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Bio-Medicine NCCAOM Board Exam | Comprehensive Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2025/2026 With 100% Verified Solutions A patient says he's going to commit suicide, what should do? - Have Pt. Sign a "No Self-Harm" contract and refer to primary care phsician on a semi-urgent basis. Young man had very high energy, and didn't have to sleep much just a couple days ago, now feeling exhausted and sad. Diagnosis: - Bipolar disorder 65 years male is living in nursing house after 6 months of post stroke, he doesn't like talk to anyone, social withdraw; doesn't like to move and like to lie down in the bed; he rather thinks him little and forget him. What do you suspect? - Depression Which one is example of abuse? - Retinal hemorrhage in infant (baby shaking) Child abuse reporting process, what type of law? - Varies state by state Mom brought a kid to clinic, kid has ear infection, during intake mom told you the kid don't like to talk to other people and don't like to play with other people, what is your diagnosis for kid? - Child Abuse Confused elderly suspects someone in his health care steals his money, and patient said don't tell anybody. Your response? - Call social worker Domestic violence - Encourage patient seeking for legal consultant and consider keep away form abusive partner. McBurney sign - Tender point in right lower abdomen of a patient with appendicitis. Patient with lower right quadrant abdominal pain - Appendicitis Diverticulitis case study, it asked about what test would you use to diagnose it: - CT scan
Patient has abdominal pain is aggravated when defecting? - Aortic aneurysm Patient has diarrhea and constipation, stools show mucus and blood, why is the diagnosis: - Ulcerative Colitis Which drug category will you select if you want to reduced gastric acid in the stomach? - Antacids What is the test for Drug and Herb metabolism? (In liver is involved in drug metabolism) - Cytochrome Benzodiazepines are used for what? - Anti-anxiety, relax muscle, help insomnia, muscles spasms, seizure. = BZD (-zepam) Tardive dyskinesia and extrapyramidal syndrome are side effect of what kind of medications? - Antipsychotic What disease is the most common causing renal failure in US? - Type I diabetes Group A B-hemolytic streptococcus infection is responsible for? - Glomerulonephritis Erectile dysfunction is due to - Organic or psychosomatic Adverse effects from drugs that treat ED? - Hypotension Adverse effects of Erectile Dysfunction drugs: - Stuffy and runny nose A patient was pricked by a thorn in yard, symptoms occur next day-fever, chills, redness swollen and tenderness. What to suspect? - Cellulitis
Which one of these is a risk factor for blood clots? - Pregnancy If taking anticoagulant avoid which supplement? - Vitamin K What is primary cause of secondary hypertension? - Renal and endocrine diseases What category of drugs has side effect of muscle ache (myalgia)? - HMG-CoA redactase inhibitor Chronic Diabetic patient testing to check blood sugar level: - HbA1C hemoglobin What hormone spikes during ovulation? - LH = Luteinizing hormone What hormone is elevated in menopause? - FSH = Follicle stimulating hormone Patient has PCOS, infertility, she is overweight, w/irregular periods what other symptoms - Insulin Resistance 2 year-old boy with acute wheezing but without other symptoms, sister has asthma history and acupuncture treatment helps her. Based on the age and information, you suspect: - Foreign object in airway What conditions causes "Prolonged expiration"? - Asthma CPK levels indicate: - Heart damage Woman calf lesion, enlarge over one day, red swollen, suspect: - DVT 12 hours flight, presents with calf pain. Check for what? - DVT Patient suspected to have a DVT, what is the best way to confirm. - Doppler Ultrasound
Older man with lower back pain during bowel movement and pulsating mass near umbilicus, what is the cause? - Abdominal aortic aneurysm Patient has abdominal pain (my said low back pain) and is aggravated when defecating? - Herniated lumbar disc Beta-adrenergic Blockers treat what? - Thyroid storm Which drug can relax smooth muscle and vessel resistance "-a-Blocker" - Cause vessel dilation Calcium channel blockers: relax vessels - CCB for: hypertension, arrhythmia, angina CCB side effect: hypotension, AV block, headache, constipation, nausea, heel edema Public health and safety cares most about? - Occupation and travel Evaluation and management are based on? - CPT Codes What is the element in PHI (Protect Health Information)? - Patient email address Speak with cardiologist of a patient without patient consent. Is there any recourse for complaint filled? - Yes - patient can - no we cant counter file The patient was treated by practitioner lack of skills of the profession for which the individual has been certified? - Incompetence Female young, high fever, productive cough, headache, pain in chest, worse with deep breaths, what do you do? - Emergency room Patient has chronic eczema, dry red lesions are all over the body trunk and arms, what should you do during the treatment? - Refer to primary physician
