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Shakes - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. these are the cracks between and parallel to the annual rings of the growth
Knots - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. irregular growths in the body of a tree which interrupt the smooth curve of the grain.
Pitchpockets - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. well-defined openings between annual rings containing solid or liquid pitch
Wane - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. this is the lack wood on the edge or corner of a piece
Warping - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. caused by unequal shrinkage of the board
Hardboard - ANSWERS-made from processed wood chips or fibers subjected to high pressure steam in pressure vessels, released and exploded forming into filtered cellulose; it is uniform, hard, grainless, smooth with overlaps
tempered hardboard - ANSWERS-grade of hardboard that is brittle and stiff. Resistant to water penetration. ideal for exterior
standard - ANSWERS-grade of hardboard that is light, bendable, and light brown. Not suitable for exteriors
Low density - ANSWERS-grade of hardboard that is classified as decorative boards. often used as blackboards
Insulating fiberboard - ANSWERS-made from fibrous material like wood and sugarcane formed into boards using asbestos as binder. wood fibers made from sheared 5/8" chips then pressured and softened into live steam.
Insulating grade - ANSWERS-grade of insulating fiberboard used for insulating decorative panels and ceiling tiles with V-notch plaster base
sheathing grade - ANSWERS-grade of fiberboard where surfaces and edges are coated with asphalt or with fibers impregnated with asphalt during manufacture
Fancy plywood - ANSWERS-type of plywood that is 1/4" - 1" thick; used for panelings and cabinets
Ordinary plywood - ANSWERS-type of plywood that is 1/4" - 3/4" thick
particle board - ANSWERS-made from hardboard from relatively small particles, graduated from coarse at the center of the board to fine at the surface to produce a smooth dense surface. serves as a base applied with wood veneers, plastic laminates, printed wood grains and chalkboard coating. used for shelving, millwork and other furniture manufacturing
gypsum board - ANSWERS-board having a gypsum core
strawboard - ANSWERS-hardboard made of compressed wheat straw, processed at 350 - 400 Fahrenheit with tough kraft paper
asbestos cement board - ANSWERS-a dense, rigid board containing high proportion of asbestos fibers bonded with portland cement. Resistant to fire, flame and weathering but loew resistance to heat flow.
insulation grade - ANSWERS-grade of strawboard 2" thick, intended primarily for roof deck insulation
corkboard - ANSWERS-made from outer bark of oak tree. Its granules are mixed with synthetic resin, compressed and formed into sheet of 1" - 6" thick and baked under pressure into rigid boards. Used exclusively as a thermal insulating material and for vibration control
mineral fiberboard - ANSWERS-Thick mats of mineral fibers (glass/rock wool) covered with a backing of stiff paper on one or both sides to form rigid boards. Thickness is 1/2"-1". Size is 2'-4'. Uses are for roof deck insulation and cemented to the deck with asphalt adhesive.
Plastic foam boards - ANSWERS-Polystyrene and polyurethane plastics are formed by a patented process to about 40x their original volume.
Sizes are 1/2-3" thick, 12" or 24" wide and 12' long
Used for perimeter insulation for concrete slabs, for wall and roof deck insulation.
High insulation, high compressive strength. Flexible enough to fit over curved surfaces.
Paperboard - ANSWERS-Either:
-Paper pulp pressed into boards 3/16", or 1/4" thick and 4' wide and 6-8' long. Usually one surface is primped for easier finishing.
-A layer of stiff paper folded into corrugated form and faced in both sides with a thick paper backing, cemented to the core.
