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Active Transport
(need ATP to pump out H+) 1) pump out H+ and the H+ attach to NO3, and then they can diffuse back into the cell again (cotransport) 2) protons pump out and then diffuse back with sulfur (S) (cotransport) 3) K+ need ATP to change the shape of the protein and it can pass through the cell TERM 2
Apoplast
DEFINITION 2 transfer through the cell wall when cell wall has hydrogen bond without going to the cytoplasm FASTEST TERM 3
Symplast
DEFINITION 3 move through cytoplasm TERM 4
Transmembrane
DEFINITION 4 cytoplasm -> cell wall -> cytoplasm cell wall TERM 5
Symplastic route
DEFINITION 5 same cytoplasm plasmadesmata cytoplasm. LESS CONTROL but FASTER : Apoplast>symplast
transmembrane (most controle)
Water potential: plant in hypotonic (plants
become turgid), plants in hypertonic (plants
become flaccid)
- osmosis through aquaporins (transport proteins) 2) water flows from high potential to low potential TERM 7
Mineral uptake by root
hairs
DEFINITION 7
- dilute solution in soil2) active transport pump TERM 8
Water uptake by root
hairs
DEFINITION 8
- flow form high h2o potential to low h2o potential2) create root pressure TERM 9
Bulk flow
DEFINITION 9 movement of fluid by pressure1) Xylem: negative pressure -- (tracheids and vessels) going upwards from the roots2) Phloem: Push , Positive -- loading of sugar from photosynthesis leaf cell TERM 10
Mycorrhizae
DEFINITION 10 Mycorrhizae is a fungus attach to the root of the plant and increase the surface area to absorb more water and minerals (become part of cytoplasm)