Which mineral is antioxidant? - Selenium What causes elevated ketone bodies? - High fat/low carb diet (Atkin diet) Motor part enters muscle fiber,most electrically excitabel part of muscle? - Motor point Ankylosing spondylitis is linked to which specific HLA Antigen: - HLA-B27 (human leukocyte antigen) Patient with pain in his back but all the tests for nerve damage are negative (they tell you the tests by explaining how they do them, not by the name, i.e. leg raising). What do you do? - Refer for MRI Positive Trendelenburg's sign (seen in patients with weak or paralyzed hip abductor muscles) indicates what muscles are affected? - Hip abductors - gluteus medius and gluteus minimus 20 years old boy played some game, stand a lot and rotated his foot a lot yesterday, he showed up symptoms like cant bear his weight, fatigue, fever, pain on legs. What problem does he have? - Collateral ligament injury An acute supraspinatus tendinitis (rotator cuff syndrome), movement are usually not limited but there is a painful are between? - 60 to 120 of flexion of the arm Shoulder joint pain palpated on Deltoid, Teres minor area and Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus area, and patient did repetitive motion of a sports activity what is the diagnosis? - Rotator cuff syndrome Winged scapula - which muscle has injury: - Serratus anterior (boxers muscle) A woman who is 7 months pregnant comes into clinic with a left side headache and right arm paresthesia and neck pain, what is the condition? - Cervical Radiculopathy ('pinched nerve") To evaluate joint range of motion, whats the correct order: - Active ROM > passive ROM > resistant isometrics
speed test - bicep tendenitis mills test - lateral epicordylagia CAGE questions are: - to diagnosis alcoholism Case: a lady brought her older mom to clinic, patient seems irritable with questioning and dementia. what assessment tool should you use? - Mini Mental status exam (MMSE) (This is the one for dementia) Mental status exam (MSE) test what? - Cognitive function Person caregiver verbally abuses and flinches at elderly person outside your clinic. What do you do? - Call cops or adult protective services Murphy's sign - Respiratory arrest due to pain in right hypochondriac region, suggesting acute cholecystitis Women with Right upper quadrant pain, worse with eating greasy foods - cholecystitis How to palpate spleanomegally (enlarged spleen)? - Start from right illiac fossa to left costal margin! Diverticulitis - bright red bleeding in stool 34 year old female complains lower left quadrant pain, diarrhea, fever, fatigue, after your examination. What is the possible disease? - Diverticulitis Laparoscopy used to visualize: - Abdominal and pelvic organ when a pathological condition is suspected Barium enema - of the colon
What drug for peptic ulcer is used to decrease secretion of gastric acid - PPI, H2 blocker If the patient has been taking antacids and there is no relief of heart burn which drug category will you use? - Proton pup inhibitors What drug is used for peptic ulcer is used to decrease secretion of gastric acid: - PPI, H2 blocker If the patient has been taking antacids and there is no relief of heart burn which drug category will you use? - Proton pump inhibitors (Which blocks the production of Stomach Acid, decrease gastric acid A patient with acid reflux, antacids dont work. What medications to use to decrease acid production? - 1.) H2 blocker (stronger than antacid) 2.) Proton pump inhibitor (stronger than and more popular today than H2 blocker) If the patient has GERD (they didnt tell you GERD, tell you the symptom), whcih procedure would you use to evaluate the condition? - Endoscopy What type of prescription drug is the most frequently used in US? - ACE inhibitors Young female, high fever, right flank pain, painful-cloudy urine (my test use dysuria) - Acute pyelonephritis UTI most common pathogen is: - E. coli Renal failure, what is the specific test? - Blood creatine Adverse effects of Erectile Dysfunction drugs: - Stuffy and runny nose A patient comes in with diagnosed melanoma and you notice the size, shape and color, what other distinguishing factor would you look for? - Irregular border
