-2 copies of short allele of 5-HT transporter gene = more at risk for dep.;

reduced serotonin uptake

Depression and development - correct answer ✔-children: more anxiety,

somatic, and auditory hallucinations; expressed as temper tantrums and

behavior problems; fewer neurovegetative signs than adults

-being irritable

BPD: overdiagnosed or better recognized? - correct answer ✔-chronicity w/ long

episodes

-predominantly mixed episodes and/or rapid cycling

-prominent irritability

-high rate of comorbid ADHD

-high rate of comorbid anxiety disorders

BPD: Emil Kraepelin's findings for onset and mixed states - correct answer ✔-

mania occurs rarely in children; supports overdiagnosis idea

-mixed states (mania/depression) more common in young ppl and less common

as they age

-rates of mania and dep. itself may not change that much

-pediatric BPD: mixed states look like bad behavior so hard to diagnose

-Mania more common in adolescence than childhood

-named early onset dementia, now known as schizophrenia

BPD: DSM-V diagnostic criteria - correct answer ✔-distinct period of elevated,

expansive, or irritable mood at least 1 week, or any duration if hospitalization

required

-symptoms: 3, or 4 if irritable mood only

1. dec. need for sleep

2. increase in risk taking / pleasurable activities

3. pressured speech (more talkative)

4. grandiosity or inflated self-esteem

5. extreme distractability

6. flight of ideas, racing thoughts

7. increase in goal dir. behavior / psychomotor agitation

-at least one week: BPI

-at least 4 days: hypomania (BPII)

mood cycles - correct answer ✔-see charts

Pediatric BPD: diagnostic dilemmas - correct answer ✔-irritability --> in

everything

-absence of "pure" BP Disorder: almost always comorbid

-Episode length: shorter in kids

BPD vs. other disorder in kids - correct answer ✔-elation

-grandiosity

-dec. need for sleep

-hypersexuality

-racing thoughts

-see chart

BPD: inc. in comorbidities in early onset - correct answer ✔-see chart

BPD vs. ADHD - correct answer ✔-both: irritability, less need for sleep (mild for

ADHD), more talkative, hyperactivity/goal dir., high risk activity, distractibility

SUDS: influence of early use - correct answer ✔-earlier use, more likely to abuse

or become dependent on

-first use <13 = 3x the odds of becoming addicted

-strongest predictor of drug use is prior drug use

-social norms: we overestimate SUDS among our peers

SUDS: the "gateway" concept - correct answer ✔-most people who use heavy

drugs started with milder drugs

SUDS: risk and protective factors - correct answer ✔Risk factors:

-adolescent vulnerability: less getting hungover, but more sensitive to

neurotoxic effects

-family / peers: chaotic home environment, lack of parental monitoring...

-environmental / culture: perceived approval of drug use, drug availability, low

SES...

-life events: school/academic failure, poor social coping skills, abuse....

-risk and transitions: most vulnerable when transitioning from one

developmental stage to another; e.g. elementary to middle school, marriage....

Protective factors: the opposite

SUDS: role of education - correct answer ✔-more education = less likely to

develop SUDS

-but, more likely to try more substances

SUDS: dopamine theory of addiction - correct answer ✔-SUDS = less D

receptors = less of "this is bad" signal

-still flooded with the good D1 signal from anticipation of drug, but less D2 to

tell you the bad outweighs the good

Neg. health affects of alcohol - correct answer ✔-dehydration, addiction,

accidents and injury, ulcers, cancer of mouth/throat/stomach, cirrhosis, brain

damage, pancreatic damage, decreased fertility, FAS, high blood pressure,

increase risk of breast cancer

-depression and psychosis

SUDS: warning signs - correct answer ✔-changes in school perf.

-changes in peer group

-breaking rules

-affect changes

-activity level

-withdrawal from family

-changes in physical appearance

-eyes: red, watery, glossy

-nose: running, not due to allergies or cold

-eating / sleep habits change

-decreased motivation in pleasure teen actvs.

-anti-social behavior

-possession of drug paraphernalia

-initiation of drug use before 12

-daily or weekly use of at least one drug

BN:

-recurrent episodes of binge eating = eating A LOT and feeling not in control

over eating

-recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors in order to prevent weight

gain, such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, fasting, excessive

exercise

-at least once a week for 3 months

-self-eval. is unduly influenced by body shape and weight

AN: subtypes - correct answer ✔-Restricting type: fasting

-Binge-eating/purging type: binge eating or purging

AN vs. BN - correct answer ✔AN:

-denies abnormal eating behavior

-introverted

-turns AWAY from food in order to cope

-preocc. w/ losing more and more weight

-well behaved

BN:

-rec. abnormal eating behavior

-extroverted, loud

-turns to food in order to cope

-preocc. w/ attaining "ideal" but often unrealistic weight

-Drinking at home

-pers. disorder at home

AN: mortality rate; BN: risks - correct answer ✔AN:

-mortality rates over 10% after 10 years, 18-30% after 30 yrs ~ highest mortality

rate in psychiatry

-50% deaths due to complications of AN, 25% suicide, 25% unrelated

-20-30% develop binge eating within first 5 years

BN:

-50% recover, 25% still suffer symptoms, 25% chronically ill

-1-6% mortality rate after many years

-after 10 yrs, 2/3 to 3/4 of bulimics are in at least partial recovery

-only 15% become anorexic at long-term follow-up

AN & BN: etiology - correct answer ✔-psychosocial: phobic avoidance of food

and an assoc. w/ sexual tensions generated during puberty

-psychodynamic: fantasies of oral impregnation

-social theories: american ideal of youth, beauty, slimness

-modern psychological: antithesis of puberty, eating is what they can control

-family theory: cry for help from conflicted and dysfunctional fam.

-cognitive-behavior theory: rewarded by peers and society for being slender

-biological: diff hormones that might play a part; genetics

AN & BN: comorbidities - correct answer ✔-depression, anxiety, personality

disorder