Boats and ships and the world’s first cities in Mesopotamia
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Boats and ships and the world's first cities in Mesopotamia, Schemes and Mind Maps of History
The world's first states formed in the regions of Egypt and Mesopotamia. The ... 3600-3100 BCE): boat symbolism in the world's first city ...
Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps
2021/2022
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Boats and ships and the world’s first cities in Mesopotamia
‘The formative processes leading to the world’s first
urban civilization cannot be understood except as a creative
adaptation to the priceless resource of Euphrates water.’
(Robert Adams, 1981)
The Late Uruk period (ca. 3600-3100 BCE): boat symbolism in the world’s first city
Uruk, ca. 3100 BCE
The ancient urban centres of Uruk and Ur were much closer to the sea than
they are today
Boat representations on Uruk cylinder seals (the goddess
Eanna symbolized by the paired reed bundles)
Reconstruction based on cylinder seals
Eanna precinct of Uruk
The ideological significance of boats and ships in early
Mesopotamia (ca. 3500-2000 BCE)
Shamash, the sun god (from a cylinder seal, ca. 2300 BCE), delivered by a minor ‘boat deity’ **Shamash could also travel (across the sky) on horseback or in a chariot **cult statues of gods travelled on boats in ritual processions to visit one another during festivals **there is no evidence for a death cult related to ships or boat navigation (contrast with Egypt) A Babylonian map of the earth
A Dilmun ship (stamp seal from modern Kuwait, ca. 1900 BCE) A Meluhha ship (stamp seal from Mohenjo Daro, modern Pakistan, ca. 2300 BCE) Thor Heyerdahl, 1978 Tigris expedition
‘The ships from Meluhha
the ships from Magan
the ships from Dilmun
he made tie-up alongside
the quay of Akkad’
(claims Sargon of Akkad,
ca. 2270-2215 BCE)
The Akkadian
Empire
A Meluhha ship (stamp seal from modern Pakistan, ca. 2300 BCE)
A Dilmun ship (stamp seal from modern Kuwait, ca. 1900 BCE) A Meluhha ship (stamp seal from Mohenjo Daro, modern Pakistan, ca. 2300 BCE)
A Meluhha ship (stamp seal from modern Pakistan, ca. 2300 BCE) A Dilmun ship (stamp seal from modern Kuwait, ca. 1900 BCE) Akkadian cultic boat (ca. 2300 BCE) Thor Heyerdahl, Tigris expedition