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BIO 202L Lab 16 Worksheet- The Digestive System BIO202L
Student Name: Cassandra Jaspers
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): AC-PS94QVY
Pre-Lab Questions:
- Explain the digestion that occurs in the oral cavity.
The tongue moves food into the mouth and the teeth masticate the food. Salivary glands in the mouth assist mastication, moisten the mouth, and prepare the food for digestion. The digestive aspect of saliva is an enzyme called salivary amylase. This enzyme breaks down covalent bonds between glucose and other polysaccharides to produce disacchardies.
- What is the function of the liver in digestion?
The liver produces bile to neutralize stomach acid and emulsify lipids. As a result, the stomach acid entering the duodenum is more neutral.
- What role does the gall bladder play in digestion?
The Gallbladder stores bile secreted by the liver. The bile is deposited into the small intestine after eating food to help digest the acid.
- Why is the orientation of muscle of the stomach wall important? How does this contribute to its function?
The orientation of the stomach wall is important because it aids peristalsis and directs the movement of food through the digestive system.
Experiment 1: Microscopic Anatomy of the Digestive System
Post-Lab Questions
- Label the items in the following slide pictures. A- Lamina propria B- Epithelia C- Submucosa D- Mucosa E- Submucosa
BIO 202L Lab 16 Worksheet- The Digestive System BIO202L
- What is unique about the small intestine mucosa?
The luminal surface of the small intestine mucosa is covered completely by a villa.
Insert stomach digital slide drawing:
Experiment 2: Virtual Model – Exploring the Digestive System
Post-Lab Questions
- Is the stomach dorsal or ventral to the pancreas?
The stomach is ventral to the pancreas.
- Is the liver dorsal or ventral to the stomach?
The liver is ventral to the stomach.
- Is the vesica biliaris superior or inferior to the esophagus?
The vesical bilaris is inferior to the esophagus.
Experiment 3: Virtual Model – Digestive System Coloring Activity
Insert the proper images in the space below:
Digestive System: Anterior View:
Digestive System: Posterior View:
Experiment 4: Swallowing
Post-Lab Questions
- What did you notice about the movement of your tongue as you swallowed?
The tongue pushed against the soft palate during swallowing.
- What did you notice about movement in the throat region when you swallowed? Be specific.
The larynx movedup and down and the throat tightened.
- What sounds did you hear when you listened to water traveling to the stomach?
There was a gurgling sound and the water make a soft swishing sound as it traveled to the stomach.
Experiment 5: Chemical Digestion of Food: The Role of Enzymes
Table 2: Color Observations
Test Tube Initial Color Final Color
1 Clear Brown/Red
2 Clear Black
3 Clear Black
4 Clear Brown/Red
Post-Lab Questions
- What is the purpose of mechanical digestion?
Mechanical digestion breaks food into smaller pieces to prepare it for further digestion.
- Describe the color seen in each tube in terms of the amount of starch present. Explain why differences may exist.
The starch would turn black if present. If it was not broken down all the way, it would be darker.
- Why does amylase from saliva stop working in the stomach? What other organ produces amylase?
Amylase stops working in the stomach because the pH is about 2 and it only works when the pH is 6-7. The pancreas also produces amylase.