Male, 32 Presents with erythematous papular intensely pruritic rash between the fingers of both hands the web spaces. Started 3 days ago. Fine scaly lines 3 to 4 mm long noted on affected areas. No other complaints. Blood work normal. Most likely diagnosis. - Scabies Tinea capitis pathogen is: - Trichophyton, Microsporum (fungal) Polio is a virus that is transmitted - Fecal-oral Patient presents with right side jaw pain and has a painful cluster fluid-filled circumscribed vesicle sacs the face and lips, what do you suspect? - Herpes zoster Patient presents with right side jaw pain and has a painful cluster fluid-filled circumscribed vesicle sacs the face and trunk, what do you suspect? - Herpes zoster An 18 month old developed pruritic tear drop-like skin rashes teh day after she has experienced mild fecer, slight cough and malaise. The rash starts on the body trunk, and then spread to the face, neck and back. No Koplicks spots are discovered inside the mouth. What is most likely he medical diagnosis? - Chikenpox Kid (18 years old student) has Salt like white speck inside cheeks, maculopapular rashes from back of neck to chest. - Measles Female, older, cervical cancer. Which virus risk factor? - HPV Tetanus - -Muscle spasm -lockjaw (trismus) -difficulty swallowing Cephalosporins are antibiotics that: - Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis One of the most common first signs of infectious mononucleosis is: - Severe sore throat
OSHA - what shot should be offered after the worker has received the required bloodborne pathogens training and within 10 days of initial assignment to a job with occupational exposure. - Hepatitis B CNT main focus on what? - Hand washing CNT procedure: hand washing time? - 15-20 seconds (prevents cross infection) What best defines CNT? - Clean procedure How full can sharps container be? - 3/4 full The regulation for sharps conatiner: - Has to be labeled with the universal biohazard sumbol and the word "biohazard" or be color-coded red. Catching disease from contaminated object in enviroment, ex. treatment table is: - Indirect contact transmissions Who (staff in the clinic) must be given bloodborne pathogen training and universal precaution training? - All employees with occupational exposure, including part-time and temporary employee. During treatment , you accidentally cut your finger, what should you do next? - Wash and dress the cut with a bandage A single cotton swab can be used to clean more than one point on the same patient if: - The points are in the same general area All of the following statements about the use of needle guide tubes are true EXCEPT: - If guide tubes are used, they should not be placed on the clean field between uses, since they are no longer sterile. Needles can be used on the same patient from different parts of the body if - No because bacteria transfer/different areas with different immunities.
Change bed sheets between patient's treatment. How should they be washed? - Launder with hot water detergent, add hypochlorite (bleach) solution to the wash provides an extra margin of safety Leukemia may have an issue with what? - Leukocytosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma is: - cancer of the lymph nodes Fatigue, night sweats, wight loss: - Need to R/O cancer 67 year old man with cachexia. What does it suggest? - Probably Cancer Polycythemia = - Increased RBCs Abnormally increased large number of Red blood cells= - Polycythemia Reasons for EPO increase: - Anemia Which hormone increases red blood cells production - Erythopoitin (EPO) 14 year girl with blood deficiency sign, what test should be done? - CBC (check for anemia) Pernicious anemia is? - Malabsorption of B Alcoholics need to be supplememted with - Vitamin B What is the complication of chronic alcoholism? - Macrocytic anemia Characteristics of Iron deficiency anemia: - MVC small
What is primary cause of secondary hypertension? - Renal and endocrine diseases Which drug can treat high cholesterol? - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor & Niacin (B3) The generic name of medications that lower the cholesterol level often end in: - -statin An old lady has poor vision, narrow central vision, has history of 15 years smoking. What kind of problem? (usually old age w/history of smoking): - Macular degeneration Macular degeneration - loss of central vision A patient comes to you with complaining of dizziness and hearing loss what do you suspect is the cause?