Phloem - ANSWERS-layer of tissue that carries food from the leaves to the growing parts of the tree, also called as inner bark
Lignin - ANSWERS-organic substance that with cellulose , forms the woody cell walls of plants and the cementing material between them
Pitch - ANSWERS-resinous sap that exudes from various conifers
Sap - ANSWERS-the vital fluid of water, nitrogen, and mineral nutrients that circulates through a plant
Lumber - ANSWERS-timber product manufactured by sawing, resawing, passing lengthwise through a planning machine, cross-cutting to length, and grading
rough lumber - ANSWERS-lumber that is sawn, edged and trimmed but not surfaced
Dressed lumber - ANSWERS-lumber that is surfaced with a planning machine to attain a smooth surface and uniform size
Kiln - dried - ANSWERS-of or pertaining to lumber seasoned in a kiln under controlled conditions of heat, air circulation, and humidity
Air dried - ANSWERS-of or pertaining to lumber seasoned by exposure to the atmosphere
Board foot - ANSWERS-unit of quantity for lumber equal to the volume of wood piece whose nominal dimensions are in 12 in. Square and 1 in. Thick
Board measure - ANSWERS-lumber measurement in board feet
Dimension lumber - ANSWERS-pieces more than 2" and less than 5" in any dimension ... >2<
Yard lumber - ANSWERS-softwood lumber intended for general building purposes, including boards, dimension lumber, and timbers
Timbers - ANSWERS-yard lumber 5 in. Or more in the least dimension ... pieces 5" or more on the smallest dimension
Structural lumber - ANSWERS-dimension lumber and timbers graded either by visual inspection or mechanically on the basis of strength and intended use; also called framing lumber
Appearance lumber - ANSWERS-lumber sawn or selected primarily for use as a finish material rather than for strength, graded according to the natural characteristics and manufacturing imperfections
Factory lumber - ANSWERS-lumber sawn or selected primarily for further manufacture, graded according to The amount of usable wood that will produce cuttings of a specified size and quality; also called shop lumber
CONIFER - ANSWERS-any of various predominantly EVERGREEN, CONE-BEARING TREES, such as pine, fir, hemlock, and spruce.
HIGH DENSITY OVERLAY - ANSWERS-EXTERIOR WOOD PANEL having a RESIN FIBER OVERLAY on both sides providing a SMOOTH, HARD, ABRASION-RESISTANT SURFACE, used for CONCRETE FORMS, CABINETS, AND COUNTERTOPS. Abbr.: HDO.
MEDIUM DENSITY OVERLAY - ANSWERS-EXTERIOR WOOD PANEL having PHENOLIC OR MELANINE RESIN OVERLAY on one or both sides providing a SMOOTH BASE for PAINTING. Abbr.: MDO.
PANEL GRADE - ANSWERS-grade of a wood panel product IDENTIFIED BY THE FACE AND BACK VENEER GRADES or by its intended use.
ENGINEERED GRADE - ANSWERS-grade of a STRUCTURAL WOOD PANEL based on its intended use as SHEATHING, SUBFLOORING, or in the fabrication of BOX BEAMS AND STRESSED-SKIN PANELS.
VENEER GRADE - ANSWERS-grade DEFINING THE APPEARANCE OF A VENEER in terms of growth characteristics and the number and size of repairs that may be made during manufacture.
PREMIUM GRADE - ANSWERS-HIGHEST GRADE OF HARDWOOD VENEER, with only few small burls, pin knots, and inconspicuous patches.
GOOD GRADE - ANSWERS-SIMILAR TO PREMIUM GRADE, except matching of veneer faces is not required.
LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER - ANSWERS-STRUCTURAL LUMBER PRODUCT made by BONDING LAYERS OF WOOD VENEERS TOGETHER UNDER HEAT AND PRESSURE using a WATERPROOF ADHESIVE; grain of all veneers run in the same longitudinal direction making it STRONG WHEN EDGE LOADED AS A BEAM or FACE LOADED AS A PLANK; marketed under various brand names such as MICROLAM, used as HEADERS AND BEAMS OR AS FLANGES FOR PREFABRICATED WOOD I-JOISTS. Abbr.: LVL.
Endogenous - ANSWERS-Trees grow endwards: bamboo and palms
Exogenous - ANSWERS-Trees grow outwards
decking lumber - ANSWERS-A type of dimension lumber having a width of 4" and wider.
decay - ANSWERS-wood defect caused by fungi
checks - ANSWERS-WOOD DEFECT. cracks or lengthwise separation across the annual rings of growth caused by irregular shrinkage during drying. They are formed when the circumference shrinks more than the interior section of the log
Cast in place - ANSWERS-formed and cured and finished in its final position
Pre cast concrete - ANSWERS-formed and cured and finished in a separate place ready to be placed on the structure