- Meniere's Hyperpituitarism - Excessive production of growth hormone Patient comes in with Type I Diabetes (side effect) for 10 years. What is a reasonable expectation of treatment? - Treat diabetic circulatory problems. Diabetes mellitus 20 years, most serious complication? - Peripheral neuropathy Chronic Diabetic patient testing to check blood sugar level: - HbA1C Hemoglobin Which hormone when high can cause hypercalcemia - Parathyroid hormone What hormone helps absorb calcium in intestines? - PTH Calcitonin, a hormone involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, is secreted by the? - parathyroid gland
Goiter is caused by: - Iodine deficiency Older woman 60's, fatigue, pale and puffy, dry skin and hair. What disease? - Myxedema (hypothyroidism) Potassium deficiencies with high BP - Aldosterone too high becasue of Adrenal cortex tumor (adenoma) = Conns syndrome Aldosterone - what it does and where its from: - Raises blood pressure; Released by Adrenal cortex tumor DHEA = a narural steroid hormone produced from cholesterol in which organs - adrenal glands, gonads, and brain What drug is a risk for osteoporosis? - Steroids Addison's disease - Adrenal insufficiency A young female patient, who has suffered from an autoimmune disease, and is being treated with a glucocorticoid, shows the appearance of a moon shape face, buffalo hump, and truncal obesity. This is typical case of? - Cushing's syndrome Oral contraceptive Pills (OCP) feedback - Inhibition on LH and FSH 50 year old woman present with irregular menstrual period, hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and insomnia. A preliminary diagnosis of perimenopausal syndrome is made. Which hormones are expected to have and elevated level? - LH and FSH Progesterone is released from where after ovulation? - Corpus luteum What should you look for in a women taking estrogen therapy - Shortness of breath
To prevent choking in a baby: - Lay on back How to prevent SIDS: sudden infant death syndrome - By placing Baby on their back to sleep and remove toys from crib Patient has cough, dyspnea, recurrent lung infections often due to pseudomonas, malabsorption (pancreatic enzyme deficiency, CXR reveals bronchiectasis and cystic changes, elevated sweat chloride level, what is the diagnosis? - Cystic Fibrosis One obesity patient wife report restless sleep because the husband was loud snoring during sleep, what is the diagnosis for the patient? - Sleep Apnea Patient come to clinic and complain wake up at night, cant sleep, irritated, snore a lot. What is the diagnosis? - Sleep apnea Coughing throughout night, wakes up w/hoarse voice - Croup A mother brings a child who has had a persistent cough for two weeks, what do you suspect? - Pertussis 16 years old girl complaints sore throat, lost voice, fatigue after 2 hours of choir practice, what do you suspect? - Laryngitis Man with acute chest pain which resulted in myocardial infarction, which drug for inital treatment? - NTG CAB of CPR - Compression, Airway, breathing Cpr in Adult: compressions to breaths - 30: CPK levels indicate: - Heart damage
Pericarditis - pain may travel to left shoulder and neck. Sitting up and leaning forward may decrease the pain. Temporal arteritis - eye vision affected, artery red and protruding in the temporal. What is the most commonly used to visualize DVT includes? - Doppler Flow studies (Duplex ultrasonography) Peripheral arterial disease - Pain on both legs What increases risk of getting aortic aneurysm: - Smoking Beta-blockers are used for what? - Cariovascular disease, hyperthyroidism (storm), migraine, hypertension Which category Migraines: - Beta-blockers Beta-blockers prevent what? - Headache Calcium channel blockers toxicity - rapid progression of hypotention, Brady dysrhythmia, and cardiac arrest. Diuretics can cause a loss of - potassium Complication of ACE inhibitors - Early: cough; Late: renal damage ACE inhibitors: risks and uses (for hypertension) - dry cough, angioedema hyperkalemia (contra:pregnancy) Which part of the initial intake do you put the location, quality, duration of symptoms under: - History of Present illness
